Intellectual Journeys in Ecological Psychology

Cover
Endorsements
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Figures
Table
Contributors
Preface
	Note
	References and suggested readings
Acknowledgments
1. The landmarks of the Gibsonian Ecological Approach to visual perception and the landscape of post-Gibsonian thought
	Landmarks in the development of Gibson\'s ecological approach and their recent history
		Molar behaviorism and a relational ontology
			A molar behaviorism
			A relational ontology
			The relational ontology of radical empiricism
			A relational ontology in Gibson\'s ecological approach
		Ground theory of visual perception
		Thing and medium
		Ecological optics
		Perceiving from a moving point of observation and optic flow
		Information and perceptual systems
		Dynamic occlusion and extended perceiving
		Affordances
	The Landscape of ecological psychology post-1979: Background to the Interviews
		The interview groupings
		Who is missing here?
	Different streams of ecological thought post-1979: A history
		Eleanor Gibson and Ulric Neisser
		Biographical matters
			University of Minnesota
			The Penn State conferences
			The Shaw-Turvey connection
		A program of first principles for ecological psychology
		The Johansson research group at Uppsala
		David Lee and the prospective control of action
		Alan Costall and a mutualist ecological psychology
		Edward Reed and ecological psychology as a biological science of human life
	Coda: The enigma that is \"ecological psychology\"
	Notes
	References
2. Eleanor J. Gibson - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An Interview with Eleanor J. Gibson
		James Gibson and Eleanor Gibson - Two theories or one?
		From differentiation theory to an ecological theory of perceptual learning
		Reception of the Gibsonian theory in the scientific community
		The visual cliff and other research
		On ecological psychology as a movement
	Reflection on the 1997 interview
	References
3. Ulric Neisser - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Ulric Neisser
		Going to Cornell, meeting the Gibsons
		Changing one\'s mind about Gibson\'s views
		Gibson and his peers. The reception of \"Cognition and Reality\"
		About Eleanor Gibson
		Gibson\'s experimental work, the Thursday seminars
		Starting to work on an ecological approach to memory
		After Gibson\'s death
		On being a \"Gibsonian\" and Gibson\'s impact
		An evaluation of ecological psychology and psychology at large
	Reflections on the 1997 interview
	Note
	References
4. Nancy deVilliers Rader - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	10 most significant publications
	An interview with Nancy de Villiers Rader
		Getting involved in ecological psychology
		Starting the research on the visual cliff
		Graduate students around the Gibsons at Cornell
		Being a researcher with a \"Gibsonian view\"
	Reflection on the 1997 interview
	References
5. Robert E. Shaw - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Robert E. Shaw
		Early achievements - and a Ph.D. in psychology
		Postdoc as a Chomskyan, with James Jenkins
		Meeting the Gibsons at Minnesota - A turning point
		A year at Cornell - \"Starting all over again\"
		Working with Gibson and the \"big idea\" of duality
		\"I don\'t take blame for people not understanding it\"
		Direct realism, perceiving and knowing
		Personal reflections on James Gibson
		The birth of the ecological psychology movement
		About the future of ecological psychology
	Current reflections on the 1997 interview
	Notes
	References
	Appendix 1
	Appendix 2
	Appendix 3
	Appendix 4
	Appendix 5
6. Michael T. Turvey - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Michael T. Turvey
		Physical education, sports, and interest in motor skills
		APA award for work on information processing while \"keeping Gibson in the background\"
		Meeting Bob Shaw and James Gibson
		Incorporating Nikolai Bernstein into the ecological framework
		The \"Storrs scene\" - Bob Shaw arrives, graduate students impress, and dynamic systems thinking begins
		Intellectual fights and doing \"typical science\"
		The broader impact of the ecological approach and its standing
		Assessing the state of cognitive science in the late 1990s and the future of psychology
		Gibson\'s place in the history of psychology. Commitment to the ecological approach
	Current reflections on the 1997 interview
	Author\'s Note
	Notes
	References
7. William M. Mace - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with William M. Mace
		Becoming a psychologist and finding the way to Gibson through Bob Shaw
		Personal contact with Gibson, and further events
		The Penn State Conference (1972) and the UConn Conference (1981)
		Founding the International Society for Ecological Psychology and the journal Ecological Psychology
		People in and around Ecological Psychology
		On Eleanor Gibson
		Assessing the standing of ecological psychology in the late 1990s
	Current reflection on the 1997 interview
	Notes
	References
8. Claudia Carello - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Claudia Carello
		Earliest exposure to ecological psychology
		The graduate program at UConn in the late 1970s
