History of Geophysics: Volume 5-The Earth, the Heavens and the Carnegie Institution of Washington

Title Page
......Page 1
Copyright
......Page 2
CONTENTS......Page 3
Foreword......Page 5
Preface......Page 9
Introduction......Page 10
ANDREW CARNEGIE IN 1901......Page 13
CHARLES DOOLITILE WALCOIT IN 1901......Page 14
THE START OF CIW-DECEMBER 1901......Page 17
FOUNDING THE INSTITUTION-1902......Page 18
1902-THE FIRST STEPS......Page 21
1902-THE LATTER PART......Page 24
NOVEMBER-DECEMBER, 1902-MAJOR SETBACK......Page 25
FIGHTING AGAINST DRIFTING-1903......Page 26
GETIING ORGANIZED FOR BIGGER SCIENCE-1904-1905......Page 28
CONCLUSIONS......Page 29
REFERENCES......Page 30
THE MAGNIFICENT SCHEME......Page 32
THE COMMITTEE OF EIGHT......Page 34
MULTIPLE NUCLEATION......Page 36
A TIMELESS BLUEPRINT......Page 38
REFERENCES......Page 39
THE PIONEERING STAGE: RAISING THE STATUS OF TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM......Page 40
THE DTM's WORLD MAGNETIC SURVEY......Page 42
AT SEA: THE GALILEE AND THE CARNEGIE......Page 43
AFTER THE GREAT War: THE COMPLETION OF THE FIRST WORLD MAGNETIC SURVEY......Page 45
REFERENCES......Page 46
Vilhelm Bjerknes's Duty to Produce Something Clear and Real In Meteorological Science......Page 48
REFERENCES......Page 57
Climate and History: Raphael Pumpelly's Geoarcheological Expeditions to Turkestan......Page 58
REFERENCES......Page 63
THE S-21 SUBMARINE EXPEDITION......Page 64
ORIGINS OF THE S-21 EXPEDITION......Page 66
GOALS OF THE 8-21 EXPEDITION......Page 68
A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH......Page 70
A RESEARCH TRADITION THAT WASN'T......Page 71
THE STABILIZATION OF A NEW RESEARCH TRADITION......Page 72
THE ROOTS OF COLLABORATNE RESEARCH......Page 73
BASIC OR APPLIED RESEARCH?......Page 75
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 77
REFERENCES......Page 78
ROALD AMUNDSEN 1872-1928......Page 80
HARRY MARCUS WESTON EDMONDS 1862-1945......Page 82
AMUNDSEN RECALIBRATES HIS MAGNETIC INSTRUMENTS.......Page 84
PLANNING FOR THE NORTH POLE.......Page 86
CONCLUSIONS......Page 88
REFERENCES......Page 89
EXPEDITIONARY SCIENCE IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTNE......Page 90
EXPEDITIONS: INTEGRATING THEORY, PRACTICE, AND INSTITUTIONS......Page 92
SCIENTISTS AS MANAGERS: CHOOSING EXPEDITIONS TO INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH......Page 93
IMAGES AS ARTIFACTS: THE PHOTOGRAPHY OF EXPEDITIONARY SCIENCE......Page 94
REFERENCES......Page 97
SOLAR PHYSICS BACKGROUND......Page 99
CHARLES GREELEY ABBOT......Page 102
THE SMITHSONIAN ON MT. WILSON......Page 103
THE 1905 SMITHSONIAN EXPEDITION......Page 105
RETURNING TO MT. WILSON......Page 107
A PERMANENT STATION......Page 109
ARCHIVAL SOURCES......Page 110
REFERENCES......Page 111
A DISCIPLINE IN TRANSITION......Page 112
HALE AND PICKERING: CONTRASTING AGENDAS FOR ASTRONOMY......Page 113
HALE'S MT. WILSON......Page 114
RUSSELL AT MT. WILSON......Page 116
MT. WILSON STAFF REACTS TO RUSSELL......Page 118
REFERENCES......Page 119
THE PLANETESIMAL HYPOTHESIS......Page 121
CHAMBERLIN AND HALE: 1915......Page 124
ASTRONOMERS RESPOND TO CHAMBERLIN'S THEORY......Page 128
CONCLUSION......Page 129
REFERENCES......Page 130
Women and Women's Work at Mt. WilsonObservatory before World War II......Page 132
REFERENCES......Page 134
Commentary on the Mt. Wilson Papers......Page 135
REFERENCES......Page 137
The Big Story: Tuve, Breit, and Ionospheric Sounding, 1923-1928......Page 138
REFERENCES......Page 146
INTRODUCTION......Page 147
THE RADIO AND THE SKY AT NRL......Page 148
COOPERATION WITHIN THE WASHINGTON NETWORK......Page 149
THE UTILITY OF GODDARD'S ROCKET......Page 150
REFERENCES......Page 151
To Watheroo and Back: The DTM in Australia, 1911-1947......Page 153
REFERENCES......Page 163
Some Memories of the Watheroo Magnetic Observatory......Page 165
A Canadian Life with Geomagnetism: The Research of Frank T. Davies......Page 169
ARCHlVAL SOURCES......Page 172
REFERENCES......Page 173
REFERENCES......Page 174
PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE......Page 176
NURTURING AND PRUNING: PALEOMAGNETISM......Page 177
OPPORTUNISM AND COLLABORATION: ISOTOPIC DATING......Page 180
IN RETROSPECT......Page 186
REFERENCES......Page 187
Merle A. Tuve's Post-War Geophysics: Early Explosion Seismology......Page 188
Isotope Geology at Carnegie 1950-1970: Dating Earth Processes......Page 218
REFERENCES......Page 224
APPENDIX: PUBLICATIONS LIST: ISOTOPE GEOLOGY,CARNEGIE, 1950-1970.......Page 225
Archival Sources for the History of Geosciences......Page 227
REFERENCES......Page 229
ARCHIVES......Page 230
THE CIW OBSERVATORIES COLLECTION......Page 232
PUMPELLY COLLECTION......Page 234
REFERENCE......Page 235
The Earth and Space Sciences at Carnegie:A Pictorial Sampler from the First Six Decades......Page 236