Human Resource Management

Title
Table of Contents
PART ONE INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF HUMAN RESOURCES
	1 Human Resource Management: A Strategic Function
		Human Resource Functions
			Who Performs the Human Resource Functions?
			The Human Resource Department
		Challenges for Today’s Human Resource Managers
			Diversity in the Workforce
			Regulatory Changes
			Structural Changes to Organizations
			Technological and Managerial Changes within Organizations
			Human Resource Management in the Future
		Organizational Performance and the Human Resource Manager
			Metrics and the HR Scorecard
		Communicating Human Resource Programs
			Guidelines for Communicating Human Resource Programs
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 1.1: Human Resource Management and Professionals
			Incident 1.2: Choosing a Major
		Exercise 1.1: Changes in Terminology
		Exercise 1.2: Justifying the Human Resource Department
		Exercise 1.3: Test Your Knowledge of HR History
		Exercise 1.4: Are You Poised for Success?
		Notes and Additional Readings
	2 Equal Employment Opportunity: The Legal Environment
		Equal Employment Opportunity Laws
			Equal Pay Act (1963)
			Title VII, Civil Rights Act (1964)
			Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)
			Rehabilitation Act (1973)
			Vietnam-Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act (1974)
			Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978)
			Immigration Reform and Control Act (1986)
			Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
			Older Workers Benefi t Protection Act (1990)
			Civil Rights Act (1991)
			Family and Medical Leave Act (1993)
			Executive Orders 11246, 11375, and 11478
			State and Local Government Equal Employment Laws
		Landmark Court Cases
			Griggs v. Duke Power Company
			McDonnell Douglas v. Green
			Albemarle Paper v. Moody
			University of California Regents v. Bakke
			United Steelworkers of America v. Weber
			Connecticut v. Teal
			Memphis Firefi ghters, Local 1784 v. Stotts
			City of Richmond v. J. A. Crosan Company
			Wards Cove v. Atonio
			Martin v. Wilks
			Adarand Contractors v. Peña
			State of Texas v. Hopwood
			University of Michigan’s Admission Procedures
		Enforcement Agencies
			Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
			Offi ce of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 2.1: Debate over Retirement Age
			Incident 2.2: Accept Things as They Are
		Exercise 2.1: Discrimination because of Sex, Religion, or National Origin
		Notes and Additional Readings
	3 Implementing Equal Employment Opportunity
		EEOC Compliance
			Legal Powers of the EEOC
			EEOC Posting Requirements
			Records and Reports
			Compliance Process
			Preemployment Inquiry Guide
		Affi rmative Action Plans
		Bona Fide Occupational Qualifi cation (BFOQ)
		Business Necessity
		Sexual Harassment
		Comparable Worth and Equal Pay Issues
		Other Areas of Employment Discrimination
			Religion
			Native Americans
			HIV-Positive Status
			Sexual Orientation
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 3.1: The Layoff
			Incident 3.2: Religion and Real Estate
		Exercise 3.1: Affi rmative Action Debate
		Exercise 3.2: How Much Do You Know about Sexual Harassment?
		Notes and Additional Readings
		On the Job: Preemployment Inquiry Guide
	4 Job Analysis and Job Design
		Basic Terminology
		Job Analysis
			Products of Job Analysis
			Job Analysis Methods
			The ADA and Job Analysis
			Potential Problems with Job Analysis
		Job Design
			Job Scope and Job Depth
			Sociotechnical Approach to Job Design
			The Physical Work Environment
			Flexible Work Arrangements (FWAs)
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 4.1: The Tax Assessor’s Offi ce
			Incident 4.2: Turnover Problems
		Exercise 4.1: Introduction to O*NET
		Exercise 4.2: Writing a Job Description
		Exercise 4.3: Performing a Job Analysis
		Notes and Additional Readings
		On the Job: Sample Job Analysis Questionnaire
PART TWO ACQUIRING HUMAN RESOURCES
	5 Human Resource Planning
		How HRP Relates to Organizational Planning
			Strategy-Linked HRP
		Time Frame of HRP
		HRP: An Evolving Process
		Steps in the HRP Process
			Determining Organizational Objectives
			Determining the Skills and Expertise Required (Demand)
			Determining Additional (Net) Human Resource Requirements
			Developing Action Plans
			Synthesizing the HRP Process
		Succession Planning
		Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS)
			HR and the Internet
			HR Intranets and Portals
			HR and Web 2.0
			Software as a Service
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 5.1: Human Resource Planning— What Is That?
