I.P. Pavlov: Selected Works

Kh. S. Koshtoyants Ivan Petrovich Pavlov and the Significance
of His Works. 11
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Autobiography. 41

I
PUBLIC AND SCIENTIFIC SPEECHES AND ADDRESSES
Message from the Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the First Sechenov Physiological Congress, Read at the Opening of the Congress on April 6, 1917. 47
Letter to the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R. 49
Letter to the Sechenov Physiological Society, Leningrad. 50
Letter to the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R. 51
A Letter to the Youth. 52
Speech at the Opening of the Fifteenth International Physiological Congress. 53
Speech at the Reception Held by the Government for the Delegates to the Fifteenth International Physiological Congress on August 17, 1935, in the Grand Kremlin Palace. 57
Reply to Greetings During a Visit to Ryazan in August 1935. 58
On the Prospects of Work in 1935. 59
A Message to the Gathering of Leading Miners in the Donets Basin. 60

II
WORKS ON BLOOD CIRCULATION AND THE TROPHIC ACTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
An Abstract of a Paper by V. N. Veliky and I. P. Pavlov. 63
Experimental Data Concerning the Accommodating Mechanism of the Blood Vessels. 64
Concerning Trophic Innervation. 72

III
WORKS ON DIGESTION
Lectures on the Work of the Principal Digestive Glands. 81
Lecture One. General Survey of the Subject. Methods. 81
Lecture Eight. Physiological Facts, Human Instinct and Medical Empiricism. 103
Nobel Speech Delivered m Stockholm on December 12, 1904. 127

IV
PROBLEM OF THE STUDY OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY AND THE WAYS OF ITS EXPERIMENTAL SOLUTION
Experimental Psychology and Psychopathology in Animals. 149

V
METHODS OF INVESTIGATION AND FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF DEVELOPMENT
Lectures on the Work of the Cerebral Hemispheres. 169
Lecture One. The substantiation and the history of the fundamental methods employed in the investigation of the activity of the cerebral hemispheres. The concept of the reflex. The variety of reflexes. Signalling activity as the most general physiological characteristic of the cerebral hemispheres. 169
Lecture Two. Technical methods used in objective study of the work of the cerebral hemispheres. Signalling as a reflex action. Unconditioned and conditioned reflexes. Conditions for the development of conditioned reflexes. 186
Natural Science and the Brain. 204
“Pure Physiology” of the Brain. 219
Relation Between Excitation and Inhibition, Delimitation Between Excitation and Inhibition, Experimental Neuroses in Dogs. 230
The Conditioned Reflex. 245
Physiology of the Higher Nervous Activity. 271

VI
THEORY OF ANALYSERS, LOCALIZATION OF FUNCTIONS AND MECHANISM OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS
Summary of Results of the Experiments with Extirpation of Different Parts of the Cerebral Hemispheres by the Method of Conditioned Reflexes. 289
Physiological Mechanism of the So-Called Voluntary Movements 307

VII
THEORY OF TYPES
General Types of Animal and Human Higher Nervous Activity 315

VIII
PROBLEMS OF SLEEP AND HYPNOSIS
Some Facts about the Physiology of Sleep (Jointly with Dr. L. N. Voskresensky). 347
Concerning the So-Called Hypnotism in Animals. 354
Physiology of the Hypnotic State of the Dog. (Jointly with
Dr. M. K. Petrova). 356
The Problem of Sleep. 371

IX
PHYSIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY
Physiology and Psychology in the Study of the Higher Nervous Activity of Animals. 395
Reply of a Physiologist to Psychologists. 414
Dynamic Stereotypy of the Higher Part of the Brain. 454
Concerning the Possibility of Fusion of the Subjective and the Objective. 460

X
EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY OF THE HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY
Experimental Pathology of the Higher Nervous Activity. 465
Types of Higher Nervous Activity, Their Relationship to Neuroses and Psychoses and the Physiological Mechanism of Neurotic and Psychotic Symptoms. 488
Fusion of Principal Branches of Medicine in Modern Experimentation as Demonstrated by the Example of Digestion. 494

XI
PHYSIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
Psychiatry as an Auxiliary to the Physiology of the Cerebral Hemispheres. 505
An Attempt of a Physiologist to Digress into the Domain of Psychiatry. 515
Essay on the Physiological Concept of the Symptomatology of Hysteria. 522
Feelings of Possession (Les Sentiments D’Emprise) and the Ultra-Paradoxical Phase (Open Letter to Prof, Pierre Janet) 549

XII
FRAGMENTS OF STATEMENTS AT THE “WEDNESDAY” GATHERINGS
Struggle of I. P. Pavlov Against Idealists (Experiments with Anthropoids. Criticism of the Concepts of Yerkes and Koehler). 557
The Nature of Intelligence in Anthropoids and the Erroneous Interpretation of Koehler. 564
Criticism of Sherrington’s Idealistic Concepts. 569
Criticism of the Gestalt Psychology. 576
Criticism of the Gestalt Psychology (Continued). 583
Concerning the Artistic and Thinking Human Types. 596
Experiments on Apes and Criticism of Koehler’s Concepts. 599
Criticism of Koehler’s Idealistic Concepts. 606
Concerning the Animism of Sherrington and the Conservatism of English Science. 613
Concerning the Idealism of Pierre Janet. 614
Experiments with “Raphael”. 618
Criticism of Claparède’s Book The Genesis of the Hypothesis 619
Concerning Kretschmer’s Book Physique and Character. 624
The Influence of the Idealistic World Outlook on the Attitude of Scientists Towards the Theory of Conditioned Reflexes. 627
Notes and Commentary. 631