		The \"big debates\" and writing the book Direct Perception
		Assessing UConn\'s graduate program in ecological psychology
		Establishing CESPA at the University of Connecticut
		Thoughts on the progress of ecological psychology
	Current reflections on the 1997 interview
	Author\'s Note
	Notes
	References
9. Reuben M. Baron - Interview and Reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Reuben M. Baron
		Graduate years, early influences
		Coming to UConn, Turvey\'s and Shaw\'s influence
		Moving towards an ecological social psychology
		Influence on the field
		Combining dynamical systems and ecological psychology
		Thoughts on the future
	Current reflections on the 1997 interview
	References
10. David N. Lee - Interview and Reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with David N. Lee
		In search of a problem and finding it
		The fellowship year with Gibson at Cornell
		Moving to Edinburgh, inventing and researching the \"swinging room\"
		Research on time-to-contact (Tau)
		Further work in Edinburgh: Pedate locomotion experiments
		Exploring and generalizing Tau
		Human developmental studies on perceptuomotor control
		About ecological psychology
	Reflection on the 1997 interview
		Organismic movement
		Principles of organismic movement
		Movement gaps
		Elementary movement gaps
		Information for closing movement gaps
		Sensory information for closing movement gaps
		Representation of sensory information in the nervous system
		Sensing pain
		Neural intentional information
		Neural intentional information: Hypothesis G
		Neural intentional information: Hypothesis D
		Behavioral rationale for tauG and tauD
		Evidence for the tauG and tauD hypotheses
		Motor information
		Motor synergies
		Vocalizing: A paradigm of coordinated movement
	Note
	References
11. Alan Costall - Interview and Reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Alan Costall
		A basic interest in theory and, dualism, specifically
		A growing interest in Gibson
		The critique of cognitivism and the appeal of the ecological approach
		Rethinking ecological psychology
		\"In a serious sense, psychology itself is the problem\"
	Current reflections on the 1997 interview
	References
12. Gunnar Jansson - Interview and reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Gunnar Jansson
		The beginnings of a research career
		Working with Gunnar Johansson as a research associate
		Psychology in Sweden in the 1950s and 1960s
		Gunnar Johansson\'s relationship with James Gibson
		Thoughts on ecological psychology
		Research on haptics; feeling as an intellectual grandson of David Katz
	Reflections on the 2001 interview
	Notes
	References
13. Sverker Runeson - Interview and Reflection
	Biography
	Ten most significant publications
	An interview with Sverker Runeson
		In Johanson\'s Perception Lab, as a student
		The invention of the point-light display method
		Johansson\'s cooperation with Gibson, Gibson\'s influence
		The polar planimeter as an archetype of smart mechanisms
		The Kinematics Specifies Dynamics (KSD) principle
		About ecological psychology as a movement and an outlook
	Current reflections on the 2001 interview
		On motion perception research techniques
		Johansson\'s priority to the point-light method
		The Motion Perception films (Maas et al., 1971)
		On animated versus natural movements
		Another pedagogical example of a smart mechanism
		Visual perception of free-fall events
		A photo-electric arbitrary-function generator
		Digitization artifacts and Motion Track Enlargement
		Bicycle riding: A primary example of learning for psychology!
	Notes
	References
14. Finding and making paths in Ecological Psychology: Developmental trajectories in interviews and reflections
	James and Eleanor Gibson at Cornell - Attracting and repelling forces
		Attracting forces
		Repelling forces
	Finding paths to the Ecological Approach
		Eleanor Gibson
		Nancy de Villiers Rader
		Ulric Neisser
		Robert Shaw and David Lee
		Alan Costall
		Michael Turvey
		William Mace, Reuben Baron, and Claudia Carello
		Gunnar Jansson and Sverker Runeson
	A summary - Reasons for commitment and patterns of engagement
	Maintaining the path: The Ecological Approach as a scientific movement
	Making the path - Trajectories of research
		Adaptive motor action
		Skilled movement
		Perceiving, acting, knowing
		Social dynamics
	Naming the path: (E)ecological (A)approach, (E)ecological (P)psychology, or ecological science?
		Yes to \"ecological approach\", no to \"ecological psychology\"
		Pragmatic yes to \"ecological psychology\"
		Yes to \"ecological psychology,\" on its way to becoming \"ecological science\"
	What is Ecological Psychology and whose approach is it? Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	Notes
	References
	Appendix 14.1 Summary table of the 12 interviews and reflections, with Ph.D. information (Names are listed in the chronological order of obtaining the Ph.D. degree)
15. Epilogue: The Cartesian submariner learns to surf
	Affordances everywhere
	DST and EES
	Ecological neuroscience
	The five Es
	Information and specificity
	Trending
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Appendix: Ecological Psychology in photographs
Index