			Incident 5.2: New Boss
		Exercise 5.1: Avoiding Layoffs?
		Exercise 5.2: Locating HR Software
		Notes and Additional Readings
	6 Recruiting Employees
		Job Analysis, Human Resource Planning, and Recruitment
		Personnel Requisition Form
		Sources of Qualifi ed Personnel
			Internal Sources
			External Sources
		Effectiveness of Recruitment Methods
		Realistic Job Previews
		Who Does the Recruiting, and How?
		Organizational Inducements in Recruitment
		Equal Employment Opportunity and Recruitment
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 6.1: Inside or Outside Recruiting?
			Incident 6.2: A Malpractice Suit against a Hospital
		Exercise 6.1: Writing a Résumé
		Notes and Additional Readings
	7 Selecting Employees
		The Selection Process
			Employment Application Form
			Preliminary Interview
			Formal Testing
			Second or Follow-Up Interview
			Reference Checking
			Physical Examination
			Making the Final Selection Decision
		Validation of Selection Procedures
			Criterion-Related Validity
			Content and Construct Validity
		Reliability
		Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
			Adverse (or Disparate) Impact
			Where Adverse Impact Exists: The Basic Options
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 7.1: Promotions at OMG
			Incident 7.2: The Pole Climbers
		Exercise 7.1: Developing a Frequency Distribution
		Notes and Additional Readings
		On the Job: Sample Online Application for Employment
PART THREE TRAINING AND DEVELOPING EMPLOYEES
	8 Orientation and Employee Training
		Orientation
			Shared Responsibility
			Organizational Orientation
			Departmental and Job Orientation
			Orientation Kit
			Orientation Length and Timing
			Follow-Up and Evaluation
		Training Employees
			Needs Assessment
			Establishing Training Objectives
		Methods of Training
			On-the-Job Training and Job Rotation
			Apprenticeship Training
			Classroom Training
			Virtual Classroom
		Evaluating Training
			Reaction
			Learning
			Behavior
			Results
		Principles of Learning
			Motivation to Achieve Personal Goals
			Knowledge of Results
			Reinforcement
			Flow of the Training Program
			Practice and Repetition
			Spacing of Sessions
			Whole or Part Training
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 8.1: Starting a New Job
			Incident 8.2: Implementing On-the-Job Training
		Exercise 8.1: McDonald’s Training Program
		Exercise 8.2: Virtual Classroom
		Notes and Additional Readings
	9 Management and Organizational Development
		The Management Development Process
		Determining the Net Management Requirements
			Organizational Objectives
			Management Inventory and Succession Plan
			Changes in the Management Team
		Needs Assessment
		Establishing Management Development Objectives
		Methods Used in Management Development
			Understudy Assignments
			Coaching
			Experience
			Job Rotation
			Special Projects and Committee Assignments
			Classroom Training
			In-Basket Technique
			Web-Based Training
			Business Simulations
			Adventure Learning
			University and Professional Association Seminars
		Evaluation of Management Development Activities
		Assessment Centers
		Organizational Development
			Diagnosis
			Strategy Planning
			Education
			Evaluation
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 9.1: The 40-Year Employee
			Incident 9.2: Consolidating Three Organizations
		Exercise 9.1: Training Methods
		Notes and Additional Readings
		On the Job: Comparison of Training Methods
	10 Career Development
		Why Is Career Development Necessary?
		Who Is Responsible for Career Development?
