Heritage and the Sea: Volume 2: Maritime History and Archaeology of the Global Iberian World (15th–18th centuries)

Preface
Contents
Contributors and Editors
Editors
Authors
Chapter 1: Dendroarchaeology of Shipwrecks in the Iberian Peninsula: 10 Years of Research and Advances
	1 Introduction
	2 Background to Dendroarchaeology of Shipwrecks in the Iberian Peninsula
	3 Sampling Strategy and Dendrochronological Methods
	4 The Shipwrecks: History, Archaeology, and Results of Dendrochronological Research
		4.1 Barceloneta I
		4.2 Newport Ship
		4.3 Barreiros
		4.4 Ria de Aveiro G
		4.5 Ria de Aveiro F
		4.6 Highbourne Cay
		4.7 Emanuel Point II
		4.8 Emanuel Point III
		4.9 Yarmouth Roads
		4.10 Belinho 1
		4.11 Delta II
		4.12 Arade 1
		4.13 Punta Restelos
		4.14 Ribadeo
		4.15 Delta I
		4.16 Delta III
		4.17 Matagrana
		4.18 Triunfante
		4.19 Magdalena
		4.20 San Sebastián
		4.21 Bayonnaise
		4.22 Cee 1
		4.23 Cee 2
	5 Discussion
		5.1 Selection of Trees for Shipbuilding
		5.2 Dendrochronological Dating of Iberian Shipwrecks
		5.3 Sampling Strategy
		5.4 Use of Novel Approaches for Provenancing
	6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 2: Hauntography of an Ordinary Shipwreck: Paradox, Appellation, Provenance, Apparition
	1 Paradox
	2 Appellation
	3 Provenance
	4 Apparition
	References
Chapter 3: Archaeological Perspectives in Galicia During the Age of Religious Wars: The Capitana and Almiranta of the Illyrica Squadron
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 An Armada’s War
	3.3 The Archaeological Record
	3.4 Galeón San Girolamo (San Jerónimo) 1596
	3.5 Salvage and Archaeological Interventions
	3.6 Galleon San Giacomo di Galizia
	3.7 The Shipwreck
	3.8 After the Wreck
	3.9 Archaeological Investigation
	3.10 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 4: Can We Identify the Ship Through a Multidisciplinary Approach? The Case of the Ribadeo 1 Wreck (c. 1597)
