Intelligence of Things: AI-IoT Based Critical-Applications and Innovations

Preface
Contents
About the Authors
Applications of Internet of Things (IoT) in Green Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Internet of Things (IoT)
	3 Green Computing and Green IoT
		3.1 Principles of Green IoT
	4 IoT in Green Computing
		4.1 Applications of IoT Green Computing Based on Policies
			4.1.1 IoT-Based Green Campus
			4.1.2 Green Agriculture and Green Health Care
			4.1.3 Intelligent Automobiles
			4.1.4 Intelligent Houses
			4.1.5 Intelligent Protection/Security
		4.2 IoTGC Applications Based on Software
			4.2.1 Cloud Computing
			4.2.2 Edge Computing
			4.2.3 Fog Computing
			4.2.4 Telecommuting
			4.2.5 Based on Data Center
			4.2.6 Virtualization Based
		4.3 Hardware-based IoTGC Applications
			4.3.1 RFID Based
			4.3.2 Based on Integrated Circuit
			4.3.3 Based on Processor
			4.3.4 Based on Sensor
		4.4 Applications of IoT Green Computing Based on Awareness
			4.4.1 Usefulness of Ambient Notification
			4.4.2 Proper Visualization of Information in Public Sectors
		4.5 IoTGC Applications Based on Recycling
	5 A Case Study on the Influence of Smartphones on the Environment
		5.1 Minimization of the Drastic Change in the Environment
			5.1.1 Hazardous Materials of Smartphone
			5.1.2 Recycling
			5.1.3 Selection of Right Design of Repair and Disassembly
			5.1.4 Development of Smartphones using Green Materials
			5.1.5 Energy-Saving Smartphone Batteries
			5.1.6 Reduce Packaging and Accessories Requirements
		5.2 Assessment of Smartphones using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
		5.3 Selling and Emission Rate of the Smartphone
	6 Discussion on Case Study
	7 Conclusion
	References
Vehicular Intelligence System: Time-Based Vehicle Next Location Prediction in Software-Defined Internet of Vehicles (SDN-IOV) ...
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Proposed (ERS-SDN-IOV) Routing Protocol
		3.2 Prediction Neural Network
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Simulation Parameters
		4.2 Simulation Scenario
		4.3 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Enhanced Cloud-IoMT-based and Machine Learning for Effective COVID-19 Diagnosis System
	1 Introduction
	2 Application of Cloud Computing and IoMT to Combat COVID-19 Pandemic
	3 Related Works
	4 The Proposed Cloud-IoMT-Based Architecture for Early Diagnosis of COVID-19 Outbreak
		4.1 Data Capture and Collection of Symptoms Layer
		4.2 Isolation/Quarantine Layer
		4.3 Computers and AI Data Analysis Center
		4.4 Healthcare Experts
		4.5 Cloud-IoT-based Storage Database
		4.6 Gateway
	5 Applicability of the Proposed Model
		5.1 Preprocessing
		5.2 Diagnosis Models, Parameters, and Metrics
	6 Results and Discussion
		6.1 Confusion Matrix
		6.2 ROC Curves
	7 Conclusion
	References
AIIoT for Development of Test Standards for Agricultural Technology
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Artificial Intelligence-Internet of Things (AIIoT)
			1.1.1 Internet of Things (IoT)
				Architecture of IoT
				Applications of IoT
			1.1.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
			1.1.3 Machine Learning (ML)
	2 Internet of Things Using Artificial Intelligence
		2.1 Advantages of AIIoT
		2.2 Applications of AIIoT
	3 Role of AI and IoT in Agriculture
		3.1 Role of IoT in Agriculture
			3.1.1 Applications of IoT in Agriculture
		3.2 Role of AI in Agriculture
			3.2.1 Applications of AI in Agriculture
		3.3 Future Aspects of IoT and AI in Agriculture
	4 Testing
		4.1 Software Testing in Agriculture
	5 Test Standards in Agriculture
	6 The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
		6.1 Case Study
	7 Conclusion
	References
Study and Analysis of 5G Enabling Technologies, Their Feasibility and the Development of the Internet of Things
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Definition of the Problem
	4 Objectives of the Research Problem
		4.1 General Objective
		4.2 Specific Objectives
	5 Hypothesis
	6 Research Methodology
	7 Evolution of Mobile Networks from 0G to 5G: Basic Mobile Broadband Concept