			Organization’s Responsibilities
			Employee’s Responsibilities
			Manager’s Responsibilities
		Implementing Career Development
			Individual Assessment
			Assessment by the Organization
			Communicating Career Options
			Career Pathing
			Career Self-Management
			Career Counseling
		Reviewing Career Progress
		Career-Related Myths
			Myths Held by Employees
			Myths Held by Managers
		Dealing with Career Plateaus
			Rehabilitating Ineffective Plateauees
		Career Lattices
		The Impact of Dual-Employed Couples and Single-Parent Employees
		Outplacement
		Breaking the Glass Ceiling
		Career Development Online
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 10.1: The Unhappy Power Line Installer
			Incident 10.2: Hire Me, Hire My Husband!
		Exercise 10.1: How Do You Rate as a Career Counselor?
		Exercise 10.2: Becoming an Effective Career Planner
		Exercise 10.3: Online Self-Assessment
		Notes and Additional Readings
		On the Job: Online Self-Assessment Tools
	11 Performance Management Systems
		Understanding Performance
			Determinants of Performance
			Environmental Factors as Performance Obstacles
			Responsibilities of the Human Resource Department in Performance Management
		Performance Appraisal: Defi nition and Uses
		Performance Appraisal Methods
			Management by Objectives (MBO)
			Multi-Rater Assessment (or 360-Degree Feedback)
			Graphic Rating Scale
			Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)
			Critical-Incident Appraisal
			Essay Appraisal
			Checklist
			Forced-Choice Rating
			Ranking Methods
			Work Standards
		Potential Errors in Performance Appraisals
		Overcoming Errors in Performance Appraisals
		Providing Feedback through the Appraisal Interview
		Developing Performance Improvement Plans
		Performance Appraisal and the Law
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 11.1: The College Admissions Offi ce
			Incident 11.2: The Lackadaisical Plant Manager
		Exercise 11.1: Developing a Performance Appraisal System
		Notes and Additional Readings
PART FOUR COMPENSATING HUMAN RESOURCES
	12 The Organizational Reward System
		Defi ning the System
		Selection of Rewards
		Relating Rewards to Performance
		Job Satisfaction and Rewards
			The Satisfaction–Performance Controversy
			Other Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction
		Employee Compensation
			Compensation Policies
			Pay Secrecy
			Government and Union Infl uence
			Impact of Comparable Worth
			The Importance of Fair Pay
			Pay Equity
			Pay Satisfaction Model
		The Role of the Human Resource Manager in the Reward System
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 12.1: An Informative Coffee Break
			Incident 12.2: Does Money Motivate?
		Exercise 12.1: Relating Rewards to Performance
		Notes and Additional Readings
	13 Base Wage and Salary Systems
		Objective of the Base Wage and Salary System
		Conventional Job Evaluation
			Job Ranking Method
			Job Classifi cation Method
			Point Method
			Factor Comparison Method
			Comparison of Job Evaluation Methods
		Pricing the Job
			Wage and Salary Surveys
			Wage and Salary Curves
		Base Wage/Salary Structure
		New Approaches to the Base Wage/Salary Structure
			Broadbanding
			Skill-Based Pay
			Competency-Based Pay
			Market-Based Pay
			Total Rewards
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 13.1: Fair Pay for Pecan Workers
			Incident 13.2: A Dead-End Street?
		Exercise 13.1: Ranking Jobs
		Exercise 13.2: Wage/Salary Survey
		Notes and Additional Readings
	14 Incentive Pay Systems
		Requirements of Incentive Plans
		Individual Incentives
			Piece Rate Plans
			Plans Based on Time Saved
			Plans Based on Commissions
			Individual Bonuses
			Suggestion Systems
			Incentives for Managerial Personnel
			Stock Options for Nonmanagerial Personnel
		Group Incentives
			Gain-Sharing or Profi t-Sharing Plans
			Scanlon-Type Plans
			Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
		Making Incentive Plans Work
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 14.1: Rewarding Good Performance at a Bank
			Incident 14.2: Part-Time Pool Personnel
		Exercise 14.1: Implementing Incentives
		Exercise 14.2: Proven Suggestion Systems
		Exercise 14.3: The Status of the Corporate and Financial Institutions Compensation Fairness Act (CFICF)
		Notes and Additional Readings
	15 Employee Benefi ts
		What Are Employee Benefi ts?
