Industry 4.0 and Intelligent Business Analytics for Healthcare

Contents
Preface
Part I. Industry 4.0 and Healthcare
Chapter 1
Human Computer Interface Trends in Healthcare: Industry 4.0 View
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Human Computer Interaction
	Core Components of Industry 4.0
	Core Principles of Industry 4.0
	Drivers and Challenges for Healthcare 4.0
	Approach: Technologies of Industry 4.0 in Healthcare
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 2
Role of Urban Control Centers
for City Planning and Monitoring
in a Pandemic Outbreak
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Emergency-Prone Atmosphere of Cities
	Metropolitan Data Management for Improved Responsivity
	COVID-19 Endemic Perspective
	Decision-Making Data during a Pandemic
	Processing of Massive Data
	Smart City Future Innitiatives
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3
Industry 4.0 for Promoting Health Inclusion  in Emerging Markets: A Systematic Study of Narayana Healthcare, India
	Abstract
	Introduction
		Health Care 1.0 to Health Care 4.0
	Literature Review
	Technology Integration in Health Care Sector in the Frame Work of Industry 4.0
	Research Gap and Objectives of the Chapter
	Business Model Filling the Institutional Voids
	Implementation of Industry 4.0 for Health Inclusion
	Scale Driven Model: The Road Ahead
	Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Chapter 4
Bitcoin Mining and Its Utility in the  Healthcare Sector
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Bitcoin
	Conceptual Model for Bitcoin Mining in Healthcare
		The Bitcoin Blockchain
		Attributes of Blockchain
		How Blockchain Works
		Bitcoin Mining
	Bitcoin Operational Framework
		How to Start Bitcoin Mining?
		How does Bitcoin Mining Works?
	Hashing
	Bitcoin Mining Hardware
	Selecting Best Bitcoin Miners
	Bitcoin Mining Software
	Hashing Algorithms
		Various Types of Algorithms
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5
Vocational Training and Integrative Technology in Neurodiverse Workforce
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Theoretical Background
		The Neurodiversity Paradigm
		Principles
		In Practice
	Classification and Development of Neurodiverse Population
		Autism Spectrum Disorder
		Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
	Applied Integrative Technology for Neurodiverse Individuals
	Skill Acquisition, Life Skills, and Independency for Neurodiverse Workforce
		Skill Acquisition
		Life Skills
		Independency
	The Neurodiverse Workforce
		Neurodiversity at Workplace
		Strength-Based Approach
	Challenges Around Neurodiversity and Work
	Recruiting for Neurodiversity
	References
Chapter 6
Use of Some Standard Mathematical Models  in Physiology and Pathology
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Objective of Mathematical Modelling
	Role of Mathematical Models in the Study  of Brain Injury Problems
		Model I: Mathematical Model of Brain Injury Problem When the Cranium Is Subjected to an Angular Acceleration
		Model 2: Mathematical Model of Brain Injury Problem When the Outermost Surface of the Cranium Is Subjected to  a Time-Dependent Impulsive Force
	Role of Mathematical Models in the Study of Blood Flow Through an Atherosclerotic Arterial Segment
		Model 3: Mathematical Model of Multiple Stenoses in the Human Artery Taking H-B Model for Blood
		Model 4: Mathematical Model of Multiple and Overlapped Stenoses in the Human Artery Taking Bingham Plastic Fluid Model for Blood
		Model 5: Mathematical Model for Population Growth in India  Using ODE
		Model 6: Mathematical Model for Decaying of the Absorption of a Medicine in Human Rheological System with ODE
		Model 7: Mathematical Model for the Spread of a Disease Growing or Decaying Exponentially
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7
Training Healthcare Professionals in  Artificial Intelligence Augmented Services
	Abstract
	Introduction
		The Need for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Practice
	New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence Augmented Healthcare
		Streamlining Hospital Workflows
		Administrative Tasks of Physicians
		Clinical Decision-Making Support
		Medical Imaging
		Diagnostic Pathology
		Precision Medicine
		Population Medicine
	Legal and Ethical Challenges
	A Need to ‘Reboot’ Medical Education
	AI in Medical Education: A Snapshot
	Tighter Integration of Medical Education
	Mitigating Apprehension
	Conclusion
	References
Part 2. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Healthcare
Chapter 8
Healthcare Sector and Use of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Modern Times
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
	Conformity Concerns Occurring from Application of Artificial Intelligence to Medical Technologies
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 9
Prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases Using Data Mining - Machine Learning and  Deep Learning System
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Literature Review
		Heart
	Structure of the Heart
		Heart Wall
		Chambers
		Valves
		Pericardium
		Left Heart and Right Heart
		Blood Circulation and Nerve Supply of the Heart
		Development of the Heart
	Types of Heart Diseases
		Ischaemic
		Valvular
		Pericardial
		Congenital
		Arrhythmias
		Failure
	Tools and Machines Used for Diagnosis
		General Examination
		EchoCG
		Imaging
