Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts

ویرایش: 2nd ed 
نویسندگان: Hoff. Ray  
سری:  
ISBN (شابک) : 9781119242130, 1119242215 
ناشر:  
سال نشر: 2018 
تعداد صفحات: 865 
زبان: English 
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) 
حجم فایل: 44 مگابایت 

قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 38,000

Intro -- Title Page -- Table of Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Industrial Metal Alkyls and Their Use in Polyolefin Catalysts -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Metal Alkyls in Ziegler-Natta Catalysts -- 1.3 Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.4 Manufacturers of Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.5 Pricing and Selection Criteria for Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.6 Methylaluminoxanes -- 1.7 Magnesium Alkyls -- 1.8 Organoboron Compounds -- 1.9 Organozinc Compounds -- References -- 2 Porous Silica in Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Production of Silica Gel Catalysts -- 2.3 Influence of Silica Gel Properties and Polymerization Conditions on Catalyst Performance -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Activator Supports for Metallocene and Related Catalysts -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Activator Support Studies -- 3.3 Activator Support Patents -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Computational Modeling of Polymerization Catalysts -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Computational Modeling of Chemical Reactions -- 4.3 Modeling the Catalyst Properties and the Polymerization Processes -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 5 Computational Studies of Chromium/Silica Catalysts -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mechanistic Proposals for Phillips Catalyst -- 5.3 Theoretical Study on Phillips Catalyst -- 5.4 The Limitation of the Current Computations and a Prospect for the Future -- References -- 6 Laboratory Reactors and Procedures for Catalyst Evaluation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Setup in the Fume Hood -- 6.3 Autoclave Reactors and Safety Relief Devices -- 6.4 Purification Methods -- 6.5 Modular Reactor System -- 6.6 Catalyst Addition -- 6.7 Temperature Control -- 6.8 Autoclave Reactor Setup -- 6.9 Copolymerization -- 6.10 Gas-Phase Laboratory Reactors -- References -- 7 Scale-Up of Catalyst Recipes to Commercial Production

7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Fundamental of Process Scale-Up -- 7.3 Considerations in Scaling Up a Laboratory Recipe -- 7.4 A Modern Polymerization Catalyst Production Facility -- 7.5 Other Scale-Up Considerations -- References -- 8 Supported Titanium/Magnesium Ziegler Catalysts for the Production of Polyethylene -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Particle-Form Technology -- 8.3 General Architecture and Preparation of Supported Catalysts -- 8.4 Nonuniformity of Active Centers in Supported Ziegler Catalysts -- 8.5 Kinetics and Mechanism of Ethylene Polymerization Reactions with Ziegler Catalysts -- 8.6 Kinetic Interpretation of Ethylene Polymerization Reactions -- 8.7 Active Centers in Ziegler Catalysts -- References -- 9 Stereospecific [alpha]-Olefin Polymerization with Heterogeneous Catalysts -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Traditional Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Systems -- 9.3 Stereospecific Single Site Catalysts -- 9.4 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Olefin Polymerization by Vanadium Complex Catalysts -- 10.1 Introduction: Classical Ziegler-Type Vanadium Catalyst Systems -- 10.2 Vanadium Complexes Designed for Olefin Coordination Insertion Polymerization -- 10.3 Outlook -- References -- 11 MgCl2-Supported Ti Catalysts for the Production of Morphology-Controlled Polyethylene -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Preparation of Morphology-Controlled MgCl2/TiCl4 Catalysts -- 11.3 Polymerization Processes -- 11.4 Effect of Prepolymerization on Activity Profiles and Prepolymer Properties -- 11.5 Polymerization Behavior -- 11.6 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 12 Product Morphology in Olefin Polymerization with Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalysts -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Preparation of Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalysts -- 12.3 Factors Affecting Morphology of Product Particles -- 12.4 Factors Affecting Product Morphology -- 12.5 Product Fines and Densities

12.6 Conclusions -- References -- 13 A Review of the Phillips Chromium Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization -- 13.1 Historical and Commercial Background -- 13.2 Catalyst Preparation -- 13.3 Control of Catalyst Activity -- 13.4 Control of Molecular Weight and MW Distribution -- 13.5 Control of Crystallinity -- 13.6 Control of Elasticity -- 13.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 14 Silica-Supported Silyl Chromate-Based Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Silyl Chromate Catalyst Development -- 14.3 Catalyst Structure -- 14.4 Polymerization Process -- 14.5 Product Characterization and Applications -- 14.6 Silica-Supported Reduced Silyl Chromate Catalyst Advancements -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 15 Late Transition Metal Catalyzed Co- and Terpolymerization of [alpha]-Olefins with Carbon Monoxide -- 15.1 Introduction and Historical Overview -- 15.2 Polyketone Synthesis: General Concept and Mechanism -- 15.3 Influence of the Catalyst on the Polymer Structure in [alpha]-Olefin/CO Copolymerization Reactions -- 15.4 Other Olefins for the Copolymerization with CO -- 15.5 Chemical Modification of Polyketones -- References -- 16 Ethylene Polymerization and [alpha]-Olefin Oligomerization Using Catalysts Derived from Phosphoranes and Ni(II) or Ni(0) Precursors -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Starting Materials -- References -- 17 Overview of Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerizations (ROMP) and Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET) Polymerizations with Selected Ruthenium and Molybdenum Complexes -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Ruthenium Catalysts -- 17.3 Molybdenum Complexes -- 17.4 Summary -- References -- 18 Copolymerization of Ethylene with Conjugated Dienes -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Conventional Ziegler-Natta Catalysts -- 18.3 Group 4 Metallocene Systems -- 18.4 Group 4 Post-metallocene Catalysts -- 18.5 Vanadium Bis(imino)pyridyl Catalysts