		Growth in Employee Benefi ts
		Legally Required Benefi ts
			Social Security
			Unemployment Compensation
			Workers’ Compensation
		Retirement-Related Benefi ts
			Company-Sponsored Retirement Plans
			ERISA and Related Acts
			Employees Not Covered by Company Retirement Plans
			Preretirement Planning
		Insurance-Related Benefi ts
			Health Insurance
			Dental Insurance
			Life Insurance
			Accident and Disability Insurance
		Payment for Time Not Worked
			Paid Holidays and Paid Vacations
		Other Benefi ts
		Employee Preferences among Benefi ts
			Flexible-Benefi t Plans
		The Benefi t Package
		Communicating the Benefi t Package
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 15.1: Who Is Eligible for Retirement Benefi ts?
			Incident 15.2: Benefi ts for Professionals
		Exercise 15.1: Taking a Raise
		Notes and Additional Readings
PART FIVE EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING AND LABOR RELATIONS
	16 Employee Safety and Health
		Occupational Safety and Health Act
			OSHA Standards
			Penalties
			Reporting/Record-Keeping Requirements
		The Causes of Accidents
			Personal Acts
			Physical Environment
			Accident Proneness
		How to Measure Safety
		Organizational Safety Programs
			Promoting Safety
			Establishing a Safety Training Program
		Employee Health
			Occupational Health Hazards
			Stress in the Workplace
			Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
			AIDS
			Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)
			Work/Life Programs
			Wellness Programs
		Violence in the Workplace
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 16.1: Safety Problems at Blakely
			Incident 16.2: To Fire or Not to Fire?
		Exercise 16.1: Filing OSHA Reports
		Exercise 16.2: Preventing Violence in the Workplace
		Notes and Additional Readings
	17 Employee Relations
		Employment at Will
		Causes of Disciplinary Actions
		Administering Discipline
			Prediscipline Recommendations
			Guidelines for Administering Discipline
			Legal Restrictions
		Grievance Procedures
			Just Cause
			Due Process
			Duty of Fair Representation
			Time Delays
		Grievance Arbitration
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 17.1: Tardy Tom
			Incident 17.2: Keys to the Drug Cabinet
		Exercise 17.1: Mock Arbitration
		Notes and Additional Readings
	18 The Legal Environment and Structure of Labor Unions
		The Legal Environment of Labor–Management Relations
			Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
			Clayton Act (1914)
			Railway Labor Act (1926)
			Norris–La Guardia Act (1932)
			National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act (1935)
			Labor–Management Relations (Taft–Hartley) Act (1947)
			Labor–Management Reporting and Disclosure (Landrum–Griffi n) Act (1959)
			Civil Service Reform Act (1978)
		Union Structures
			AFL–CIO
			National and International Unions
			City and State Federations
			Local Unions
		Current and Future Developments in the Labor Movement
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 18.1: Unions and Management
			Incident 18.2: Voluntary Resignations during a Strike
		Exercise 18.1: Need for Unions
		Notes and Additional Readings
	19 Union Organizing Campaigns and Collective Bargaining
		Union Membership Decision
			Reasons for Joining
			The Opposition View
		Union Organizing Campaign
			Determining the Bargaining Unit
			Election Campaigns
			Election, Certifi cation, and Decertifi cation
		Good-Faith Bargaining
		Participants in Negotiations
			Employer’s Role
			Union’s Role
			Role of Third Parties
		Collective Bargaining Agreements
		Specifi c Issues in Collective Bargaining Agreements
			Management Rights
			Union Security
			Wages and Employee Benefi ts
			Individual Security (Seniority) Rights
			Dispute Resolution
		Impasses in Collective Bargaining
		Trends in Collective Bargaining
		Summary of Learning Objectives
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Discussion Questions
			Incident 19.1: Florida National Guard and NAGE
			Incident 19.2: Retiree Benefi ts
		Exercise 19.1: Contract Negotiations
		Notes and Additional Readings
Glossary
Index