Industrial Symbiosis for the Circular Economy: Operational Experiences, Best Practices and Obstacles to a Collaborative Business Approach (Strategies for Sustainability)

Foreword
Contents
Contributors
1 Relating Industrial Symbiosis and Circular Economy to the Sustainable Development Debate
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Bridging Circular Economy and Sustainable Development
	1.3 The Contribution of Industrial Symbiosis to the Sustainable Development Goals
	1.4 Advancing the IS and CE Discussion Within the SD Research Community: The Contribution of the International Sustainable Development Research Society (ISDRS) Conferences
		1.4.1 An Overview of the 2018 ISDRS Conference ‘Actions for a Sustainable World: From Theory to Practice’ in Messina (Italy)
		1.4.2 The Theme Track ‘Circular Economy, Zero Waste and Innovation’
		1.4.3 The Theme Track ‘Industrial Symbiosis, Networking and Cooperation as Part of Industrial Ecology’
	1.5 ‘Industrial Symbiosis for the Circular Economy’: A Book Overview
	1.6 Conclusions
	References
2 Guiding SMEs Towards the Circular Economy: A Case Study
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Methodology
	2.3 Circular Economy Fields of Action
		2.3.1 Guide to Diagnosing and Planning Circular Economy Implementation
	2.4 Case Study
		2.4.1 Performance Diagnosis
		2.4.2 Analysis of Opportunities Derived from CE
		2.4.3 The Design of the Circular Economy Implementation Plan
	2.5 Conclusions
	References
3 Resources Audit as an Effective Tool for the Implementation of Industrial Symbiosis Paths for the Transition Towards Circular Economy
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Resources Audit: The ENEA Methodology
		3.2.1 Data Collection on Resources and on the Production Process
		3.2.2 Searching for Industrial Symbiosis Matches
		3.2.3 Operative Handbooks
		3.2.4 LCA
	3.3 Conclusions
	References
4 Structure and Relationships of Existing Networks in View of the Potential Industrial Symbiosis Development
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Theoretical Background
	4.3 Methods
		4.3.1 Data Sources
		4.3.2 The Analytical Model
	4.4 Networks Morphology Emerged from Case Studies
	4.5 Results and Discussion
		4.5.1 Nodes (Companies) Features
		4.5.2 Ties (Relations) Features
	4.6 Conclusions
	References
5 Industrial Symbiosis for the Circular Economy Implementation in the Raw Materials Sector—The Polish Case
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 EU Policy Promoting Industrial Symbiosis in the Raw Materials Sectors and Its Impact on Mining Waste Management
	5.3 Circular Models for the Mining Sector and Possible Assessment of Mining Waste Management
	5.4 Industrial Symbiosis for Polish Energy Production Based on the Example of Brown Coal (Lignite) Mining
	5.5 Conclusions
	References
6 Towards Sustainable E-Waste Management Through Industrial Symbiosis: A Supply Chain Perspective
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Study Methodology
		6.2.1 Lifecycle of Electronic Items
		6.2.2 Global E-Waste Supply Chain Network
	6.3 Discussion and Analysis
		6.3.1 Proposed Framework for Industrial Symbiosis
		6.3.2 Discussion from the Perspective of Sustainability
	6.4 Conclusions
	References
7 Supply Chain Management for Circular Economy in Latin America: RedES-CAR in Colombia
	7.1 Introduction: Challenges of Sustainability Management in Latin American Firms
	7.2 Supply Chain Mechanisms for Cleaner Production and Industrial Symbiosis Dissemination
		7.2.1 Dissemination of Circular Economy Related Strategies Such as CP and IS
	7.3 The Sustainable Enterprise Network (RedES): Model for Change
