Integrated Principles of Zoology

Title
Table of Contents
Part 1 Introduction to Living Animals
	1 Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology
		Fundamental Properties of Life
		Zoology as a Part of Biology
		Principles of Science
		Theories of Evolution and Heredity
		Summary
	2 The Origin and Chemistry of Life
		Water and Life
		Organic Molecular Structure of Living Systems
		Chemical Evolution
		Origin of Living Systems
		Precambrian Life
		Summary
	3 Cells as Units of Life
		Cell Concept
		Organization of Cells
		Mitosis and Cell Division
		Summary
	4 Cellular Metabolism
		Energy and the Laws of Thermodynamics
		The Role of Enzymes
		Enzyme Regulation
		Chemical Energy Transfer by ATP
		Cellular Respiration
		Metabolism of Lipids
		Metabolism of Proteins
		Summary
Part 2 Continuity and Evolution of Animal Life CHAPTER
	5 Genetics: A Review
		Mendel’s Investigations
		Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
		Mendelian Laws of Inheritance
		Gene Theory
		Storage and Transfer of Genetic Information
		Genetic Sources of Phenotypic Variation
		Molecular Genetics of Cancer
		Summary
	6 Organic Evolution
		Origins of Darwinian Evolutionary Theory
		Darwinian Evolutionary Theory: The Evidence
		Revisions of Darwin’s Theory
		Microevolution: Genetic Variation and Change Within Species
		Macroevolution: Major Evolutionary Events
		Summary
	7 The Reproductive Process
		Nature of the Reproductive Process
		The Origin and Maturation of Germ Cells
		Reproductive Patterns
		Structure of Reproductive Systems
		Endocrine Events that Orchestrate Reproduction
		Summary
	8 Principles of Development
		Early Concepts: Preformation Versus Epigenesis
		Fertilization
		Cleavage and Early Development
		An Overview of Development Following Cleavage
		Mechanisms of Development
		Gene Expression During Development
		Developmental Patterns in Animals
		Evolutionary Developmental Biology
		Vertebrate Development
		Development of Systems and Organs
		Summary
Part Three Diversity of Animal Life
	9 Architectural Pattern of an Animal
		Hierarchical Organization of Animal Complexity
		Animal Body Plans
		Components of Metazoan Bodies
		Complexity and Body Size
		Summary
	10 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals
		Linnaeus and Taxonomy
		Species
		Taxonomic Characters and Phylogenetic Reconstruction
		Theories of Taxonomy
		Major Divisions of Life
		Major Subdivisions of the Animal Kingdom
		Summary
	11 Unicellular Eukaryotes: Protozoan Groups
		How Do We Defi ne Protozoan Groups?
		Form and Function
		Major Protozoan Taxa
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	12 Sponges and Placozoans
		Origin of Metazoa (Animals)
		Phylum Porifera: Sponges
		Phylum Placozoa
		Summary
	13 Radiate Animals
		Phylum Cnidaria
		Phylum Ctenophora
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	14 Flatworms, Mesozoans, and Ribbon Worms
		Phylum Acoelomorpha
		Clades Within Protostomia
		Phylum Platyhelminthes
		Phylum Mesozoa
		Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)
		Summary
	15 Gnathiferans and Smaller Lophotrochozoans
		Clade Gnathifera
		Phylum Gnathostomulida
		Phylum Micrognathozoa
		Phylum Rotifera
		Phylum Acanthocephala
		Phylum Cycliophora
		Phylum Gastrotricha
		Phylum Entoprocta
		Lophophorates
		Phylum Ectoprocta (Bryozoa)
		Phylum Brachiopoda
		Phylum Phoronida
		Phylogeny
		Summary
	16 Molluscs
		Molluscs
		Form and Function
		Classes of Molluscs
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	17 Annelids and Allied Taxa
		Phylum Annelida, Including Pogonophorans (Siboglinids)
		Phylum Echiura
		Phylum Sipuncula
		Evolutionary Signifi cance of Metamerism
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	18 Smaller Ecdysozoans
		Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms
		Phylum Nematomorpha
		Phylum Kinorhyncha
		Phylum Priapulida
		Phylum Loricifera
		Clade Panarthropoda
		Phylum Onychophora
		Phylum Tardigrada
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	19 Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods
		Phylum Arthropoda
		Subphylum Trilobita
		Subphylum Chelicerata
		Subphylum Myriapoda
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	20 Crustaceans
		Subphylum Crustacea
		A Brief Survey of Crustaceans
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	21 Hexapods
		Class Insecta
		Insects and Human Welfare
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	22 Chaetognaths, Echinoderms, and Hemichordates
		Phylum Chaetognatha
		Form and Function
		Phylum Xenoturbellida
		Clade Ambulacraria
		Phylum Echinodermata
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Phylum Hemichordata
		Phylogeny and Adaptive Diversifi cation
		Summary
	23 Chordates
		The Chordates
		Five Chordate Hallmarks
		Ancestry and Evolution
		Subphylum Urochordata (Tunicata)
		Subphylum Cephalochordata
		Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata)
		Summary
	24 Fishes
		Ancestry and Relationships of Major Groups of Fishes
		Living Jawless Fishes
		Class Chondrichthyes: Cartilaginous Fishes
		Osteichthyes: Bony Fishes
		Structural and Functional Adaptations of Fishes
		Summary
	25 Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians
		Movement onto Land
		Early Evolution of Terrestrial Vertebrates
		Modern Amphibians
		Summary
	26 Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles
		Origin and Early Evolution of Amniotes
		Characteristics and Natural History of Reptilian Orders
		Summary
	27 Birds
		Origin and Relationships
		Structural and Functional Adaptations for Flight
		Flight
		Migration and Navigation
		Social Behavior and Reproduction
		Bird Populations and Their Conservation
		Summary
	28 Mammals
		Origin and Evolution of Mammals
		Structural and Functional Adaptations of Mammals
		Humans and Mammals
		Human Evolution
		Summary
Part Four Activity of Life
	29 Support, Protection, and Movement
		Integument
		Skeletal Systems
		Animal Movement
		Summary
	30 Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation
		Water and Osmotic Regulation
		Invertebrate Excretory Structures
		Vertebrate Kidney
		Temperature Regulation
		Summary
	31 Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration
		Internal Fluid Environment
		Composition of Blood
		Circulation
		Respiration
		Summary
	32 Digestion and Nutrition
		Feeding Mechanisms
		Digestion
		Organization and Regional Function of Alimentary Canals
		Regulation of Food Intake
		Nutritional Requirements
		Summary
	33 Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs
		Neurons: Functional Units of Nervous Systems
		Synapses: Junctions Between Nerves
		Evolution of Nervous Systems
		Sense Organs
		Summary
	34 Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System
		Mechanisms of Hormone Action
		Invertebrate Hormones
		Vertebrate Endocrine Glands and Hormones
		Summary
	35 Immunity
		Susceptibility and Resistance
		Innate Defense Mechanisms
		Immunity in Invertebrates
		Acquired Immune Response in Vertebrates
		Blood Group Antigens
		Summary
	36 Animal Behavior
		Describing Behavior: Principles of Classical Ethology
		Control of Behavior
		Social Behavior
		Summary
Part 5  Animals and Their Environments
	37 Animal Distributions
		Principles of Historical Biogeography
		Distribution of Life on Earth
		Summary
	38 Animal Ecology
		The Hierarchy of Ecology
		Extinction and Biodiversity
		Summary
Glossary G-
Credits C-
Index I-