		Blood Test
		Electrocardiogram (ECG)
	Symptoms, Causes and Factors Which Are Likely to  Cause a Risk
		Symptoms
		Causes
		Risk Factors
	Data Mining
	Machine Learning
		Naïve Bayes Algorithm
		Decision Trees
		Support Vector Machine Algorithm
		Logistic Regression
		Random Forest Classifier Algorithm
	Deep Learning
	Neural Networks
	Proposed System through Machine Learning and  Deep Learning
		Parameters Used to Achieve the Output
	Machine Learning Application Results Explained with  Sample Outputs
	ECG Deep Learning and Imaging
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10
Artificially Intelligent Queueing Modeling Approach to Analyzing and Improving  Health Care Systems
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Model Assumptions
	Materials and Methods
		Queueing Model
		M/M/1 Model
		Single Server Queueing Model
		Multi-Server Queuing Model
		Service Time
		Busy Period
		Idle Period
	Artificial Intelligence
		Artificial Neural Network Approach
			Queuing Model Analysis
	Supervised and Unsupervised Learning
		Supervised Training
		Unsupervised Training
		Training Set
		Test Set
		Prediction of Results
	Validation
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11
Clientele Perception and Trust on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Health Services
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Background and Theories
		AI Integrated Health Services
		Ethical Principles
		Trust and Perception
	Methodology
	Data Analysis
	Results
		Preliminary Survey: Trust Rating
	Qualitative Analysis: Clientele Perceptions
		Awareness and Knowledge of AI Health Services
		Perception on AI-Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment
		Perception on Independent AI Diagnosis and Treatment
		Perception on AI-Integrated Hospital Systems
	Conclusion and Recommendation
	Appendix
	References
Chapter 12
Leveraging Deep Learning:  Early Detection and Prediction of  Brain Disorders
	Abstract
	Introduction
		Introduction to Deep Learning
		Fundamentals of Deep Learning
		Neural Networks
		Artificial Intelligence (AI)
		Machine Learning
	Deep Learning in Neurology
		Application of Machine Learning and Deep Learning in the Detection and Prediction of Various Brain Disorders
	Applications in Medical Domain
		Medical Image Classification
		Medical Image Segmentation
		Classification of Brain Disorders and Functional Connectivity
	Data Reconstruction Techniques
		Image Reconstruction
		Signal Enhancement
		Cross-Modality Image Synthesis
	Proposed Framework for Early Detection and Prediction of Neurological Disorder
		Software Requirements
		Parameters Used to Achieve the Output
	Machine Learning Application Results
		Random Forest Classifier
	Deep Learning Example
	Clinical Significance
	Future Trends
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Part 3. COVID-19, Healthcare and Technology
Chapter 13
COVID-19 Pandemic: Recovery and  Death Ratio Analysis Based on  Latitude Using Correlation and ANOVA
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Background
	COVID-19 Pandemic
	ANOVA
	Research Methodology
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 14
Pillars of a Corruption Free Economically Strong Healthcare Industry during COVID-19:  Artificial Intelligence  and Global Connectivity
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Literature Review
		Objectives
		Hypothesis
	Research Methodology
	Analysis and Findings
		GDP-AI (Index): Artificial Intelligence Usage and  Gross Domestic Product
		Global Connectivity Index (GCI) and Corruption Perception Index (CPI)
		Healthcare Free from Corruption Index (GCI_CPI_HCI)
	Conclusion
	Practical Implications
	References
Chapter 15
Analyzing COVID-19 and Other Pandemics through Human-Computer Interaction
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Challenges Posed by Pandemics
	Role of HCI In Pandemics
		Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) -2003
		(H1N1) Influenza -2009
		Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) – 2013
		COVID 19 -2019
	Result
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 16
Electronic Health Records  and Challenges in Human  Computer Interaction
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Challenges of Electronic Health Records
	Addressing the Challenges
		Display of Information
		Overload of Cognition
		Poor Navigation
		Conflict with the Workflow
		Functionality Support
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 17
A Novel Model to Anticipate Transparency in COVID-19 Records of India Using Blockchain
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Background
	Proposed Blockchain Based Model
	to Anticipate Transparency
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 18
Applications and Implementation of Contactless Hand Sanitizer Using  Proximity Sensor
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Use and Importance of Technology during Pandemic Time
	Need and Consumption of Sanitizer Worldwide
	Hardware Requirement
		Infrared Sensor
		TIP32C or BD140 Transistor
		1k Resistor
		18650 Double Battery Holder
		6V Water Pump
		Aquarium Tube
		18650 Batteries
		Coffee Jar
	Circuit Diagram: Sensor Based Contactless Hand Sanitizer
		Placement of the Circuit
		Testing of Infrared Proximity Sensor
	Result and Understanding
	Conclusion
	References
About the Editors
About the Contributors
Index
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