Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

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[locator=10.1016/S0168-1273(07)38002-1,locator-type=doi]Chapter 237. Rare Earth-transition metal-plumbides  by Rainer Pöttgen and Ute Ch. Rodewald  Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany......Page 3
[locator=10.1016/S0168-1273(07)38003-3,locator-type=doi]Chapter 238. Higher borides  by Takao Mori  National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan......Page 4
[locator=10.1016/S0168-1273(07)38004-5,locator-type=doi]Chapter 239. Rare-earth nickel borocarbides  by K.-H. Müller, M. Schneider, G. Fuchs, and S.L. Drechsler  Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden, Germany......Page 5
[locator=10.1016/S0168-1273(07)38005-7,locator-type=doi]Chapter 240. Polyoxometalates  by Michael T. Pope  Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA......Page 6
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Lanthanide Higher Oxides: The Contributions of Leroy Eyring......Page 25
List of Symbols......Page 0
Introduction......Page 26
Historical Overview of the Lanthanide Higher Oxides......Page 27
Intrinsic Features of the Lanthanide Higher Oxides......Page 30
Phase diagrams with bi-variant parameters: temperature and oxygen partial pressure......Page 32
Hysteresis and composition domains......Page 36
Oxygen releasing features of the binary and ternary oxides containing Ce, Pr, Tb......Page 38
Structural Characteristics of the Lanthanide Higher Oxides......Page 42
Refined structures of the five homologous phases of the lanthanide higher oxides from experimental neutron diffraction data......Page 44
Fluorite-type module theory......Page 47
Coordination number of the lanthanide metal in the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 51
Composition domains in the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 53
Surface character and oxygen migration......Page 57
Structural modeling the undetermined structure of the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 60
Proposed structure of the Pr88O160 phase......Page 61
Proposal structure of the Ce19O34 phase......Page 63
From the binary oxide to the ternary oxide......Page 65
Electrical conductivity of the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 66
Conductivity of the ternary lanthanide higher oxides......Page 68
Catalytic properties of the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 69
Solvolytic disproportionation of the lanthanide higher oxides......Page 73
Summary......Page 74
References......Page 75
Rare Earth-Transition Metal-Plumbides......Page 78
Introduction......Page 79
Phase Diagrams......Page 80
Crystal Chemistry......Page 85
The structure types Mo2FeB2, Er2Au2Sn and Mn2AlB2......Page 86
The structure types CaIn2, ZrBeSi, NdPtSb, LiGaGe, CaLiSn, and YbAgPb......Page 101
The structure types KHg2 and TiNiSi......Page 104
The structure type ZrNiAl......Page 105
The structure type Ho6Co2Ga......Page 106
The structure types AuBe5 and Cu3Au......Page 107
The structure types Ce8Pd24Sb and Sm12Ni6In......Page 109
The structure type Hf5CuSn3......Page 110
The structure type La6Co11Ga3......Page 111
The structure types MnCu2Al and MgAgAs......Page 112
The structure type Yb3Rh4Sn13......Page 113
The structure type La4Ni3Pb4......Page 114
Ternary equiatomic plumbides RTPb......Page 116
Ternary plumbides R2T2Pb......Page 118
Ternary plumbides R6T13Pb......Page 119
The plumbide Ce8Pd24Pb......Page 121
Summary and Outlook......Page 122
References......Page 123
Higher Borides......Page 127
Introduction......Page 129
Synthesis Techniques......Page 130
Bonding in Higher Borides......Page 131
Electrical properties......Page 133
Magnetic properties......Page 135
Recent developments regarding magnetism of RB12......Page 136
RB66......Page 138
Structure of RB66......Page 139
Physical properties of RB66......Page 141
Crystal growth realized through addition of Si, and GdB44Si2......Page 142
Structure of RB50-type compounds......Page 145
The ytterbium phase......Page 149
Electrical resistivity of RB50-type compounds......Page 151
Nature of the antiferromagnetic transition of RB50-type compounds......Page 152
Mechanism of the magnetic interaction in RB50-type compounds......Page 154
Magnetic structure of RB50-type compounds......Page 156
Summary of magnetism of RB50-type compounds......Page 157
Bonding in RB25 and RAlB14......Page 158
Electrical properties of RB25 and RAlB14......Page 160
Magnetic properties of RAlB14......Page 161
