Industry 4.0 and Advanced Manufacturing: Proceedings of I-4AM 2022

Preface
Major Sponsors
About This Book
Contents
About the Editors
Controls, Autonomous Systems, Robotics
Articulated Robotic Arm for Feeding
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Design of the Arm
	5 Manufacturing and Assembly
	6 Motion Planning
	7 Simulation Results
	8 Image Processing
	9 GUI Application
	10 Conclusion
	References
Autonomous Navigation for Mobile Robots with Sensor Fusion Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Approach and Implementation
		2.1 Vision System Implementation
		2.2 LiDAR Sensor Integration
		2.3 Robot Motion Using Four-Wheel Mecanum Drive
		2.4 Mapping Environment Using GMapping
		2.5 ROS Navigation Stack
		2.6 Vision-Based Pseudo Laser Node
		2.7 Sensor Fusion: Laser Scan Merger
		2.8 Implementation of Fused Sensor Outputs
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design of Robotic Model Using White Line Sensor-Based Autonomous Carrier Robot in Industrial Applications: Task and Performances for Validation
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Problem Definition
		2.2 Constructive Equipment of Industrial Robotic Model
		2.3 Mechanism and Configured Sensor
		2.4 Configuration and Working Scheme
		2.5 Configuration of Accessory and Applications
	3 Industrial Prototype Maps
		3.1 Typical Functional Layout: Prototype Map and Target
		3.2 Retrofitting Problems and Rectification
	4 Implementation in Real-Time Monitoring
		4.1 General Hospital U.T. of Puducherry, South India
		4.2 Government Hospital Workflow Diagram
		4.3 Programming
		4.4 Typical Forward Movement Algorithm
	5 Conclusions
	References
Volume Decomposition of Faceted Models to Minimize Post-processing Issues for Multi-robots Collaborative Material Extrusion Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Example Test Parts
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Feature Edge Identification
		3.2 Concave–Convex Edge Categorization
		3.3 Build Direction Identification
		3.4 Multi-directional Sub-volumes Decomposition
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Digital Manufacturing
Optimum Scheduling and Routing of Material Through Computational Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Scheduling and Routing Techniques
	3 Software Development Through Python and XML
		3.1 Libraries Deployed
		3.2 Data Collection and Handling
		3.3 Sample of Code Deployed
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Insights and Conclusion
	References
Design of a Common Bulkhead Dome for Cryogenic Stage
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of a CBH Dome
	3 Manufacturing Feasibility
		3.1 Manufacturing of an Al Face Sheet Dome from the Sheet Metal
		3.2 Bending Core Materials and Bonding Them to a Face Sheet Dome
		3.3 Non-destructive Testing (NDT) for Defects
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Implementation of Simulation Practices for Plant Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methods
	3 Case Study
	4 Case Study Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Industrial Application of Augmented Reality: Maintenance of Multi-process Robotic Cell
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Need of Maintenance and AR
		2.2 System Information
		2.3 Identified Critical Stations
		2.4 Maintenance Steps for Commonly Known Issues of Screw Feeder
	3 Implementation of Augmented Reality for Maintenance
		3.1 AR Framework
		3.2 Software and Hardware Used
	4 Results and Implementation in Physical World
	5 Conclusion
	References
Augmented Reality Implementation for Fault Diagnosis on Robotic Welding Cell
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System
		2.1 Hardware and Software Components
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Impact of Additive Manufacturing in SMEs
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Industry 4.0 and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
		2.2 Additive Manufacturing
	3 Research Perspective and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Industry 4.0
Application of Graph Theory Approach for Analyzing IoT Challenges in Maintenance Parameters Monitoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Research Gaps
	3 Methodology
	4 Case Study
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Practical and Managerial Implications
	7 Conclusions, Limitations, and Future Research Directions
	References
Machine Learning Techniques for Smart Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Welding
	3 Molding
	4 Machining
	5 Forming
	6 Conclusion
	References
Data Acquisition and Data Visualization Framework for Smart Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Acquisition
		2.2 OPC-UA Communication
		2.3 Data Visualization
		2.4 Intranet Deployment
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
An Innovative Cryptosystem for Needham–Schroeder Authentication Protocols for Tertiary Industries
	1 Introduction
	2 Communication Authentication Protocols
	3 Analysis
		3.1 Protocol-1
		3.2 Protocol-2
	4 Applications
	5 Conclusion
	References
Impact of Smart Incoming Inspection System on the Production, in a Medical Device Manufacturing MSME
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature
	3 Methodology
	4 Experimentation
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
What is Industry 4.0 for India?
