HIV AND AIDS (Medical Perspectives Series)

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Series-Title......Page 3
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Abbreviations......Page 9
Preface......Page 11
Foreword......Page 12
1.1 Introduction......Page 14
1.2.1 1.2.1 Structure of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and relationship to otherretroviruses......Page 15
1.2.2 Transmission and mechanism of cellular infection......Page 16
1.2.3 Attachment......Page 18
1.2.4 Fusion......Page 19
1.2.6 Expression......Page 20
1.4 Cellular control of HIV replication......Page 22
References......Page 24
2.1 Humoral immunity in HIV infection......Page 25
2.3 Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity......Page 26
2.4 Cell-mediated immunity in HIV infection......Page 27
2.5 Genetic variation in HIV pathogenesis......Page 30
References......Page 31
3.1 Immunological deficiencies associated with HIVinfection......Page 33
3.2.1 Direct lysis of target cells......Page 35
3.2.2 Cytokine-mediated depletion......Page 36
3.2.4 Programmed cell death or apoptosis......Page 38
3.2.5 Molecular mimicry......Page 39
3.3.1 Immunosuppression by viral proteins......Page 41
3.3.2 Accessory cell dysfunction......Page 42
3.4 B-lymphocyte dysfunction......Page 43
3.6 Acute infection and seroconversion......Page 44
3.7 Stages of chronic HIV infection......Page 46
3.8 Progression to symptomatic disease......Page 48
References......Page 50
4.2 Diagnosis of HIV infection......Page 52
4.3 Classification of HIV infection......Page 54
4.4 Features of disease in the immunocompromised host......Page 55
4.5 Effect of immunosuppression on clinical presentation......Page 56
4.6 Pattern of presentation of opportunist disease in HIV infection......Page 58
4.7 Effect of degree of immunodeficiency......Page 59
4.8 Effect of microbiological environment......Page 60
4.9.1 Nervous system......Page 61
4.10.1 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)......Page 62
4.10.2 CMV disease......Page 63
4.10.4 Mycobacterial disease......Page 65
4.10.6 Lymphomas and other malignancies......Page 68
4.10.7 Allergic disease......Page 69
4.12 Pediatric HIV infection......Page 70
4.12.1 HIV infection in pregnancy......Page 71
4.12.3 Diagnosis of HIV infection in infants......Page 72
References......Page 74
5.3 RT inhibitors......Page 76
5.3.1 Nucleoside analogs, AZT, ddl and ddC......Page 77
5.3.3 Clinical uses......Page 78
5.3.4 Use of zidovudine in early HIV infection......Page 79
5.5 Protease, integrase and Tat inhibitors......Page 81
5.7.2 Stress......Page 82
5.7.4 Differences in HIV strains......Page 83
5.8.1 Immunological monitoring......Page 84
5.8.2 Virological monitoring......Page 85
References......Page 87
6.3 Passive immunotherapy......Page 88
6.5 HIV vaccines......Page 89
6.6 The special case—perinatal transmission......Page 92
Reference......Page 94
Appendix A. Glossary......Page 95
Index......Page 101