Informal Learning and Institution-wide Language Provision: University Language Learners in the 21st Century (New Language Learning and Teaching Environments)

Acknowledgements
About This Book
	Bibliography
Prologue
	Becoming a Researcher in Applied Linguistics
	References
Contents
Acronyms and Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
I Theoretical Views on the Contemporary L2 Learner
1 Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST)
	1 Initial Conditions
	2 Non-linearity
	3 Dynamism
	4 Attractor States and the Search for Stability in a System
	5 Emergence
	6 Coadaptation, Self-Organisation and Phase Shifts
	7 Complex Dynamic Systems Theory and Language Learning
	8 Methodological Considerations in Complex Dynamic Systems Theory
	9 Other Theories of L2 Development and Complex Dynamic Systems
	References
2 The Triple-A of L2 Learning: Autonomy, Ability and Attachment
	1 Autonomy in General Theories of Motivation
	2 Autonomy in the Applied Linguistics Literature
	3 The Skills of the Contemporary Language Learner in Higher Education
		3.1 Self-Efficacy
		3.2 Self-Direction and Autonomy in Learning
		3.3 Digital Literacy
		3.4 L2 Competence
	4 Relatedness
		4.1 Attachment
		4.2 Relevance of Adult Attachment Theory for Contemporary Language Learners in Higher Education
		4.3 Social Agents and Action-Oriented Learning
	5 Conclusion on Self-Determination
	References
3 Portrait of Two Contemporary Language Learners in Higher Education
	1 Hadi, May 2018
	2 Corentin, April 2016
	Reference
II Contexts of Contemporary Language Development
4 Institution-Wide Language Provision
	1 ESP, CLIL and Other Classroom-Based Arrangements: Targeting Student-Centred Language Through Content-Based Teaching
	2 The Thorny Issue of B2 Target Levels
	3 Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL): Disciplinary Education as a Foundation for Language Learning
	References
5 Targeting Student-Centred Language Through Self-Access
	1 Self-Access/Language Resource Centres
	2 IWLP at the University of Strasbourg
	3 University Language Centres and Pedagogies as Seen by Students
	4 Relevance of Self-Access for Language Learning in Higher Education
	References
6 Students Outside the System:  Informal Learning
	1 Informal Digital Learning of English (from OILE to IDLE)
	2 Definitions and Terms
	3 Practices
	4 Acquisitions
	5 The Lexicon from American Series
	6 Other Lexical and Grammatical Acquisitions
	7 Effects on Pronunciation
	8 Strategies, Resource Use and Identity
	9 The (Special) Place of Music
	10 Initial Conclusions Regarding the Online Informal Learning of English
	References
7 Teaching Language to Contemporary Learners in Higher Education
	1 Pedagogical Presence
	2 Socio-Emotional Presence
	3 Mediators of Speech
	4 Drawing Together Research on Language Learning from Both LRC and OILE Contexts—Conclusion to Part II
	References
III University Language Learners in the 21st Century
8 A Portrait of Contemporary Language Learners in Higher Education
	1 From Modelling to Profiling
	2 Cllohé
	3 A Complex and Composite Profile
	References
Appendix: 2014 Questionnaire
Bibliography
Index