Handbook of Software Quality Assurance, 4th ed

Chapter 1 Organizing for Quality Management......Page 1
Contents......Page 7
1.1 The Quality Management Framework......Page 21
1.2 Quality Program Concepts......Page 28
1.4 Quality Program Organizational Relationships......Page 37
1.5 Mapping Quality Program Functions to Project Organizational Entities......Page 42
1.6 Example Organizational Implementations of a Quality Program......Page 47
1.7 Summary......Page 53
2.1 Introduction......Page 55
2.2 Kaoru Ishikawa......Page 57
2.3 Joseph M. Juran......Page 59
2.4 Yoji Akao......Page 63
2.5 W. Edwards Deming......Page 64
2.6 Genichi Taguchi......Page 69
2.7 Shigeo Shingo......Page 71
2.8 Philip Crosby......Page 72
2.9 Watts S. Humphrey......Page 76
2.10 Conclusion......Page 80
3.1 SQA in ISO Standards......Page 83
3.2 SQA in IEEE Standards......Page 89
3.3 SQA in COBIT......Page 92
3.4 SQA in ITIL®......Page 94
3.5 SQA and Other Standards......Page 97
3.6 Whatever Happened to U.S. Department of Defense Standards?......Page 100
3.7 Reminders About Conformance and Certification......Page 103
3.8 Future Trends......Page 104
4.1 Introduction......Page 109
4.2 Facing the Challenge......Page 110
4.3 Organization Structure......Page 112
4.4 Identifying Software Quality Assurance Personnel Needs......Page 114
4.5 Characteristics of a Good SQA Engineer......Page 117
4.7 Training the Software Engineer......Page 119
4.8 Rotating Software Engineers......Page 121
4.9 New College Graduates......Page 122
4.10 SQA Employment Requisitions......Page 123
4.11 What to Expect from Your SQA Engineering Staff......Page 124
4.13 Recommendations......Page 126
Appendix 4A Typical Software Quality–Related Job Descriptions......Page 127
5.1 Introduction......Page 131
5.2 Context for a Quality Evaluation Training Program......Page 132
5.3 Two Examples......Page 136
5.4 Summary......Page 139
6.1 Introduction......Page 141
6.2 WWMCCS—Classic Example 1......Page 143
6.3 Federal Reserve Bank—Classic Example 2......Page 147
6.4 Defect Identification......Page 152
6.5 Inspection......Page 160
6.6 Pareto Charts Comparison......Page 163
6.7 Conclusions......Page 165
7.1 Origin and Evolution......Page 169
7.3 Scope......Page 170
7.4 Elements......Page 172
7.5 Preparation for Expert Use......Page 187
7.6 Measurements......Page 188
7.7 Transition from Cost to Quality......Page 191
7.8 Software Inspections Roll Out......Page 193
7.9 Future Directions......Page 195
7.10 Conclusion......Page 197
8.1 Introduction......Page 199
8.2 Types of Software Audits......Page 201
8.3 Preparation for a Software Audit......Page 217
8.4 Performing the Audit......Page 221
8.5 Results and Ramifications......Page 224
8.6 Conclusions......Page 227
9.1 Introduction......Page 231
9.3 The Confusing World of Software Safety......Page 232
9.4 Standards, Guidelines, and Certifications......Page 233
9.5 What Does It Take to Develop a Software Safety Assurance Program?......Page 235
9.6 Requirements Drive Safety......Page 237
9.7 Design of a System Safety Program......Page 241
9.9 Recommendations......Page 243
10.1 ASQ Background......Page 247
10.2 ASQ Certification Program......Page 248
10.3 How Is a Certification Exam Developed?......Page 252
10.4 How Should You Prepare for the Exam?......Page 257
10.5 What Is in the Body of Knowledge?......Page 258
10.6 Recertification......Page 273
11.1 Software Quality Engineering/Management......Page 277
11.2 Software Engineering Institute’s CMMI®......Page 279
11.3 PPQA in the CMMI®......Page 282
11.5 Quality Management and Quality Assurance Infrastructure......Page 294
11.6 Using Criticality and Configuration Management Status Accountingto Govern Quality......Page 295
11.7 Quality Auditing......Page 297
11.8 Quality Reporting......Page 299
11.9 Proactive Support of Projects......Page 301
11.10 SQA Support Levels......Page 302
11.11 Software Configuration Management......Page 304
11.12 Traps in SQA Implementation of PPQA......Page 306
11.13 Summary......Page 308
12.1 Introduction......Page 311
12.2 Definitions......Page 312
12.3 Staff Considerations......Page 313
12.4 Training Considerations......Page 315
12.5 What Makes Sense for Your Organization/Project(s)?......Page 316
12.6 Success Without Stress and Undue Expense......Page 318
12.8 Compliance with ISO and CMMI®......Page 327
12.9 Summary......Page 329
13.1 Introduction......Page 331
13.2 Software QA Versus Traditional QA......Page 332
13.3 Development Quality Assurance......Page 333
13.4 Systems and Software Quality Assurance: An Integrated Approach......Page 334
13.6 Hardware Design Quality Assurance......Page 344
13.7 Overcoming Cultural Resistance......Page 347
13.8 Conclusion......Page 349
14.1 Introduction......Page 351
14.2 Key IT Processes......Page 352
14.3 IT Best Practices......Page 353
14.4 ITSM Standards......Page 357
14.5 Selecting a Process Improvement Model......Page 367
14.6 Customer Requirements......Page 372
14.7 Monitoring and Measuring ITSM Performance......Page 378
14.8 Procurement Quality—Outstanding......Page 382
14.9 IT Quality Professional......Page 384
14.10 Conclusion......Page 388
15.2 The Concept of Cost of Software Quality......Page 391
15.3 Costs of Control......Page 392
15.4 Failure of Control Costs......Page 395
15.5 Implementation of a Cost of Software Quality System......Page 397
15.6 The Contribution of a CoSQ System to the Organization......Page 399
15.8 Limitations of the Classic CoSQ Model......Page 400
15.9 Extreme Cases of Costs of Software Quality......Page 401
15.10 Conclusion......Page 402
Appendix 15A An Extended Model for Cost of Software Quality......Page 407
16.1 Introduction......Page 413
16.2 Software Quality Indicators......Page 415
16.3 Practical Software and Systems Measurement (PSM)......Page 416
16.4 CMMI® Measurement and Analysis......Page 423
16.5 CMMI® Higher Maturity Measurements......Page 425
16.6 Practical Implementations......Page 427
16.7 Conclusion......Page 441
17.2 Software Reliability Engineering......Page 445
17.3 SRE Process and Fone Follower Example......Page 448
17.5 To Explore Further......Page 455
List of Acronyms......Page 459
About the Authors......Page 467
Index......Page 477