Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies (ICTCS 2022): ICT: Applications and Social Interfaces

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Attainment of Program Outcomes in Outcome-Based Education: A Case Study with Operating Systems Course
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Background
	4 Course Delivery Plan
	5 Observations and Inferences
	6 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Iris Image Features Using Supervised and Unsupervised Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Supervised Learning
		2.2 Unsupervised Learning
	3 Result
	4 Conclusion
	References
Privacy Preserved Effective Bill Collection System Using Blockchain
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed System
	4 Algorithm Design
	5 Functionality of Our System
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Speech Emotion Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks on Spectrograms and Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Data Preprocessing
	5 Classifiers
		5.1 Machine Learning Classifiers
		5.2 Deep Learning Classifiers (CNN)
	6 Dataset Description
	7 Experimental Setup and Hyperparameter
	8 Experimental Results and Conclusion
	References
Automatic Recognition and Categorization of Tomato Leaf Syndrome of Diseases Using Deep Learning Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Preparation
		3.2 Dataset Preparation
		3.3 Experiments
		3.4 Transfer Learning
	4 Performance Matrix
		4.1 Confusion Matrix
		4.2 Accuracy and Loss
		4.3 Precision, Recall, and F1-Score
	5 Result Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Fake News Detection Approach Based on Logistic Regression in Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Objective of Research
	4 Fake News Detection Types and Approaches
	5 Dataset Descriptions
		5.1 Logistic Regression Model
		5.2 Naïve Bayes Model
	6 Conclusion
	Reference
A Survey on Deep Learning Methods for Addressing COVID-19 Issues
	1 Introduction
	2 Diagnosis
		2.1 Detection and Tracking of Virus Through Image
		2.2 Detection and Tracking of Virus Through Sound Analysis
		2.3 Detection and Tracking of Virus Through Non-invasive Estimation and Differentiating from Other Disease
	3 Drug Development and Vaccine Discovery with Its Success, Behavior, and Recommendation
	4 Prediction of Outbreak, Identify Best Treatment, and Fake News Detection
	5 Challenges
	6 Research Scope and Motivation
	7 Future Directions
	8 Conclusion
	References
An Application for Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing and Public Risk Assessment Using Blockchain for Covid-19 Pandemic
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Algorithms
		3.1 AES
		3.2 MD5
		3.3 Block Updation Required Check
		3.4 Blockchain Block Integrity Check Algorithm
	4 Technologies
		4.1 Blockchain Technology
		4.2 GPS
		4.3 Euclidean Distance
	5 Proposed System
	6 Result and Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Understanding the Impact of SNS on Education
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Popular Social Media Application
		1.2 Machine Learning in Social Media
	2 Data Collection Method
	3 Analysis of Data
		3.1 Bi-variable Regression Analysis
		3.2 Multivariable Regression Analysis
	4 Future Research Directions
	5 Conclusion
	References
IoT-Based Real-Time Air Quality Monitoring and Alerting System for Patients with Chronic Respiratory Disease
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Model and Methods
		3.1 Decision-Making Method
		3.2 Hardware Components Used in the Prototype
		3.3 Sensor Principles and Specification
		3.4 Hardware Design
		3.5 Cloud Connectivity
		3.6 Software Design
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
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Analysis of Sensors Used in Medical Body Area Networks for Alzheimer’s Patients
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Design of MBAN for AD
		2.1 Inertial Measurement Uni (IMU)—MPU6050
		2.2 Passive Infrared (PIR) Sensor—HC-SR501
		2.3 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Sensor (RC522)
		2.4 Healthcare System Objectives Examples
	3 Conclusion
	References
Banking Software Services: Current Status, Challenges, Impact and Prospects
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Objective of the Study
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collection Method
		2.2 Sources of Data
		2.3 Data Analysis
	3 Solutions Developed by Local Software Companies
		3.1 Software Solutions
		3.2 Clients of Local Software
	4 Problems in the Local Banks
	5 The Challenges of Implementing New Solutions
	6 Comparison Between Local and Foreign Banking Software
		6.1 Centralized Core Banking System
		6.2 Market Share of CBS
		6.3 Use of Local Software
		6.4 Replacement of CBS
		6.5 Willingness to Change CBS
		6.6 Reasons Behind Replacing CBS and Factors that Influence Banks to Replace CBS
	7 Recommendation
	8 Limitation of This Study
	9 Conclusion
	References
Enhanced AES for Improved Privacy in 5G-Enabled IoT Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Method
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Cooja Simulator
		4.2 HDL Simulation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Rainfall Forecasting Using Deep Learning Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Description of Dataset
		2.2 Hyper-Parameter Selection
		2.3 Proposed Model
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Adaptation of Agile Development in Medical Industry
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Agile Development in Regulated Environments