	1 What is Industry 4.0?
	2 Benefits and Threats of Industry 4.0
	3 Key Technologies and Elements of Industry 4.0 and Their Influence on Competitiveness
	4 Degree of Implementation of Industry 4.0 in an Entity
	5 Degree of Automation in an Enterprise
	6 General Issues in India with Current Models
	7 Analysis of Indian Industrial Sectors for Suitability and Readiness for Industry 4.0
	8 Implications for Awareness and Training
	9 Implications for Research, Innovation and Practice
	10 Samarth Udyog Bharat 4.0
	11 Summary and Conclusions
	Appendix
	Appendix 1 Enterprise Level Industry 4.0: Degree of Implementation of Industry 4.0 (Partly Auto: Partly Autonomous; Fully Auto: Fully Autonomous)
	Appendix 2 Manufacturing Level Industry 4.0 (Partly Auto: Partly Autonomous; Fully Auto: Fully Autonomous)
	Appendix 3 Automation Matrix and Assessment of Degree of Automation of a Manufacturing System
	Appendix 4 Alternative Situations and Their Suitability for Adopting Industry 4.0 (Situ No: Situation Number; Awa: Awareness of I4.0 Offerings; Com: Availability of Competence to Adopt Industry 4.0; Aff: Affordability of I4.0 Offerings; Val: Value of I4.0 Offerings; Soc Sus: Social Sustainability of I4.0 Offerings; Eco Sus: Ecological Sustainability of I4.0 Offerings)
	References
Materials Processing and Joining
Machining Characteristics Study of Ti-Al2O3 (20 Vol.% of Ti Added as Alumina Fiber into Titanium Matrix) Composite Material While Undergoing WEDM Operation
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedure
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Effect of the Input Parameters on Surface Roughness (Ra)
		3.2 Effect of the Input Parameters on Material Removal Rate (MRR)
		3.3 Effect of the Process Parameters on Kerf Width
		3.4 Effect of the Process Parameters on Overcut
		3.5 Experimental Observation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and Development of Miniature Low-Cost Vacuum Setup for Sand Casting
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Design and Development of Low-Cost Vacuum Setup
		2.2 Vacuum Sand Casting Process
		2.3 Casting Quality
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Evacuation of Vacuum Chamber
		3.2 Porosity
		3.3 Mechanical Properties
		3.4 Microstructure Characterization
	4 Conclusion
	References
Technology Selection for Additive Manufacturing in Industry 4.0 Scenario Using Hybrid MCDM Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Research Gap
	3 Case Study
		3.1 Fuzzy AHP
		3.2 Fuzzy VIKOR Approach
		3.3 Proposing Compromise Solution
		3.4 Implications
	4 Conclusion
	References
Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures on Woven Kevlar Fabric and Impact of Hydrothermal Conditions on Growth of Nanorods
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Preprocessing of WKF for Growth of ZnO NSs
		2.3 Synthesis of ZnO Seed Solution
		2.4 Synthesis of ZnO Growth Solution
		2.5 Fabrication of ZnO/WKF/Epoxy Composites
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 X-ray Diffraction
		3.2 Morphological Studies of Grown ZnO NSs
	4 Potential Applications
	5 Conclusions
	References
Modeling and Optimization of RLT in Laser Trepanned ZTA Plate
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Modeling
		3.2 Optimization
	4 Conclusions
	References
Assessing Suitability of Obsolete Parts for Additive Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Assumptions—Defining Obsolescence
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Potential Value of Part for AM (F1)
