Handbook of Polymers for Pharmaceutical Technologies, Processing and Applications Volume 2

Content: Cover
 Title Page
 Copyright Page
 Dedication
 Contents
 Preface
 1 Gellan as Novel Pharmaceutical Excipient
 1.1 Introduction
 1.2 Structural Properties of Gellan
 1.3 Physiochemical Properties of Gellan
 1.3.1 Gelling Features and Texture Properties
 1.3.2 Rheology
 1.3.3 Biosafety and Toxicological Studies
 1.4 Pharmaceutical Applications of Gellan
 1.4.1 Gellan-Based Pharmaceutical Formulations
 1.4.1.1 Gel Formulations
 1.4.1.2 Mucoadhesive Formulations
 1.4.1.3 Granulating/Adhesive Agents and Tablet Binders
 1.4.1.4 Controlled Release Dosage Form
 1.4.1.5 Microspheres and Microcapsules 1.4.1.6 Gellan Beads1.4.1.7 Gellan Films
 1.4.1.8 Gellan Nanohydrogels
 1.4.1.9 Gellan Nanoparticles
 1.4.2 Role of Gellan Excipients in Drug Delivery and Wound Healing
 1.4.2.1 Ophthalmic Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.2 Nasal Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.3 Oral Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.4 Buccal Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.5 Periodontal Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.6 Gastrointestinal Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.7 Vaginal Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.8 Colon Drug Delivery
 1.4.2.9 Wound Healing
 1.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
 References
 2 Application of Polymer Combinations in Extended Release Hydrophilic Matrices 2.1 Extended Release Matrices2.1.1 Polymers Used in ER Matrices
 2.1.2 Water-Soluble (Hydrophilic) Polymers
 2.1.3 Water-Insoluble Polymers
 2.1.4 Fatty Acids/Alcohols/Waxes
 2.2 Polymer Combinations Used in ER matrices
 2.2.1 Compatibility and Miscibility of Polymers
 2.2.2 Combination of Non-Ionic Polymers
 2.3 Combination of Non-Ionic with Ionic Polymers
 2.4 Combinations of Ionic Polymers
 2.5 Other Polymer Combinations
 2.6 Effect of Dissolution Method (Media) on Drug Release from ER Matrices Containing Polymer Combinations 2.7 Main Mechanisms of Drug-Polymer and/or Polymer-Polymer Interaction in ER Formulations2.8 Summary and Conclusions
 References
 3 Reagents for the Covalent Attachment of mPEG to Peptides and Proteins
 3.1 Introduction
 3.2 General Considerations about PEG Reagents and PEGylation Reactions
 3.3 PEGylation of Amino Groups
 3.3.1 PEGylation by Urethane Linkage Formation
 3.3.2 PEGylation by Amide Linkage Formation
 3.3.3 PEGylation by Reductive Amination
 3.3.4 PEGylation by Alkylation
 3.4 PEGylation of Thiol Groups
 3.5 Reversible PEGylation
 3.6 Enzymatic PEGylation 3.7 PEGylation of Carbohydrates Residues3.8 PEGylation by Click Chemistry
 3.9 Other PEGylations
 3.9.1 PEGylation at Arginine
 3.9.2 PEGylation at Tirosine
 3.9.3 PEGylation at Histidine
 3.9.4 PEGylation at Carboxylic Groups
 3.9.5 PEGylation with mPEG Isothiocyanate
 3.10 Actual Trends
 3.11 Conclusions
 Acknowledgements
 References
 4 Critical Points and Phase Transitions in Polymeric Matrices for Controlled Drug Release
 4.1 Introduction
 4.2 Matrix Systems
 4.2.1 Inert Matrices
 4.2.2 Hydrophilic Matrices
 4.2.3 Lipidic Matrices