	4 An Agile Approach to Medical Device Design
	5 Agile and Medical Industry Implementation
	6 Does the Medical Industry Really Need Agile?
	7 What If Agile Is Not Present in Medical Industry?
	8 Advantages of Agile in Medical Device Design
	9 Challenges
	10 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning-Based Malicious URLs Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Bibliographical Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Classification Techniques
		4.1 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
		4.2 Random Forest (RF)
		4.3 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNNs)
		4.4 Naive Bayesian (NB)
	5 Datasets and Experimental Results
		5.1 Datasets
		5.2 Results and Discussion
		5.3 Results of the Test Models
	6 Conclusion
	References
Workload Prediction for Resource Scaling and Migration in the Cloud
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Architecture
		3.1 Creation of Cloud Environment Using CloudSim
		3.2 SVRT Prediction Model
		3.3 Cloud Scaling and Migration
	4 Experimental Analysis
		4.1 Experimental Environment Setup
		4.2 Dataset
		4.3 Prediction Model
		4.4 Cloud Scaling and Migration
		4.5 Time Complexity
	5 Conclusion
	References
Material Performance Evaluation of Waste PET Fibers as a Concrete Constitute
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Research Study
		1.2 Investigation Relevance
	2 Ingredients and Their Mixing Ratio
		2.1 PET Plastic Waste Fiber
		2.2 Samples and Mix Ratio
	3 Experimental Program and Tests
		3.1 Compressive Strength
		3.2 Flexural Strength
		3.3 Splitting Tensile Strength
	4 Test Results and Its Discussions
		4.1 Compressive Strength
		4.2 Flexural Strength
		4.3 Splitting Tensile Strength
	5 Conclusion
	References
Predicting the Stock Market Prices Using Ensemble and Fbprophet Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Review of Datasets for NLIDBs
	1 Introduction and History
	2 Conclusion
	References
‘Mazoor Katta’ a Mobile Application for Daily Wage Labor Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Technology
	4 Features
	5 Methodology
		5.1 System Architecture
		5.2 Modules
		5.3 Sequence Diagram
		5.4 Database Model
	6 User Interface
	7 Results
	8 Conclusion
	9 Future Scope
	References
Improving the Efficiency of High-Performance Free-Space Optical Communication Channels in Various Weather Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Transfer Technologies
	3 The Influence of Weather Conditions on Free-Space Optical Communication
		3.1 Attenuation in the Fog
		3.2 Attenuation in the Rain
		3.3 Attenuation in the Snow
	4 Improving the Efficiency of FSO in Various Weather Conditions
		4.1 FSO Efficiency in Clear Weather and Fog
		4.2 FSO Efficiency in Rainy Conditions
		4.3 FSO Efficiency in Dry Snow Conditions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of Social Media Creditability Assessment Using Machine Learning Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Multiple Dataset Collection
		3.2 Preprocess Multiple Datasets
		3.3 Assess Multiple Datasets
		3.4 Proposed System Architecture
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mid-Air Gesture for Hand Control System Using Leap Motion Robot
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Work
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	6 Future Scope
	References
Controlling Wheelchair Based on Brain Waves for Paralyzed People
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	6 Future Scope
	References
Monitoring Urban Growth Using Land Use Land Cover Classification
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Basic Definitions and Backgrounds
		1.2 Problem Statement
	2 Review of Literature
	3 Data and Methods
		3.1 Study Area
		3.2 Data
		3.3 Methodology Flowchart
		3.4 Description of Random Forest Classifier
	4 Accuracy Assessment
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 LULC Change Dynamics
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Scope
	References
An Empirical Analysis of Different Classifiers on COVID-19 Vaccination Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 System Design
		3.1 Tweet Collection
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Polarity Evaluation
		3.4 Feature Extraction
		3.5 Document (Words) Representation
		3.6 Machine Learning (ML) Classifiers
		3.7 Performance Evaluation Metrics
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Steganography in Colour Images with Proposed Arnold Chaotic Map and Optimized Curvelet Transform
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Optimized Curvelet Transform
		3.2 3-Level Discrete Wavelet Transform
		3.3 Watermark Extraction
		3.4 Self-improved Aquila Optimization (SIAO) for Optimal Scaling Factor
		3.5 Solution Encoding and Objective Function
		3.6 Expected Outcome
		3.7 Conclusion
	References
Block Chain Driven Intelligent Communication System for IoT
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Blockchain
		1.2 Internet of Things (IOT)
	2 Review of Literature
		2.1 IOT Blockchain Framework
		2.2 The Role of BC (Block Chain) in IoT (Internet of Things)
		2.3 Challenges on Internet of Things
		2.4 Blockchain for 5G Beyond in IoT