	1 Introduction
	2 The First Lead Toward the Identification of the Ship
	3 Archaeological Construction Features of the Ribadeo Shipwreck
	4 Dendrochronological Analyses on Shipwreck Timbers
		4.1 Samples and Dendrochronological Methods
		4.2 Wood Identification and Dendrochronological Results
	5 Building Up a Hypothesis
	6 Historical Research on the Santiago de Galicia Ship
		6.1 How and Where Was the Ship Constructed?
		6.2 The Performance of the Squadron (1591–1597): From the Shipyards to the Seabed
		6.3 Construction Features and Proportions of the Santiago de Galicia Galleon
	7 Matching the Historical and Archaeological Data
	8 Have We Identified the Ship with a Multidisciplinary Approach?
	References
Chapter 5: The Belinho 1 Shipwreck, Esposende, Portugal
	1 Introduction
	2 Belinho 1 Shipwreck
	3 Artifacts
		3.1 Pewter Objects
		3.2 Brass Artifacts
		3.3 Ferrous Metals
		3.4 Stone Cannon Balls
		3.5 Ceramics
	4 Belinho 1 Hull Remains
		4.1 Timber Recording
		4.2 Preliminary Analysis of the Timbers
		4.3 Ship Dimensions and Characteristics
		4.4 Sample Collection, Wood Identification, and Dendrochronological Results
		4.5 Tree Reconstruction
	5 Conservation
	6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 6: Shipwrecks of the Iberian Tradition in the Bay of Cádiz (Andalucía, Spain)
	1 Geographical Framework
	2 Historical Context
	3 Ibero–Atlantic Tradition Shipwrecks in the Bay of Cádiz
	4 Wreck of “Bajos de San Sebastián”
		4.1 Construction System Analysis
		4.2 Analysis of Archaeological Materials
			4.2.1 Armament
			4.2.2 Edged Weapons and Portable Firearms
			4.2.3 Ceramic Materials
			4.2.4 Glass Material
			4.2.5 Anchoring Elements
			4.2.6 Medical Instruments
			4.2.7 Personal Objects
			4.2.8 Delta I Wreck
		4.3 Analysis of the Construction System
		4.4 Other Interior Items
		4.5 Analysis of Archaeological Materials
			4.5.1 Ceramic Material
			4.5.2 Navigation Instruments
		4.6 Measuring Instruments
		4.7 Silver
		4.8 Armament
	5 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 7: Iberian Shipwrecks in the Americas: The Case of the Highbourne Cay Wreck
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Marine Conservation Efforts
	4 Ballast Pile
	5 Anchors
	6 Guns
	7 Artifacts
		7.1 Iron Concretions
		7.2 Cupreous Artifacts (Brass or Bronze)
		7.3 Lead
		7.4 Ceramics
		7.5 Non-Wood Organics
	8 Hull Remains
		8.1 Keel, Stem, Keelson, and Mast Step
		8.2 Frames
		8.3 Planking
		8.4 Size and Scantlings
		8.5 Species
		8.6 Dendrochronology
	9 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8: Spanish Shipwrecks on the Dominican Republic’s Coasts
	1 Introduction
	2 Main Historical Shipwrecks Found on the Dominican Coast
	3 The Fleet of Nicolas de Ovando in the Sixteenth Century
	4 The Galleon Nuestra Señora de la Pura y Limpia Concepción
		4.1 The Azogue Shipwreck in 1724
	5 The Frigate Nuestra Señora de Begoña
	6 The Future of the Underwater Cultural Heritage in Dominican Republic
	References
Chapter 9: The Timbers of the Frigate Santa María Magdalena (Eighteenth Century): A Spanish Warship in History and Archaeology
	1 Introduction
	2 Historical Background
		2.1 History: Timber Supply in Ferrol (1771–1773)
		2.2 Northern Spanish Timber
	3 Archaeology: Sampling the Santa Maria Magdalena Timber Assemblage
	4 Wood Science: Aiming to Establish the Provenance of the Wood
		4.1 Dendrochronology: Finding Out the Date and Provenance of the Wood Through Tree Rings
			4.1.1 Wood Identification and Dendrochronological Results
		4.2 Geochemical Fingerprinting of Magdalena Shipwreck: Relevance of the Initial FTIR Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 10: The Manila Galleons in Perspective. Notes on the History and Archaeology of the Transpacific Trade
	1 Introduction
	2 Historiography of the Manila Galleons
	3 Archaeology of the Manila Galleons
	4 Collaboration Between Historians and Archaeologists: The Future of the Manila Galleons
	References
Chapter 11: Ploughing Through Global Seas: Maritime Routes and Hydrographic Knowledge in the Eighteenth-Century Spanish Navy
	1 Introduction
	2 Reviewing Old Connection and Opening New Routes for the Empire (1748–1783)
	3 Increasing Information and Improving Paths in Global Context (1783–1797)
	4 Forging a Corpus of Global, Maritime and Hydrographic Knowledge (1797–1815)
	5 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 12: Technology of Iron Anchor-Frame Production in the Age of Exploration
	1 Introduction
	2 Iron Anchor-Frame Size, Beam Construction, and Technology
	3 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 13: A Shared Sailing: Artillery and Ocean Warships
	1 Introduction
	2 Types of Artillery and Ships
	3 Changes in Ship Shape
	4 Early Examples of Embarked Artillery
	5 The Mediterranean and the Naples Wars
	6 Fleet Systems, Artillery Ordinances, Navigation Experts, and Ways to Fight
	References
Index