Intellectual Property Law and Practice of the United Arab Emirates

CONTENTS......Page 8
ABOUT THE AUTHOR......Page 18
PREFACE......Page 20
BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE ECONOMIC AND LEGAL CONTEXT......Page 26
LIST OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS......Page 32
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS......Page 38
CHAPTER 1 Patents, Designs, and Know-How......Page 40
Introduction......Page 44
Patent Searching......Page 47
Novelty......Page 48
Industrial Applicability......Page 50
Patent or Utility Certificate?......Page 51
Patentable Subject Matter......Page 52
Inventors......Page 55
Employee Inventors......Page 56
Patent Application......Page 57
PCT Applications......Page 59
Priority Claims......Page 60
Examination of Patent Applications......Page 61
Publication......Page 62
The Patent Term......Page 63
Rights of the Patentee......Page 64
Assignment......Page 65
Licenses......Page 66
Mortgages......Page 70
Improvements......Page 71
Compulsory Licenses......Page 72
Misappropriating an Invention......Page 74
Criminal Offenses and Patent Infringement......Page 75
Precautionary Measures......Page 77
Other Court Orders......Page 79
Customs......Page 81
Introduction......Page 82
“Creative or New”......Page 85
Creators......Page 87
Ownership and the First to File Principle......Page 88
Examination of Design Applications......Page 89
Opposition......Page 90
Rights Granted by Registration......Page 91
Divisional Applications......Page 92
Criminal Offenses in Relation to Designs......Page 93
Overlap between Author‘s Rights and Designs......Page 94
1.3 Know-How......Page 95
What Is Protected?......Page 96
Know-How Contracts......Page 97
Introduction......Page 98
Conflicts of Interest......Page 100
Competition in the Profession......Page 102
Professional Duties......Page 103
Errors......Page 104
Indemnity Insurance......Page 105
CHAPTER 2 Trademarks......Page 106
History of the UAE‘s Trademark Law......Page 110
International Conventions......Page 111
Government Authorities Dealing with Trademarks......Page 112
What Is a Trademark?......Page 113
Color Marks......Page 114
Used or Intended to Be Used......Page 115
To Indicate the Products of the Owner......Page 116
Packaging or Containers (“Ubuwat”)......Page 117
The Practice in Relation to Three-Dimensional Trademarks......Page 118
Residency of the Applicant......Page 120
The Application Form......Page 121
Filing the Application......Page 122
Convention Priority......Page 123
Associated Marks......Page 124
Marks That May Not Be Registered......Page 125
Marks That Contravene Public Morals or Public Order......Page 126
Purely Religious Symbols......Page 127
Using Unregistrable Marks Is a Criminal Offense......Page 128
Distinctiveness......Page 129
Conflicting Similar Marks......Page 130
Searching the Register......Page 133
Well-Known Marks......Page 135
Preliminary Technical Examination Report......Page 139
Conditional Acceptance......Page 140
Rejection......Page 141
Advertisement......Page 142
Opposition......Page 143
Content of the Notice of Opposition and Reply......Page 144
Grounds of Opposition......Page 145
Evidence in Support of the Opposition......Page 147
The Hearing of the Opposition......Page 149
Confidentiality Obligations in Opposition Proceedings......Page 150
The Opposition Decision......Page 151
Publication of Opposition Decisions......Page 152
The Registration Certificate......Page 153
Appeals from Ministry Decisions......Page 154
Incontestability of Ownership......Page 155
Used for Five Consecutive Years......Page 157
Reasons for Non-Use......Page 159
Cancellation by the Ministry......Page 160
Publication of Cancellation......Page 161
Re-Registration of Cancelled Marks......Page 162
Power to Amend the Register......Page 163
Freedom to Assign, Mortgage, and Attach......Page 164
Sales of Business......Page 165
Necessity of Recordal......Page 166
Procedures for Recordal......Page 167
The Requirement for Writing and Legalization......Page 168
Unjustified Restrictions in Licenses......Page 169
Permitted Terms in Trademark Licenses......Page 170
Trademark Licenses Must Be Recorded......Page 171
Monitoring Marks......Page 172
Article 37.1 Offenses......Page 173
Article 37.2 Offenses......Page 175
Article 37.3 Offenses......Page 176
The GCC TML Offenses......Page 177
The Law for the Prevention of Fraud and Deception in Commercial Dealings......Page 178
Enforcement with the Dubai Police......Page 179
Dubai Department of Economic Development......Page 187
Enforcement in the Emirate of Sharjah......Page 191
Trademark Infringement?......Page 192
Availability of Injunctions......Page 193
What the Court May Order......Page 194
Precautionary Measures......Page 196
Other Considerations......Page 198
International Obligations......Page 199
GCC Customs Law......Page 200
Many Authorities......Page 201
Dubai Customs Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Unit......Page 202
Sharjah Customs......Page 203
UAE as the Provenance of Counterfeits......Page 204
Trademark Agents......Page 205
CHAPTER 3 Author’s Rights and Neighbouring Rights......Page 206
History of the UAE’s Author’s Rights Law......Page 209
Government Authorities Dealing with Author’s Rights......Page 211
Natural and Legal Persons......Page 212
“Named” Authors......Page 213
Anonymous and Pseudonymous Authors......Page 214
Intestate Authors......Page 215
Joint Authors......Page 216
Authors of Collective Works......Page 217
Commissioned Authors......Page 219
To Which Authors Does the Law Apply?......Page 220
“Creative” Work......Page 222
Distinctiveness......Page 223
The Field of Literature, or the Arts or the Sciences......Page 224
The Requirement of Expression......Page 225
Financial Rights of Authors......Page 226
Can Moral Rights Be Waived?......Page 227
Works of Architecture and Engineering Drawings......Page 228
Works of Art......Page 232
Audio, Visual, and Audio-Visual Works......Page 234
Producers of Audio-Visual Works......Page 235
Joint Authors in Audio, Visual, and Audio-Visual Works......Page 236
Collections of Works......Page 238
Computer Programs and Databases......Page 239
Back-Ups, Replacements, and Adaptations......Page 240
Criminal Offenses......Page 242
Assignments......Page 243
National Folklore......Page 244
What Is an “Official Document”?......Page 245
Rights in Photographs......Page 247
Depicting Persons and the Photographer‘s Rights......Page 248
The Nationality of the Subject......Page 249
The Subject‘s Remedies......Page 250
Translations......Page 251
Broadcasts......Page 253
Performances......Page 258
Sound Recordings......Page 262
Is Registration of Author’s Rights Mandatory in the UAE?......Page 264
Searching the Works Register......Page 266
Requirements for the Registration of Works......Page 267
Assignments and Licenses......Page 268
Language......Page 269
The Right the Subject of the Disposal......Page 270
The Period of Exploitation......Page 271
Due Diligence for Transfers from Authors of Joint or Collective Works......Page 272
Disposals of Future Works......Page 273
Ownership of Original Copies......Page 274
Precautionary Measures and the Main Case......Page 275
Criminal Offenses......Page 277
Enforcement Authorities for Infringements under ARL 2002......Page 280
Personal Use......Page 281
The Preservation of Documents......Page 282
Education and Cultural Needs......Page 283
Public Speeches and Discussions......Page 284
Customs......Page 285
Compulsory Licenses......Page 286
Collecting Societies......Page 287
Introduction to the Appendices......Page 288
Appendix A: English Translations of Laws and Regulations......Page 292
Appendix B: Arabic Texts of Laws and Regulations......Page 580
A......Page 878
C......Page 879
F......Page 880
I......Page 881
M......Page 882
P......Page 883
T......Page 885
Y......Page 887