	3 Conclusion
	References
Face Recognition-Based Automated Attendance System for Educational Institutions Utilizing Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Workflow of the System
		3.2 System Architecture
		3.3 Algorithm of the System
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Dataset Creation Process
		4.2 Face Detection Process
		4.3 Face Recognition Process
		4.4 Attendance Update Process
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Recommendations and Conclusion
	References
Segmentation of Gujarati Handwritten Characters and Numerals with and Without Modifiers from the Scanned Document
	1 Introduction
	2 Background of Gujarati Script
	3 Dataset Collection
	4 Methodological Analysis
		4.1 Image Acquisition
		4.2 Preprocessing
		4.3 Line Segmentation
		4.4 Box Segmentation
	5 Proposed CNN for Character Recognition
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Crop Yield Prediction and Climate Change Impact Assessment Using Machine Learning Technology in Agriculture
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Role of Deep Learning in Agriculture
		1.2 Identification of Crop Yield
		1.3 Agriculture’s Effect on Global Warming
	2 Review of Literature
		2.1 Machine Learning Techniques in Agriculture
		2.2 Crop Yield Prediction: A global Need
		2.3 Techniques for Predicting Crop Yields via Machine Learning
	3 Conclusion
	References
Transformation of Data Flow Diagram (DFD) to Petri Net
	1 Introduction
	2 Petri Net
	3 Data Flow Diagram
	4 Related Work
	5 Petri DFD Model
		5.1 Petri DFD Model Components
		5.2 Case Study of Train Ticket Reservation System
	6 Conclusion
	References
Investigating OTT Subscription Intention Antecedents: A Review of Online Entertainment Motivations
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Development and Usage of OTT Services
		1.2 War of Content
	2 Research Gaps
	3 Research Objectives and Methodology
		3.1 Research Objectives
		3.2 Research Hypotheses and Methodology
	4 Data Analysis and Interpretation
	5 Conclusion
		5.1 Managerial Implications
		5.2 Limitations
	References
Analogizing the Role of IoT and Data Analytics for Smart Irrigation and Aquaculture
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Existing Work
	2 Proposed Methodology
	3 Role of Networking in IoT
	4 IoT and Data Analytics for Irrigation and Aquaculture
		4.1 IoT Devices
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Air Quality Index Prediction  of Bangalore City Using Various Machine Learning Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Algorithms and Models to Be Used
		3.1 Support Vector Machines
		3.2 Multiple Linear Regression
		3.3 Decision Tree
		3.4 Random Forest
		3.5 AdaBoost
		3.6 XGBoost
		3.7 Stacking Ensemble
		3.8 Artificial Neural Networks
	4 Implementation Methodology
		4.1 Data Collection
		4.2 Data Preprocessing
		4.3 Performance Evaluation
		4.4 Model Building
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
		6.1 Conclusion
		6.2 Future Scope
	References
Discrimination Between Fake and Real Emotion Using Modified CNN Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Functional Block Diagram of Proposed Method
		3.1 Dataset Gathering
		3.2 Pre-processing
		3.3 Feature Extraction
		3.4 Convolutional Neural Network
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Validation of the Best NET
		4.2 Standard Model for Fake Emotion Detection
	5 Result and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Clean Room System for Malware Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Isolated Area
		3.2 Knowledge Connection Area
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Quantitative Assessment and Prediction of Ocean Plastic Motivating Actions to Mitigation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Constraints
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Comprehensive Survey of Deep Learning Applications in the Diagnosis of Epilepsy
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Research Motivation
		1.2 Research Contribution
		1.3 Organization
	2 Literature Survey/Approaches Used for Brain Diagnosis
	3 Datasets Used for Brain Diagnosis
	4 Performance Comparison
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Privacy Preserving Algorithm for Blockchain-Based IOT System
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Implementation
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis of ML Techniques for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology
		2.1 Feature Extraction
		2.2 Spectrum Sensing Using ML Regression Techniques
		2.3 Performance Matrix
	3 Implementation Results
	4 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
A Fake News Classification and Identification Model Based on Machine Learning Approach
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Definition and Motivation
		1.2 Key Objectives
		1.3 Our Contributions
		1.4 Paper Outline
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Algorithms
	3 Proposed Work
		3.1 Data Preprocessing and Analysis
		3.2 Methodology
		3.3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Blockchain Technology in Healthcare
	1 Introduction
