Imaging and Image Analysis Applications for Plastics

 Content: Preface --
 The Optimized Performance of Linear Vibration Welded Nylon 6 and Nylon 66 Butt Joints --
 Image Analysis of Polypropylene Melt Fiber Stretching --
 The Effect of Fiber Orientation on Distribution on the Tooth Stiffness of a Polymer Composite Gear --
 Novel Processing and Performance of Aligned Discontinuous Fiber Polymer Composites --
 Characterization of Kneading Block Performance on CoRotating Twin Screw Extruders --
 A Quantitative Description of the Effects of Molecular Weight and Atactic Level on the Spherulite Growth Rate of ZieglerNatta Isotactic Polypropylene --
 Miscibility and CoContinuous Morphology of PolypropylenePolyethylene Blends --
 Flow Visualization for Extensional Viscosity Assessment --
 PP/LLDPE/EDPM Blends: Effect of Elastomer Viscosity on Impact --
 Mixing of a Low Molecular Weight Additive in a CoRotating TSE: Morphological Analysis of a HDPE/PDMS Systems --
 The in situ Compatibilization of HDPE/PET Blends --
 Evaluation of Process Aids for Controlling Surface Roughness of Extruded LLDPE --
 Evaluation of Scratch and Mar Resistance in Automotive Coatings: Nanoscratching by Atomic Force Microscope --
 Study of the Morphology and Tensile Mechanical Properties of Biaxially Oriented PET/PP Blends --
 Improved Barrier and Mechanical Properties of Laminar Polymer Blends --
 Relative Magnetic Permeability of Injection Molded Composites as Affected by the Flow Induced Orientation of Ferromagnetic Particles --
 ProcessingStructureProperty Relations in PS/PE Blends: Compression versus Injection Molding --
 Polyetherimide EpoxyBased Prepreg Systems with Variable Temperature Cure Capability --
 CO 2 Blown PETG Foams --
 Tear Strength Enhancement Mechanisms in TPO Films --
 Morphological Study of Fatigue Induced Damage in Semicrystalline Polymers --
 The Effect of Several Kinds of Oils on the Oil Resistance Behavior of Polystyrenic Thermoplastic Vulcanizate --
 Visualization of Polymer Melt Convergent Flows in Extrusion --
 Evaluation of the Constrained Blister Test for Measurement of an Intrinsic Adhesion --
 Fractal Analysis and Radiographic Inspection of Microwave Welded HDPE Bars --
 Application of Thermography for the Optimization of the Blow Molding Process --
 The Use of Video and the Development of Solids Conveying Theory --
 Microcellular PET Foams Produced by the Solid State Process --
 Thermal Wave Imaging of Propagating Cracks in Polypropylene and a Thermoplastic Olefin --
 The Division of Agglomerates in Molten Environment of Polymers: A Physical Model for Mathematical Description --
 A New OnLine Technique for Morphology Analysis and Residence Time Measurement in a TwinScrew Extruder --
 Controlled Order Thermosets for Electronic Packaging --
 Fatigue Fracture in Polypropylene with Different Spherulitic Sizes --
 BrittleDuctile Transition of PP/Rubber/Filler Hybrids --
 Index.
 Abstract:             The broad collection of techniques gathered in this book help illustrate material/process/property relationships for a wide selection of materials and processes in the plastics industry. With the recent increases in computing power and scope, as well as advances in software engineering, imaging has already become a universal tool. Image processing and image analysis have become common expressions are widely recognized within the scientific community. The imaging techniques employed range from visible optical methods to scanning and transmission electron microscopy, xray, thermal wave infrared and atomic force microscopy. Image analysis is used to monitor/ characterize a variety of processes. Processes included within this book are: extrusion, injection molding, foam production, film manufacture, compression molding, blow molding, vulcanization, melt spinning, reactive blending, welding, conveying, composite manufacture, compounding, and thermosetting. Imaging techniques are also employed to characterize/quantify a number of important material properties. These include: fiber orientation distribution, homogeneity of mixing, the rate of spherulites growth, polymer crystallization rate, melt flow index, pore size and shape in foam, cell density in foam, void content, particle analysis in polymer blends, morphology, interparticle distance, fiber diameter, fatigue crack, crazing, scratching, surface roughness, fiberlength distribution, nucleation, oil penetration, peel adhesion, chemical resistance, dropletfiber transition, electrical conductivity, dispersion and impurity content