Homologous R-B-C(N) Compounds: RB15.5CN, RB22C2N, RB28.5C4......Page 162
Crystal structures......Page 164
Magnetic properties: spin glass behavior......Page 165
Dynamical properties: indication of 2 dimensionality......Page 167
Comparison of magnetic properties......Page 169
RB18Si5 (R1.8B36C2Si8)......Page 171
Electrical properties of RB18Si5......Page 172
Magnetic properties of RB18Si5 and R1.8B36C2Si8......Page 174
Field dependence......Page 176
Sc Higher Borides......Page 179
RB66......Page 180
Doping of YB66......Page 181
RB44Si2 (RB50-type) compounds......Page 183
Homologous R-B-C(N) compounds: RB15.5CN RB22C2N, RB28.5C4......Page 187
Summary/Conclusion and Outlook......Page 190
References......Page 192
Rare-Earth Nickel Borocarbides......Page 196
Introduction......Page 200
The discovery of rare-earth nickel borocarbide superconductors......Page 201
Superconductors based on boron and carbon......Page 202
Superconductivity and magnetic ordering as antagonistic phenomena......Page 206
Superconductors with magnetic impurities......Page 207
Superconductivity and local-magnetic-moment cooperative phenomena......Page 208
Superconductivity and itinerant-electron magnetism......Page 212
RNi2B2C compounds......Page 213
LuNi2B2C-type-structure compounds......Page 216
Lattice distortions due to orbital ordering......Page 219
Single-, double- and triple-layer borocarbides (nitrides)......Page 221
Metastable and related R-T-B-C(N) phases......Page 223
Preparation of polycrystals, single crystals and thin films......Page 225
Electronic structure......Page 230
Superconducting coupling mechanism......Page 233
Magnetoresistance......Page 236
Hall effect......Page 238
Thermoelectric power......Page 239
Thermal conductivity......Page 240
Symmetry of the superconducting gap......Page 242
The role of thermal conductivity and specific heat......Page 245
Tunneling and point-contact spectroscopy......Page 248
de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect......Page 250
The upper critical field......Page 253
Effects of pressure......Page 259
Superconducting-state characteristics of YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C......Page 260
Magnetic and Superconducting Properties of RNi2B2C with R=Ce to Yb......Page 262
Magnetic order......Page 264
Orbital order......Page 267
CeNi2B2C......Page 270
PrNi2B2C......Page 271
NdNi2B2C......Page 273
SmNi2B2C......Page 274
GdNi2B2C......Page 275
TbNi2B2C......Page 277
DyNi2B2C......Page 279
HoNi2B2C......Page 281
Types of magnetic order in HoNi2B2C......Page 283
Metamagnetic transitions and magnetoresistance......Page 284
Reentrant and near-reentrant behavior......Page 287
Multiband coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism in HoNi2B2C......Page 289
ErNi2B2C......Page 292
Weak ferromagnetism in ErNi2B2C......Page 293
Coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in ErNi2B2C......Page 295
TmNi2B2C......Page 297
YbNi2B2C......Page 299
Non-magnetic borocarbides......Page 300
Hexagonal and square vortex lattice......Page 301
Vortex matter phase diagram......Page 307
Dynamics of the vortex lattice......Page 308
ErNi2B2C......Page 310
HoNi2B2C......Page 312
TmNi2B2C......Page 313
Partial substitution of Ni by T=Co, Cu, Pd, Pt, etc.......Page 314
Effects of chemical pressure and disorder......Page 316
Magnetic impurities in a non-magnetic superconductor......Page 323
Non-magnetic impurities in an antiferromagnetic superconductor......Page 327
(R,R')Ni2B2C superconductors with magnetic parent compounds......Page 329
Conclusions and Outlook......Page 331
Acknowledgements......Page 333
References......Page 334
Polyoxometalates......Page 358
Introduction......Page 359
Dodecamolybdocerates and related species......Page 361
The Peacock-Weakley anions......Page 363
Bis(pentatungsto)metalates, [R(W5O18)2]8,9-......Page 364
1:2 complexes (x = 2): trivalent lanthanides......Page 365
1:2 complexes: tetravalent lanthanides......Page 369
1:1 complexes (x = 1)......Page 372
Derivatives of 1:1 complexes......Page 375
Complexes of multivacant lacunary anions......Page 376
Polyoxotungstate ``cryptate'' derivatives......Page 383
Polyoxomolybdates......Page 387
Anderson-type hexamolybdate complexes......Page 388
R4Mo29 complexes......Page 389
Reduced molybdate complexes......Page 390
Niobates and vanadates......Page 392
Photophysical properties......Page 393
Other reported potential applications......Page 394
Perspectives......Page 395
References......Page 396
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