	2 Blockchain
		2.1 Advantages of the Blockchain Technology in Healthcare
		2.2 Blockchain Technology’s Risks in Healthcare
	3 Blockchain’s Requirement in Healthcare
		3.1 Bibliometric Analysis
	4 Blockchain’s Potential to Aid Healthcare
	5 Blockchain Technology Realization of a Single Workflow Process
	6 Healthcare Blockchain Applications
	7  Summary
	References
Review on Blockchain in Bitcoin Security
	1 Introduction
	2 Blockchain Technology Features
		2.1 Decentralization
		2.2 Network Distribution
	3 Synopsis of Blockchain Technology
	4 Blockchain’s Classification
		4.1 Public Blockchain
		4.2 Private Blockchain
		4.3 Consortium Blockchain
	5 Privacy and Security Properties of Blockchain
	6 Working on Bitcoin Blockchain
		6.1 The Bitcoin Blockchain
		6.2 Blocks
		6.3 Bitcoin Mining
		6.4 Halving
		6.5 Keys and Wallets
		6.6 Keys
		6.7 Wallets
		6.8 Bitcoin Transactions
		6.9 Bitcoin Security
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Statistical Analysis of the Contribution of Enrollment Process Toward Quality of Higher Education in the State of Uttarakhand
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Contributions of This Paper
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Questionnaire
		3.2 Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Test
		3.3 Factor Analysis
		3.4 TOPSIS Method-Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution
	4 Results and Conclusion
	References
Optimal Route Locator Mobile App for Timber Depots Using Shortest Path Algorithms
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Basic Concepts of the Work
		1.2 Motivation
		1.3 Problem Statement
		1.4 Objectives
		1.5 Organization
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 Architecture
		3.2 Methodology
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Risk Prediction Near Dams of Krishna River Using GIS and Real Time Flooding Data
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Basic Concepts of the Work
		1.2 GoogleMyMaps
		1.3 Motivation
		1.4 Problem Statement
		1.5 Objectives
		1.6 Organization
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 Architecture
		3.2 Methodology
		3.3 Algorithms
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Challenges in IoT in Higher Education
	1 Introduction
	2 Challenges in IoT in Higher Education
	3 Components of IoT
	4 Future of IoT in Higher Education
	5 Research Interval
	6 Results and Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis and Optimization of Cross Platform Application Development Using React Native
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Description of Technologies
		2.1 JavaScript
		2.2 React Native
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Chrome Debugger Tools
		3.2 Hermes
		3.3 Flipper
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Exploring Cyber Security Issues in the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) with Potential Improvements
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation
		1.2 Background
		1.3 Research Contributions
		1.4 Outline
	2 IoHT Applications and Services
		2.1 iTBra
		2.2 Infusion Pump
		2.3 Pacemaker
		2.4 Smart Inhaler
		2.5 Blood Pressure Monitor
	3 Existing Security Solutions and Research Gaps
		3.1 Existing Solutions
		3.2 Research Challenges
	4 Proposed Solution
		4.1 iTBra
		4.2 Infusion Pump
		4.3 Pacemaker
		4.4 Smart Inhaler
		4.5 Blood Pressure Monitor
	5 Summary and Future Directions
	References
Predictive Analysis of Energy Consumption for Energy Management in Smart Homes
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology and Flow of the Proposed Work
	4 Discussion and Preprocessing of the Dataset
	5 Predictive Modeling of the Smart Home Dataset
	6 Discussion and Visualization of the Results
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Detection of Fake Reviews on Products Using Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Overview
	3 Proposed System Architecture
	4 Implementation
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
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Deep Learning Technique to Analyze and Perceive Traffic Sign in the Intelligent Transport System
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Mandatory Signs
		1.2 Cautionary Signs
		1.3 Informative Signs
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Input Data
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Splitting of the Images
		3.4 CNN Deep Learning Architecture
		3.5 Convolutional Layer
		3.6 Pooling Layer
		3.7 Fully Connected Layer
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Training Time
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Power Quality Conditioner with Fuzzy Logic Controller
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Block Diagram of UPQC
	3 Mathematical Modeling of the Reference Generation Techniques
		3.1 The UVT Reference Generation Techniques
		3.2 The p-q Theory Reference Generation Techniques
	4 Results and Analysis
		4.1 PI Controller
		4.2 Shunt Filter Operation
		4.3 Series Filter Operations
		4.4 Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC)
	5 Conclusions
	References
Task Offloading Using Queuing Theory in Fog-Assisted IoMT