	8 Mobile Broadband Evolution: First Generations
	9 Digital Generation
	10 Multiple Accesses by Code Division
	11 Third Generation
	12 Long Term Evolution (LTE)
	13 Essential Technologies for 5G Network Deployment
		13.1 Millimeter Waves
	14 Heterogeneous Networks
	15 Massive MIMO
	16 Beam Forming
	17 Device to Device Communication (D2D)
	18 NOMA Access Technology
	19 Full Duplex
	20 5G Architecture
	21 NG-RAN
	22 Internet of Things, Basic Principles, and Architecture
	23 Internet of Everything
	24 Industrial Internet of Things
	25 Infrastructure and IoT Technologies
	26 Convergence of the Physical and Virtual World
	27 General Structure of the IoT
	28 IoT Protocols
	29 IoT Networks
	30 Edge Computing
	31 5G Security
	32 IoT Use Cases
	33 Public IoT
	34 IoT in Industry
	35 IoT at Home
	36 Conclusions and Suggestions
	37 Recommendations
	References
Automated Methods for the Detection of Green Land in Satellite Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 The U-NET Method
	4 Skip-U-NET Model
		4.1 System Model
		4.2 Architecture and Working
	5 Experimentation and Analysis
		5.1 Experimentation Platform
		5.2 DSTL Dataset
		5.3 Data Transformation
		5.4 Data Augmentation
		5.5 Performance Metrics
			5.5.1 Jaccard Index
			5.5.2 Loss Function
		5.6 Segmentation Results
		5.7 Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Artificial Cyber Espionage Based Protection of Technological Enabled Automated Cities Infrastructure by Dark Web Cyber Offender
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Using AI to Prevent Cybercrime Targeting Technological Enabled Colonies on the DW
			1.1.1 How Technological Enabled Colonies Are Using Artificial Cyber Espionage
			1.1.2 What AI and ML can do for Automated City?
	2 WEBNET Can Be Hacked Through Automated Light Bulb
		2.1 Automated City Surveillance Issues
		2.2 Seclusion and Surveillance
		2.3 Information Bias
	3 Solving Urban Issues with AI and ML
		3.1 Technological Enabled Colonies Peril
			3.1.1 Perpetrator Eavesdrop Threat
			3.1.2 Dossier and Identity Thievery by Gadget Hijacking
			3.1.3 Network Information Flooding Threat
				Securing Technological Enabled Colonies
				Firmware Integrity and Impregnable Boot
				Mutual Testament
				Surveillance Contemplating and Analysis
				Surveillance Lifecycle Governance
				Root of Credible
				Protocol Engines
				Provisioning and Key Governance
	4 IOT Architectural View
		4.1 Automated Gadget/Sensing Chips Tiers
		4.2 Gateways and Webnet
		4.3 Governance Liturgy Tiers
		4.4 IOT Conceptual View
			4.4.1 Equate Tiers
			4.4.2 Access Tiers
			4.4.3 Abstraction Tiers
			4.4.4 Service Tiers
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Role of Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Next Generation Education System
	1 Introduction
	2 Boons of AI in the Education System
	3 AI-Based Technologies for Education
	4 AI-Based Educational Solutions: Current Scenario
	5 Development of AI-Enabled Online Learning Platforms
	6 IoT Applications in Education
		6.1 Smart Infrastructure
			6.1.1 Computer Resource Allocation in Schools
			6.1.2 Multimedia Classrooms
			6.1.3 Digital Resource for Schools
		6.2 Students Attendance Management
		6.3 Safety Measures to the Institutional Infrastructure
		6.4 Technological Advancement as a Learning Privilege to the Disabled Students
			6.4.1 Mobility Assistance
			6.4.2 Reading Surroundings
			6.4.3 Improvement in Autonomy
	7 Potential Use of AI and IoT in Education Sector
	8 Conclusion
		8.1 Future Scope
	References
Social Media Data Analysis: Rough Set Theory Based Innovative Approach
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Terminologies
		1.2 Social Data Analysis-Mathematical Perspective
			1.2.1 Structure of the Chapter
	2 Rough Sets: Foundations
		2.1 Terminologies of Rough Sets
	3 Rough Sets: Data Analysis Techniques
		3.1 Rule Discovery on Rough Set Theory
	4 Rough Graph
		4.1 Discernibility Matrix for Rough Graph
		4.2 Reduct Calculation Using Graph Approximation
	5 Experimental Analysis
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Index