Hazardous Gas Monitoring: A Guide for Semiconductor and Other Hazardous Occupancies (Safety, Health & Hygiene)

Front Cover......Page 1
Hazardous Gas Monitoring: A Guide for Semiconductor and Other Hazardous Occupancies......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 6
Figures & Tables......Page 10
Caveat......Page 11
Acknowledgments......Page 12
Acronymns & Abbreviations......Page 13
CHAPTER 1. HAZARDOUS GAS MONITORING......Page 14
Best Industry Practice & Code Intent......Page 15
Occupancy Classifications......Page 16
Risk Management & Corporate Safety Standards......Page 18
Concentrations......Page 20
Health Hazard Rating......Page 21
Flammability Hazard Rating......Page 22
Reactivity Hazard Rating......Page 23
Material Safety Data Sheets......Page 24
Monitoring Measurements......Page 25
CHAPTER 3. SUMMARY OF HAZARDOUS GAS MONITORING CODES......Page 26
Uniform Fire Code 1997 Edition......Page 29
Uniform Fire Code 2000 Edition......Page 39
International Fire Code 2000 Edition......Page 41
Standard Fire Prevention Code......Page 55
Sunnyvale CA Toxic Gas Ordinance......Page 57
Santa Clara County Fire Chiefs TGO Guidelines......Page 59
Palo Alto CA Toxic Gas Ordinance 1999......Page 61
NFPA 55 Standard for Storage, Use and Handling of Compressed and Liquified Gases in Portable Cylinders......Page 66
NFPA 318 Standard for the Protection of Cleanrooms......Page 67
Federal Requirements......Page 70
IEC Standard 61508 Functional Safety- Safety Related Systems......Page 76
ANSI/ISA Standard S84.01 Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industries......Page 78
Underwriters Laboratories Standards......Page 80
Oxygen Depletion Monitoring......Page 81
Refrigerant Vapor Alarm Systems......Page 82
System Testing Requirements......Page 90
Selection Criteria......Page 94
Sensor Types......Page 98
Problematic Gases......Page 113
Recommended Sensor Locations......Page 118
Sample Area Interference......Page 121
Using Portable Sensors......Page 122
Sensor Recalibration......Page 123
Other Sensor Considerations......Page 125
System Safety versus Reliability......Page 130
System Electrical Supervision......Page 131
System Redundancy......Page 133
System Diagnostics......Page 135
System Integration......Page 136
Monitoring Systems in General......Page 138
PLC-Based Monitoring Systems......Page 140
Fire Alarm Panel-Based Monitoring Systems......Page 146
Proprietary Network-Based Monitoring Systems......Page 148
LonWorks Network-Based Monitoring Systems......Page 150
System Communication Configurations......Page 151
Other Monitoring System Considerations......Page 152
Emergency Control Station......Page 153
Recommended Programmed Alarm Response......Page 156
Alarm Annunciation......Page 158
Chemical Delivery/Service Corridor Emergency Alarm......Page 161
Code Requirements......Page 162
Monitoring Problems......Page 163
Alternate Materials and Methods......Page 165
Direct Monitoring......Page 166
Relevant Certification......Page 168
Third-party Review Organizations......Page 169
System Review......Page 172
Alarm System Matrix......Page 173
System Testing......Page 174
Compliance Checklists......Page 175
A. Table of Typically Monitored Gases......Page 176
B. Zellweger Protocol for Testing Toxic Gas Detectors......Page 180
C. UFC Table A-VI-A-1-Normalization Factor......Page 190
D. Safety System Suppliers......Page 192
GLOSSARY......Page 198
REFERENCES......Page 208
INDEX......Page 216