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Problem Foundation
		3.1 The Three-Layer Architecture
		3.2 System Model
		3.3 Mathematical Modeling
	4 Proposed Methodology
		4.1 Classification of Task at IoMT Gateway
		4.2 Choosing an Appropriate Data Structure
		4.3 Z-Factor Offloading Algorithm
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare Systems—A Bird View
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problems
	2 Objectives
	3 Literature Review
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Analytical Demonstrating AI in Health care
	5 Key Factors
	6 Benefits of AI in Health care
		6.1 Providing a User-Centered Experience
		6.2 Improvement of Operational Efficiency
		6.3 Various Healthcare Data Connections
	7 AI Applications in Health care
		7.1 Supporting Clinical Decisions
		7.2 Improving Primary Care and Triage with Chatbots
		7.3 Robotic Operation
		7.4 Virtual Nursing Assistants
		7.5 Support for Exact Diagnosis
		7.6 Minimizing the Burden of Using EHR
	8 Conclusion
	9 Future Scope
	References
Automation Testing Using Different Tools
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Procedure to Follow to Start Test Automation
	4 System Architecture
		4.1 User Layer
		4.2 Test Stand Layer
		4.3 LabVIEW
		4.4 CANoe, XCP, CAPL
		4.5 VT System, VNbox, Wiring Harness, ECU, POT System
	5 Results
		5.1 Mapped Signals
		5.2 Definitions
		5.3 Testcase
		5.4 Teststand Execution Window
		5.5 Report Window
	6 Advantages
	7 Conclusion
	References
Neural Network Design to Determine Variables Affecting Poultry Growth
	1 Introduction
	2 Instrumentation and IoT Platform
	3 LTSM Net
	4 Design of the Website
	5 Conclusions
	References
Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Driving
	1 Introduction
	2 Important Architectures for Semantic Segmentation
		2.1 Fully Convolutional Networks
		2.2 SegNet
		2.3 DeepLab
	3 Segmentation for Autonomous Vehicles
		3.1 RTFNet
		3.2 FuseSeg
	4 Real-Time Semantic Segmentation Architectures
		4.1 ERFNet
		4.2 FSSNet
	5 Open Challenges, Questions, and Research Gaps
	6 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Heart Signal Using Variational Mode Decomposition
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Variational Mode Decomposition
	4 Dataset and Methodology
	5 Feature Extraction
		5.1 Energy
		5.2 Variance and Standard Deviation
	6 Classification
	7 Results
	8 Conclusion
	References
N-Gram-Based Legal Parameters Retrieval: The State-of-the-Art and Future Research Trends of Indian Judiciary
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Differential Privacy and Its Challenges: A Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Differential Privacy
		3.1 Probability Distribution Mechanisms to Satisfy ε-Differential Privacy
		3.2 Types of Differential Privacy
		3.3 Issues with Differential Privacy
	4 Comparison of Differential Privacy with Other Privacy-Preserving Techniques
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Determination of Resonant Modes of Equilateral Triangular Metallic Cavity
	1 Introduction
	2 Cavity Configuration
	3 Theoretical Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Investigation of Miniaturized Microstrip Patch Antenna for Metamaterial Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Configuration
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Study of Breast Cancer Identification with Deep Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Techniques for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
	3 Dataset and Pre-processing
	4 Types of Image Modalities for Breast Cancer Identification
	5 Evaluation Metrics and Result Discussion
	6 Research Directions and Challenges
	7 Conclusion
	References
Secure XML Parsing Pattern for Prevention of XML Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Approach: Secure XML Parser Security Pattern
		3.1 Detection and Prevention of XML Attacks Due to Insertion of Malicious Characters and Strings
		3.2 Detection and Prevention of XML Attacks Due to Oversize Documents
		3.3 Detection and Prevention of XML Attacks Due to Tampered Schema
		3.4 Detection and Prevention of XML Attacks Due to Misconfiguration
	4 Experiments, Results, and Analysis
		4.1 StAX
		4.2 SAX
		4.3 Xerces
		4.4 W3cDocument, Jdom, Dom4j
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Performance Evaluation of CNN Models for Face Detection and Recognition with Mask
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology
		2.1 Face Mask Detection
		2.2 Face Recognition with Mask
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Results of Face Mask Detection
		3.3 Results of Face Recognition with Mask
	4 Conclusion
	References
Crop Specific Cultivation Recommendation System Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Method
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Dataset Description
		4.2 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Information and Communication Technology in Transit Signal Priority Systems: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Transit Signal Priority and ICT
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Author Index