		3.2 Obsolescence of Part (A)
		3.3 Feasibility of Part (M)
		3.4 Potential Inventory Savings (S)
		3.5 Criticality and Complexity of Part (C)
		3.6 Stage 2: Aligning to User Goals
	4 Case Study
	5 Discussion and Future Work
	6 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Analysis on Influence of Clamping Force on Distortions of S235 Tube-Plate Joints
	1 Introduction
	2 Thermal Analysis
	3 Finite Element Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Development of an Ultra-High Speed Micro-Milling Center: An FEM Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Model Validation
	3 Model Configurations
		3.1 Modeling of the Linear Stages
	4 Performance Evaluation of Both the Configurations in FEM
		4.1 Static Structural Analysis
		4.2 Modal Analysis
		4.3 Harmonic Response Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Effect of Print Speed and Build Orientation on Tensile Strength of FDM 3D Printed PLA Specimens
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Survey
	2 Methodology
		2.1 CAD Model
		2.2 Rapid Prototyping of Specimens
		2.3 Tensile Test
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Summary
	References
Processing of Cementitious Materials for 3D Concrete Printing
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Research at IITG on 3DCP
		2.1 3D Concrete Printer and Process Flow
		2.2 Materials, Mix Design and Mixing Procedure
		2.3 3D Printability Test Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
3D Printing for Fauna Research—Peeping into the Third Dimension with a Prototype Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Aims and Objectives
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Segmentation
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Comparison of Two Different Non-coupled Multi-Step Simulation Techniques for Strength Prediction of an Electromagnetically Crimped Cu-SS Tube-To-Tube Joint with Smooth Interface
	1 Introduction
	2 Working Principle
	3 First Non-coupled Multi-step Simulation Model
	4 Second Non-coupled Multi-step Simulation Model
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Policy and Entrepreneurship
Understanding Appropriate Teaching Pedagogy for Startup Entrepreneurship
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Evolving New-Age Start-Up Education
	2 Discussion
	3 Conclusion and Scope for Future Research
	References
Overview of Multi-Stakeholder Approaches and Initiatives for Achieving Sustainable Development in the Residential Sector
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology
	4 Identified Stakeholders, Their Roles, and Existing Government Policies
		4.1 Policy Outlook Under Housing Sector
		4.2 Initiatives Under the Housing Sector
		4.3 Policy Outlook for the Energy Sector
		4.4 Initiatives Under the Energy Sector
		4.5 Building Material and Technology
		4.6 Introduction to Innovative Technologies
		4.7 Incentives for Green Building Construction
		4.8 Schools of Thought
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Entrepreneurship for Differently-Abled People: Getting Ahead with the Help of Assistive Technology and Policy Support
	1 Background
	2 Methodology
	3 From Possibility to Practice
	4 Not a Forced Choice
	5 Assistive Technology Up-Gradation and Government Intervention Through Policy Support
	6 The Indian Scenario
	7 Discussion
	8 Conclusion
	References
Does University Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Entrepreneurship Education Affect the Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention/Startup Intention?
