Integrated Flood Risk Management: Basic Concepts and the Japanese Experience

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Prologue
	Establishment of UNESCO and Japanese participation
	UNESCO Intergovernmental Hydrological Program
	UNESCO water centers
	References
1 Introduction
	There is no such thing as a natural disaster
	From disaster relief to disaster risk management
	Global sustainability
	Human well-being and biodiversity
	About this book
	References
2 Occurrence of disaster
	2.1 What is disaster risk?
		2.1.1 Fishermen at risk
		2.1.2 Terminology
		2.1.3 Conceptual formula of disaster risk
		2.1.4 Disaster databases
	2.2 PAR model
		2.2.1 Pressure model
		2.2.2 Release model
		2.2.3 Risk reduction objectives: CARDIAC (heart)
	2.3 ACCESS model
	2.4 Disaster management cycle and hydro-illogical cycle
		2.4.1 Disaster management cycle
		2.4.2 Hydro-illogical cycle
	References
3 Conceptual evolution of UN policies on environment, development and disaster reduction
	3.1 From Stockholm to Rio: UN initiatives on environment and development
		3.1.1 Before Stockholm
		3.1.2 Every 10 years UN conferences on environment and development
			Sustainable development proposed by WCED
		3.1.3 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
			Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
			Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
	3.2 From Yokohama to Sendai: UN initiatives on disaster reduction
		3.2.1 United Nations International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (UNIDNDR) (1990–1999)
			Yokohama strategy
		3.2.2 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
		3.2.3 United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
		3.2.4 Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005–2015
		3.2.5 Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction (SF) 2015–2030
			The expected outcome, the goal and seven global targets
	References
4 An integrated approach to water resources and flood risk
	4.1 Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)
		4.1.1 Introduction
			IWRM, IFRM and related concepts in a conceptual framework
		4.1.2 IWRM as a UN’s guiding principle
			Dublin principles
			IWRM in Agenda 21
		4.1.3 The conceptualization of IWRM
			What to integrate for IWRM?
			GWP definition of IWRM
		4.1.4 UNESCO guideline “IWRM at river basin level”
			UNESCO definition of IWRM
			Principles in the guideline
			Spiral process
			Four steps in a spiral round
	4.2 Integrated Flood Risk Management (IFRM)
	4.2.1 Introduction
		Flood-related definitions and the European Flood Directive
		Flood risk management and flood control
		At a glance of methodologies of FRM
	4.2.2 What and how to integrate for IFRM?
		Stakeholders and other factors to be integrated
		Systems approach for integration
		Cost allocation: Separable cost – alternative justifiable-expenditure method
	4.2.3 WMO efforts for Integrated Flood Management (IFM)
		Associated Program on Flood Management (APFM)
		APFM definition of integrated flood management (IFM)
		APFM IFM concepts
	References
5 Japanese experiences
	5.1 General hydro-environmental conditions
		Flood prone conditions of Japan
	5.2  A short history of flood management in Japan
		5.2.1 Flood control works before the Meiji Restoration (1868)
			Shingen Zutsumi (Shingen Bank)
			The Tone River shift to the east
		5.2.2 Before World  War II
			Invited foreign engineers
			Shin-Yodo-gawa (the New Yodo River)
			Okozu Bunsui (Okozu Diversion Canal)
		5.2.3 Chronological views of flood disasters after the Meiji Era
	5.3 The dark post-war 15 years
		Makurazaki Typhoon
		Kathleen Typhoon
		Ise-Bay Typhoon
		Other flood-related disasters during the dark post-war 15 years
		Reasons of the dark post-war 15 years
	5.4 Challenges of flood management after 1960
		River laws
		Flood losses and flood control investment
		Why economic losses do not decrease despite that human losses decrease?
	5.5 Integrated flood risk management in Japan
		5.5.1 Overview of judicial actions related to IFRM
		5.5.2 Comprehensive Flood Control Measures (1977)
			Background
			Tsurumi river experiences
			In-situ storage and infiltration
			Establishment of FRICS
		5.5.3 Flood hazard maps
		5.5.4 High-standard (super) levees
		5.5.5 Underground rivers
			The Neya River South and North in Osaka Prefecture
			The 7th Circular Road of Metropolitan Tokyo
			The Naka River and the Ayase River Basin
		5.5.6 Effective flood control including basin resistance
		5.5.7 Disaster prevention and mitigation responding to the new stage
	5.6 Summary of Japanese experiences on flood-related disaster risk management
		5.6.1 Summary of experiences
		5.6.2 Additional remarks
			Living with floods
			Some essentials of flood management
	5.7 Experiences on tsunamis
		5.7.1 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) Disaster
			Outline of GEJE disaster 2011
			Recovery strategy: L1 and L2 approach
		5.7.2 Safety culture for tsunami
			Large tsunamis in Japan
			Great Tsunami memorial stone in Aneyoshi: Never build a house below here
			“Inamura no Hi”
	References
6 Future issues of IFRM
	6.1 Anticipated changes and adaptation
		6.1.1 Climatic changes
			Changes in temperature and heavy rains
			Linear Rainbands
			East Japan Typhoon (Typhoon 19, 2019)
		6.1.2 Adaptation to climatic change
		6.1.3 Demographic issues
			Urbanization
			Depopulation and aging society
		6.1.4 Compact city
			Case of Japan
	6.2 Importance of social capital
		6.2.1 Social capital and its recent decline
			Disaster preparedness culture
		6.2.3 The Ise Shrine exercise
	6.3 Transdisciplinary approach
		6.3.1 Need of transdisciplinary approach
		6.3.2 Transdisciplinary approach (TDA) for scientific decision-making
			Definition of Transdisciplinary Approach (TDA)
			What can TDA do?
			Scientific knowledge-based decision-making
			Knowledge flow infrastructure
		6.3.3 Some case studies
			Japanese case
			The Philippines case
			Nepal case
			Preliminary findings
		References
Epilogue
	NINOMIYA Kinjiro Sontoku and Hotoku-shiho
		Birth of NINOMIYA Kinjiro and tragic flood disasters
		Recovery of his own house
		Recovery of the Hattori family
		Recovery of Sakuramachi Villages
		After the Sakuramachi success
		Works as a Bakushin (Edo government officer)
		Recovery of Soma domain
		Recovery of Nikko Shrine territory and death
		Summary of Hotoku-shiho (Repay-virtue methodology)
	References
Index