18.6 Group 8-, 9-, and 10-Based Catalysts -- 18.7 Rare Earth Catalysts -- 18.8 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix A: Pyrophoricity of Metal Alkyls -- A.1 Introduction -- A.2 Hazard Classifications -- A.3 Trends from Pyrophoricity Data -- A.4 Summary of Trends -- References -- Appendix B: Rheological Terms for Polymerization Catalyst Chemists -- B.1 Dynamic Rheometry -- B.2 Steady Rheometry -- B.3 Transient Rheometry -- Further Reading -- Index -- End User License Agreement  Read more...
Abstract: Intro -- Title Page -- Table of Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Industrial Metal Alkyls and Their Use in Polyolefin Catalysts -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Metal Alkyls in Ziegler-Natta Catalysts -- 1.3 Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.4 Manufacturers of Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.5 Pricing and Selection Criteria for Aluminum Alkyls -- 1.6 Methylaluminoxanes -- 1.7 Magnesium Alkyls -- 1.8 Organoboron Compounds -- 1.9 Organozinc Compounds -- References -- 2 Porous Silica in Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Production of Silica Gel Catalysts -- 2.3 Influence of Silica Gel Properties and Polymerization Conditions on Catalyst Performance -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Activator Supports for Metallocene and Related Catalysts -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Activator Support Studies -- 3.3 Activator Support Patents -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Computational Modeling of Polymerization Catalysts -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Computational Modeling of Chemical Reactions -- 4.3 Modeling the Catalyst Properties and the Polymerization Processes -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 5 Computational Studies of Chromium/Silica Catalysts -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mechanistic Proposals for Phillips Catalyst -- 5.3 Theoretical Study on Phillips Catalyst -- 5.4 The Limitation of the Current Computations and a Prospect for the Future -- References -- 6 Laboratory Reactors and Procedures for Catalyst Evaluation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Setup in the Fume Hood -- 6.3 Autoclave Reactors and Safety Relief Devices -- 6.4 Purification Methods -- 6.5 Modular Reactor System -- 6.6 Catalyst Addition -- 6.7 Temperature Control -- 6.8 Autoclave Reactor Setup -- 6.9 Copolymerization -- 6.10 Gas-Phase Laboratory Reactors -- References -- 7 Scale-Up of Catalyst Recipes to Commercial Production

7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Fundamental of Process Scale-Up -- 7.3 Considerations in Scaling Up a Laboratory Recipe -- 7.4 A Modern Polymerization Catalyst Production Facility -- 7.5 Other Scale-Up Considerations -- References -- 8 Supported Titanium/Magnesium Ziegler Catalysts for the Production of Polyethylene -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Particle-Form Technology -- 8.3 General Architecture and Preparation of Supported Catalysts -- 8.4 Nonuniformity of Active Centers in Supported Ziegler Catalysts -- 8.5 Kinetics and Mechanism of Ethylene Polymerization Reactions with Ziegler Catalysts -- 8.6 Kinetic Interpretation of Ethylene Polymerization Reactions -- 8.7 Active Centers in Ziegler Catalysts -- References -- 9 Stereospecific [alpha]-Olefin Polymerization with Heterogeneous Catalysts -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Traditional Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Systems -- 9.3 Stereospecific Single Site Catalysts -- 9.4 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Olefin Polymerization by Vanadium Complex Catalysts -- 10.1 Introduction: Classical Ziegler-Type Vanadium Catalyst Systems -- 10.2 Vanadium Complexes Designed for Olefin Coordination Insertion Polymerization -- 10.3 Outlook -- References -- 11 MgCl2-Supported Ti Catalysts for the Production of Morphology-Controlled Polyethylene -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Preparation of Morphology-Controlled MgCl2/TiCl4 Catalysts -- 11.3 Polymerization Processes -- 11.4 Effect of Prepolymerization on Activity Profiles and Prepolymer Properties -- 11.5 Polymerization Behavior -- 11.6 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 12 Product Morphology in Olefin Polymerization with Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalysts -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Preparation of Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalysts -- 12.3 Factors Affecting Morphology of Product Particles -- 12.4 Factors Affecting Product Morphology -- 12.5 Product Fines and Densities

