Industrial power distribution and illuminating systems

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Series Page......Page 3
Title Page......Page 8
Copyright Page......Page 9
Preface......Page 10
Table of Contents......Page 12
Part I......Page 20
  1.1 Purpose......Page 22
  1.3 Codes and Standards......Page 23
  1.6 Handbooks and Periodicals......Page 25
  1.7 Manufacturers' Data......Page 26
  2.2 Basic Design Considerations......Page 27
  2.3 Load Survey......Page 29
  2.4 System and Voltage Selection......Page 35
  2.5 Power Systems Studies......Page 36
  2.7 Maintenance......Page 38
  Bibliography......Page 39
  3.2 Voltage Standards for the United States......Page 40
  3.3 Voltage Tolerance Limits......Page 42
  3.4 Definition of Nominal System Voltage......Page 44
  3.5 System Voltage Nomenclature......Page 45
  3.6 Voltage Ratings for Low-Voltage Utilization Equipment......Page 49
  3.7 Phase Voltage Unbalance and Harmonics......Page 53
  Bibliography......Page 55
  4.2 Simple Radial System......Page 56
  4.3 Secondary Selective System......Page 60
  4.4 Primary Selective System......Page 63
  4.5 Looped Primary System......Page 64
  4.6 Secondary Network System......Page 66
  4.7 Selecting a Power Distribution System for an Industrial Plant......Page 70
  Bibliography......Page 72
  5.1 Sources of Fault Current......Page 73
  5.2 Fundamentals of Fault Current Calculations......Page 75
  5.3 Procedures of Calculations......Page 78
  5.4 Examples of Simplified Calculations......Page 81
  5.5 Short-Circuit Ratings of Protective Equipment......Page 99
  Bibliography......Page 103
  6.1 System Grounding......Page 105
  6.2 Equipment Grounding......Page 117
  6.3 Static and Lightning Protection Grounding......Page 121
  6.4 Connection to Earth......Page 125
  Bibliography......Page 128
  7.1 System Behavior and Protection Needs......Page 130
  7.2 Principles of Relaying for Industrial Plants......Page 132
  7.3 Protective Relays and Their Applications......Page 135
  7.4 Protective Devices......Page 156
  7.5 Surge Protection......Page 157
  7.6 Coordination......Page 162
  7.7 Examples of Coordination Study of Protective Devices......Page 164
  Bibliography......Page 169
  8.2 Switching Equipment for Power Circuits......Page 171
  8.3 Switchgear......Page 196
  8.4 Panelboards......Page 208
  8.5 Transformers......Page 209
  8.6 Unit Substations......Page 217
  8.7 Capacitors and Power Factor......Page 220
  8.8 Motors and Motor Controllers......Page 229
  8.9 Instruments and Meters......Page 243
  Bibliography......Page 249
  9.1 Cable......Page 252
  9.2 Connectors and Terminations......Page 276
  9.3 Busway......Page 285
  Bibliography......Page 295
  10.1 Power Problems......Page 297
  10.2 Computer Power Requirements......Page 301
  10.3 Power Conditioners for Computers......Page 305
  10.4 Power Distribution Design Considerations for Computers......Page 315
  Bibliography......Page 323
Part II......Page 324
  11.2 Effects of Voltage Variation on Lamp Life and Its Lumen Output......Page 326
  11.3 Operating Voltage Levels for Illuminating Systems......Page 328
  11.4 Plant Power Distribution Considerations for Lighting Loads......Page 329
  Bibliography......Page 332
  12.1 Basic Considerations for Illuminating Design......Page 333
  12.2 New Concepts in Lighting Design......Page 336
  12.3 Zonal Cavity Method of Lighting Computations......Page 348
  12.4 Point-by-point Lighting Computations......Page 350
  12.5 Computer Programs for Lighting Design......Page 357
  Bibliography......Page 361
  13.2 Factors and Remedies......Page 363
  Bibliography......Page 370
  14.1 Light Sources......Page 371
  14.2 Luminaires......Page 384
  14.3 Types of Industrial Lighting Systems......Page 389
  14.4 Special Considerations......Page 394
  Bibliography......Page 395
  15.2 Machine Shops......Page 396
  15.3 Generating Stations......Page 398
  15.4 Control Rooms......Page 399
  15.5 Manufacturing Areas......Page 400
  15.6 Warehouses......Page 402
  15.7 Engineering Offices, Conference Rooms, and Plant Hospital Rooms......Page 405
  Bibliography......Page 408
  16.2 Basic Floodlighting Effects......Page 409
  16.3 Choosing the Floodlight Sources......Page 410
  16.5 Design Procedures......Page 413
  16.6 Application Guide......Page 419
  16.7 Examples of Floodlighting Installation......Page 420
  Bibliography......Page 430
  17.1 Introduction......Page 431
  17.2 Energy-Efficient Light Sources......Page 432
  17.3 Energy-Efficient Ballasts......Page 434
  17.4 New Luminaires for Energy-Efficient Light Sources......Page 437
  17.5 Cost Analysis......Page 439
  17.6 Energy-Saving Lighting Techniques......Page 443
  17.7 Lighting and Energy Standards......Page 460
  Bibliography......Page 462
  18.2 Types of Controls......Page 464
  18.3 On-Off Controls......Page 465
  18.4 Level Controls......Page 473
  18.5 Energy-Saving Statistics from Different Types of Lighting Controls......Page 477
  18.6 Bases for Selecting Lighting Controls to Attain Optimum Savings......Page 480
  Bibliography......Page 485
Index......Page 486