Higher Education Management and Policy, Volume 20 Issue 2: Higher Education and Regional Development: Journal of the Programme on Institutional ... Higher Education and Regional Development

Higher Education Management and Policy
Editorial Advisory Group
Table of Contents
Introduction to the Special Issue
	References
The Engagement of Higher Education Institutions in Regional Development: An Overview of the Opportunities and Challenges
	Introduction
		Table 1
	The regional development drivers behind engagement
	The higher education drivers behind engagement
	Synthesis: higher education institutions, tying down the global in the local
		Figure 1. A regionally engaged multi-modal and multi-scalar higher education institution
	National policy barriers to regional engagement
	Funding barriers to regional engagement
	Barriers in regional structures and governance
	Barriers in the governance, leadership and management of HEIs
	Building capacity for co-operation between higher education and regions
	Conclusion: realising the potential of higher education to contribute to regional development
		Acknowledgements
	Notes
	References
Universities, Innovation and Regional Development: A View from the United States
	Why is regional competitiveness the new development paradigm?
		Figure 1. From 1998 to 2003 employment growth varied significantly among OECD countries
		Figure 2. Differences in employment growth among regions within countries were substantial
	What must regions do to compete?
		Figure 3. A new system for regional development
	Regional strategy
		Regional governance
		Regional innovation
		Regional entrepreneurship
	What can be done to connect university innovation and regional development?
		Figure 4. The current approach to regional development
		Figure 5. Innovation bridge
	References
A World of Competitors: Assessing the US High-Tech Advantage and the Process of Globalisation
	The status of the US high-tech advantage
		Political interest and support for high tech – the mantra of the postmodern economy
		University and private sector interactive vibrancy – high-quality, elite higher education institutions and growing partnerships
			Table 1. Regional distribution of top world universities, Shanghai Ranking 2006
		Relatively high R&D investment rates – investment in basic research
			Figure 1. Research and development as a percentage of gross domestic product, 1953-2004
			Figure 2. US research and development by character of work, 2004
			Figure 3. US basic research by performer, 2004
		Venture capital – US still most robust
		Intellectual property – United States as the first mover
			Figure 4. US patents granted by country of origin, 1990-2003 (patents in thousands)
			Figure 5. US biotech patents by foreign inventor, 1990-2003 (number of patents)
		Tax policy – US most advanced and long term
		Talent pool and mobility – attractiveness and openness for skilled labour and foreign students
			Figure 6. Geographic origin of foreign graduate students enrolled in US universities, 1960-2000
			Figure 7. National origin of foreign graduate students from Asia in US universities, 1960-2000
	A comparative assessment of the United States’ competitive advantage
		Table 2. National and regional factors for knowledge-based economic areas
		Figure 8. US trade balance in advanced HT products, 2000-04 (in billions)
		Figure 9. US trade balance in HT categories, 2004 (in USD billions)
		Figure 10. US and EU international HT patents, 2003
	Cluster theory – the geographic dispersion of US high tech
		Table 3. Cluster theory – the US example Location of semiconductor IPOs (44 firms going public, 1996-2000)
		Table 4. Cluster theory – the US example Location of biotechnology IPOs (65 firms going public, 1996-2000)
		Figure 11. Dispersed pattern of HT employment, 2000 50 state comparison: high tech as a percentage of all state employment and university research and development per USD 1 000 of gross state product
	Funding initiatives in the United States
	The interplay of politics and policy
	Notes
	References
University Engagement: Avoidable Confusion and Inescapable Contradiction
	The context for this paper
	Engagement – the new e-word
	Problem A – two legs or three?
	Problem B – squeezing the important soft margin
	The Newby question
	Managing diversity – another way?
	Notes
	References
Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged: The Case of Kentucky
	Profile of Kentucky
	Background of reform
	Goals of reform
		Figure 1. Inter-related goals of postsecondary education reform
	Policies to achieve the goals
		Figure 2. Key elements of postsecondary reform – summary of attainment analyses
	Ten-year evaluation
	Progress in building capacity
	Progress toward long-term goals
		Education pipeline
			Figure 3. Kentucky’s education pipeline compared to the United States and best performing states, 2004
		Education attainment
			Figure 4. Per cent of adults with an associate degree or higher by age group - Kentucky, United States and leading OECD countries
		Per capita income
			Figure 5. Per capita personal income as a per cent of US average – Kentucky, 1960-2005
		Earnings by degree level
		Net-migration related to education level and age
		Mixed signals on the demand for an educated workforce
	Are the goals still valid?
	Barriers to progress
	Alternatives for the future
	Lessons from Kentucky reforms
	References
Provincial University of Lapland: Collaborating for Regional Development
	Introduction
		Lapland
		The university system in Finland
			Figure 1. Higher education in Finland
	What is meant by a provincial university?
	Background and objectives of the Provincial University of Lapland
	Operating model of the Provincial University of Lapland
		Figure 2. Operating model of the Provincial University of Lapland
	Additional value produced by the operating model
	Results and influence of operation
	Establishing the Provincial University
	The near future
	References
The Contribution of Higher Education to Regional Cultural Development in the North East of England
	Culture as a driver of economic development
	Higher education and cultural development
		Cultural presence and identity
		Cultural diversity
		Knowledge and skills development for the cultural sector
		Cultural businesses and engagement
	Cultural research and knowledge exchange
	Critical success factors
		National policy context, frameworks for action and institutional commitment
		Regional cultural development
		Capturing “cultural value”
	Notes
	References
The Dilemma of the Modern University in Balancing Competitive Agendas: The USQ Experience
	Background – The University of Southern Queensland (USQ)
	Change in Australian higher education
	Enhancing the business: USQ’s Realising Our Potential Initiative
		Table 1. Components of USQ’s Realising Our Potential Initiative
	Capacity building
	Balancing USQ’s enhanced business focus with its commitment to its regions
	Conclusion
	References
Benchmarking University Community Engagement: Developing a National Approach in Australia
	The environment for university and community engagement in Australia
		AUCEA
		Third steam funding
			Figure 1. University purpose and community focus
		Quality audit
		Institutional viability
		Research quality framework
	Measuring engagement
		Why measure ?
		Types of measurement
	The AUCEA benchmarking project
		Background
		Benchmarking principles
		Framework instruments and processes
	Challenges
	Conclusions
	References
Societal and Economic Engagement of Universities in Finland: An Evaluation Model
	Introduction
	International background
	The evaluation model
		Bases of the model
		Model framework
			Figure 1. Construction of the evaluation system
	Calculating university-specific indices
		Figure 2. Model for calculating university-specific total index
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
	Appendix A. Potential Indicators and Assessment Baskets for the Evaluation Model