	1 Introduction
	2 Need and Importance of This Study
	3 Literature Review and Hypotheses Development
		3.1 Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
		3.2 University Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Entrepreneurial Intention
		3.3 Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention
	4 Objectives
	5 Research Questions
	6 Methodology
		6.1 Data Collection
		6.2 Data Analysis
	7 Findings and Discussions
	8 Conclusion, Suggestions. Limitations and Future Direction of Work
	References
Types of Designers and How to Develop Them
	1 What Design is and What that Implies
	2 Innovation and Design
	3 Variants of Designing
	4 Evolution of the Idea of the Designer: A Historical Perspective
	5 Types of Designers
	6 Types of ‘Thinking’ (Aspects of Design)
	7 Types of Knowledge Needed for Design
	8 Design Education and Engineering Education
	9 Need for Dedicated Departments/Expertise in Design in Engineering Education
	10 Summary and Conclusions
	References
Supply Chains
A Study on Impact of Industry 4.0 on Supply Chain Efficiency Among Manufacturing Firms
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Research Framework
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Questionnaire
		3.2 Data
		3.3 Analysis Criteria
	4 Data Analysis and Results
		4.1 Reliability and Validity of the Constructs
		4.2 Research Findings
	5 Discussions and Implications
	6 Conclusion and Scope for Future Research
	References
A Literature Review Based Bibliometric Analysis of Supply Chain Analytics
	1 Introduction
	2 Challenges Associated with Supply Chain Management
	3 Role of Analytics in Supply Chain Management
	4 Bibliometric Study of SC Analytics
		4.1 Selection of Research Articles
		4.2 Analysis and Discussion on the Bibliometric Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Shaping a New Shopping Experience for the Post COVID-Era
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Motivation
		2.1 Review of Literature
		2.2 Research Gap
		2.3 Research Questions
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Problem Identification
		3.2 Wireframing Process
		3.3 User Testing (I and II)
	4 User
	5 Observations and Analysis
		5.1 Card Sorting Activity
		5.2 Low Fidelity Design User Testing-1
		5.3 Some Observations from User Testing-1
		5.4 The Need for User Testing-II with an Optimized Wireframe
		5.5 Observations from the Second User Testing-II
	6 Conclusion
	References
Simulation-Based POLCA Integrated QRM Approach for Smart Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
	3 Simulation-Based POLCA Integrated QRM Approach for Intelligent Manufacturing
		3.1 Data Element
		3.2 POLCA Integrated QRM Approach
		3.3 Simulation Model
	4 Results Using Simulation-Based POLCA Integrated QRM Approach
		4.1 Performance Analysis Under Dynamic Conditions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sustainable Manufacturing
Study on Work Posture Assessment Using RODGERS Smart Form in Indian Firework Industries
	1 Introduction
	2 Process Cycle in Firework Industries
	3 Manual Material Handling
		3.1 Manual Handling Injuries and Illness
	4 Ergonomics
		4.1 Problem Identification
		4.2 Case Study
	5 Assessment Tools
		5.1 RODGERS Smart Form
	6 Ergonomic Improvements
		6.1 Engineering Improvements
		6.2 Administrative Improvements
	7 Ergonomic Assessment and Suggestions
		7.1 Raw Material Handling
		7.2 Technical Improvements
	8 Conclusion
	References
Developing a Line of Sustainable Seashell Jewellery and Proposing a Manufacturing Loop to Improve Upon Traditional Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 Need Statement
	3 Background Study
	4 Methodology
	5 Proposition of a Line of Sustainable Seashell Jewellery
	6 Proposition of a Process
	7 Limitations
	8 Merits and Contributions
	9 Future Directions
	References
Sustainable Manufacturing Innovation for Woodturning Handicrafts
	1 Introduction
	2 Handicraft Types: Decorative and Industrial
	3 Field Study
		3.1 About Channapatna
		3.2 The Manufacturing Process
		3.3 The Lathe Machine Operation at Channapatna
	4 Innovation
		4.1 The Design Considerations
		4.2 The TRIZ Matrix
	5 Assessment
	6 Conclusion
	References
Implementing Industry 4.0 and Sustainable Manufacturing: Leading to Smart Factory
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Implementing Industry 4.0
		3.2 Steps for Energy Conservation
	4 Observations and Calculations
		4.1 Sustainable Manufacturing Observations and Calculations
		4.2 Resistance and Energy Calculation
	5 Conclusion
	6 Future Prospectus
	References