		7.3.1 RedES Methodological Pillars
	7.4 The RedES-CAR Programme
		7.4.1 Operating Structure
		7.4.2 Supply Chains Participating in RedES-CAR
		7.4.3 Site Visits: Enhancing Project Design
		7.4.4 Train-the-Trainers: Service Centres and Facilitators
		7.4.5 Dissemination of Outcomes
		7.4.6 Follow up to Cleaner Production and Industrial Symbiosis Implementation
	7.5 RedES-CAR Dissemination Performance
		7.5.1 CP and IS Projects’ Benefits
		7.5.2 Economic and Environmental Benefits
		7.5.3 Organizational Learning
	7.6 Conclusions
	References
8 Emilia-Romagna (Italy) Innovative Experiences on Circular Economy
	8.1 Context
		8.1.1 Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis Framework
		8.1.2 Emilia-Romagna Ecosystem
	8.2 Initiatives Supporting Resource Efficient Industrial Ecosystems in Emilia-Romagna
		8.2.1 Introducing a Cooperation Culture: The “Green—Industrial Symbiosis” Project
		8.2.2 Strengthening Policy Instruments with Interregional Cooperation: The “TRIS” Project
		8.2.3 Promoting Secondary Raw Materials Uptake in the Agri-Food Sector: The “Food Crossing District” Project
	8.3 Lessons Learnt and Conclusions
	References
9 The Role of Collaborative and Integrated Approach Towards a Smart Sustainable District: The Real Case of Roveri Industrial District
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Methods
	9.3 Results
		9.3.1 Innovation in Governance
		9.3.2 Community Engagement and Common Vision for Roveri
		9.3.3 Circular Economy: Industrial Symbiosis Scenarios
		9.3.4 Energy-Saving Solutions
	9.4 Discussion
	9.5 Conclusions
	References
10 ALL YOU CAN’T EAT: Research and Experiences from Agri-Food Waste to New Building Products in a Circular Economy Perspective
	10.1 Glossary
	10.2 Introduction
	10.3 From Agri-Food Waste to New Building Products
		10.3.1 Experiences of International Scientific Literature Relating to Agri-Food Waste
		10.3.2 The Researches Cluster: ALL YOU CAN’T EAT
		10.3.3 CONCRICE
		10.3.4 THERMALMOND
		10.3.5 KERATOSTONE
	10.4 ECOFFI
		10.4.1 Concept and Methodology
		10.4.2 Prototyping
		10.4.3 Testing and Monitoring
		10.4.4 Life Cycle Assessment
		10.4.5 Defining the Supply Chain and the Industrial Symbiosis Process
		10.4.6 Exploring the Market
		10.4.7 Results and Outlook
	10.5 Discussions
	10.6 Conclusions
	References
11 A Sustainable Approach to the Re-use of Biomass: Synergy Between Circular Agroindustry and Biorefinery Models
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Methodology
		11.2.1 The Biorefinery Approach
		11.2.2 Production Process of Biomolecules from Residual Biomass
	11.3 Olea europaea L. (Olive Tree)
	11.4 Vitis Vinifera L. (Grape and by-Products)
	11.5 Castanea Sativa Mill (Sweet Chestnut)
	11.6 Conclusive Considerations
	References
12 Valorization of Agricultural Wastes and Biorefineries: A Way of Heading to Circular Economy
	12.1 Introduction
		12.1.1 Circular Economy, Industrial Symbiosis and Waste Valorization
		12.1.2 New and Sustainable Trends for Agriculture Waste Treatment
		12.1.3 The Bio-based Economy
		12.1.4 Biorefineries
	12.2 A Biorefinery Based on Seeds and Vegetable Wastes
	12.3 A Biorefinery for Food Based in Opuntia Joconostle
		12.3.1 The Main Raw Material for the Biorefinery: Xoconostle
		12.3.2 IPCA and Its Biorefinery Approach
		12.3.3 Valorization of Xoconostle: Industrial Processes and Products Involved
		12.3.4 Rural Enterprises Potential in the Bio-Based and Circular Economy: Barriers and Lessons Learned
	12.4 Agricultural Valorizations in Symbiotic Systems
		12.4.1 The Symbiotic Systems and Their Waste Valorizations in Mexico
		12.4.2 Barriers and Lessons Learned
	12.5 Conclusions
	References