12.6 Conclusions -- References -- 13 A Review of the Phillips Chromium Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization -- 13.1 Historical and Commercial Background -- 13.2 Catalyst Preparation -- 13.3 Control of Catalyst Activity -- 13.4 Control of Molecular Weight and MW Distribution -- 13.5 Control of Crystallinity -- 13.6 Control of Elasticity -- 13.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 14 Silica-Supported Silyl Chromate-Based Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Silyl Chromate Catalyst Development -- 14.3 Catalyst Structure -- 14.4 Polymerization Process -- 14.5 Product Characterization and Applications -- 14.6 Silica-Supported Reduced Silyl Chromate Catalyst Advancements -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 15 Late Transition Metal Catalyzed Co- and Terpolymerization of [alpha]-Olefins with Carbon Monoxide -- 15.1 Introduction and Historical Overview -- 15.2 Polyketone Synthesis: General Concept and Mechanism -- 15.3 Influence of the Catalyst on the Polymer Structure in [alpha]-Olefin/CO Copolymerization Reactions -- 15.4 Other Olefins for the Copolymerization with CO -- 15.5 Chemical Modification of Polyketones -- References -- 16 Ethylene Polymerization and [alpha]-Olefin Oligomerization Using Catalysts Derived from Phosphoranes and Ni(II) or Ni(0) Precursors -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Starting Materials -- References -- 17 Overview of Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerizations (ROMP) and Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET) Polymerizations with Selected Ruthenium and Molybdenum Complexes -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Ruthenium Catalysts -- 17.3 Molybdenum Complexes -- 17.4 Summary -- References -- 18 Copolymerization of Ethylene with Conjugated Dienes -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Conventional Ziegler-Natta Catalysts -- 18.3 Group 4 Metallocene Systems -- 18.4 Group 4 Post-metallocene Catalysts -- 18.5 Vanadium Bis(imino)pyridyl Catalysts

18.6 Group 8-, 9-, and 10-Based Catalysts -- 18.7 Rare Earth Catalysts -- 18.8 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix A: Pyrophoricity of Metal Alkyls -- A.1 Introduction -- A.2 Hazard Classifications -- A.3 Trends from Pyrophoricity Data -- A.4 Summary of Trends -- References -- Appendix B: Rheological Terms for Polymerization Catalyst Chemists -- B.1 Dynamic Rheometry -- B.2 Steady Rheometry -- B.3 Transient Rheometry -- Further Reading -- Index -- End User License Agreement

Content: Intro
 Title Page
 Table of Contents
 Notes on Contributors
 Preface
 Acknowledgments
 1 Industrial Metal Alkyls and Their Use in Polyolefin Catalysts
 1.1 Introduction
 1.2 Metal Alkyls in Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
 1.3 Aluminum Alkyls
 1.4 Manufacturers of Aluminum Alkyls
 1.5 Pricing and Selection Criteria for Aluminum Alkyls
 1.6 Methylaluminoxanes
 1.7 Magnesium Alkyls
 1.8 Organoboron Compounds
 1.9 Organozinc Compounds
 References
 2 Porous Silica in Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts
 2.1 Introduction
 2.2 Production of Silica Gel Catalysts 2.3 Influence of Silica Gel Properties and Polymerization Conditions on Catalyst Performance2.4 Conclusions
 References
 3 Activator Supports for Metallocene and Related Catalysts
 3.1 Introduction
 3.2 Activator Support Studies
 3.3 Activator Support Patents
 3.4 Conclusion
 References
 4 Computational Modeling of Polymerization Catalysts
 4.1 Introduction
 4.2 Computational Modeling of Chemical Reactions
 4.3 Modeling the Catalyst Properties and the Polymerization Processes
 4.4 Concluding Remarks
 Acknowledgment
 References
 5 Computational Studies of Chromium/Silica Catalysts 5.1 Introduction5.2 Mechanistic Proposals for Phillips Catalyst
 5.3 Theoretical Study on Phillips Catalyst
 5.4 The Limitation of the Current Computations and a Prospect for the Future
 References
 6 Laboratory Reactors and Procedures for Catalyst Evaluation
 6.1 Introduction
 6.2 Setup in the Fume Hood
 6.3 Autoclave Reactors and Safety Relief Devices
 6.4 Purification Methods
 6.5 Modular Reactor System
 6.6 Catalyst Addition
 6.7 Temperature Control
 6.8 Autoclave Reactor Setup
 6.9 Copolymerization
 6.10 Gas‐Phase Laboratory Reactors
 References 7 Scale‐Up of Catalyst Recipes to Commercial Production7.1 Introduction
 7.2 Fundamental of Process Scale‐Up
 7.3 Considerations in Scaling Up a Laboratory Recipe
 7.4 A Modern Polymerization Catalyst Production Facility
 7.5 Other Scale‐Up Considerations
 References
 8 Supported Titanium/Magnesium Ziegler Catalysts for the Production of Polyethylene
 8.1 Introduction
 8.2 Particle‐Form Technology
 8.3 General Architecture and Preparation of Supported Catalysts
 8.4 Nonuniformity of Active Centers in Supported Ziegler Catalysts