Handbook of Machine Tool Analysis

Handbook of Machine Tool Analysis......Page 1
PREFACE......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 5
1.1 INTRODUCTION: THE PLACE AND THE ROLE OF DIAGNOSIS IN MODERN TECHNICAL SYSTEMS......Page 9
1.2 MONITORING, THE FIRST STEP IN ESTABLISHING THE TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTIC......Page 11
1.3 APPLICATION OF VIBROACOUSTIC DIAGNOSIS TO MACHINE TOOLS......Page 13
1.3.1.1 FREE VIBRATIONS......Page 14
1.3.1.2 AUTOVIBRATIONS......Page 16
1.3.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR MACHINE TOOL DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS......Page 19
1.3.3 STAGES OF TECHNICAL DIAGNOSIS IMPLEMENTATION ON MACHINE TOOLS......Page 24
1.3.4 EFFICIENCY OF THE DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS......Page 25
1.4 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION FOR ESTABLISHING TECHNICAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 26
2.1 DIAGNOSIS OF ROLLING BEARINGS......Page 32
2.2 DIAGNOSIS OF SLIPPING BEARINGS......Page 41
2.3 DIAGNOSIS OF GEAR WHEEL TRANSMISSIONS......Page 43
2.5.1 VIBROACOUSTIC PHENOMENA OF MECHANICAL NATURE......Page 51
2.5.2 VIBROACOUSTIC PHENOMENA OF MAGNETIC NATURE......Page 52
2.6 DIAGNOSIS OF SOME DEVIATIONS OF THE ROTATIONAL PARTS......Page 56
2.6.1 IMBALANCE (LACK OF POISE)......Page 57
2.6.3 DIMENSIONAL AND SHAPE DEVIATIONS......Page 58
2.7.1 DIAGNOSIS OF THE CUTTING TOOL......Page 59
2.7.1.2 LOAD CHARACTERISTICS EVALUATION OF THE TOOL STATE......Page 61
2.7.1.3 ACOUSTICAL EMISSION (AE) EVALUATION OF THE TOOL STATE......Page 62
2.7.2 DIAGNOSIS OF THE CUTTING PROCESS......Page 64
2.8 TECHNICAL DIAGNOSIS IN FLEXIBLE PROCESSING SYSTEMS......Page 70
2.9 CONCLUSIONS: THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES......Page 72
3.1.1 STATISTICAL METHODS......Page 75
3.1.2 PROBABILISTIC METHODS......Page 77
3.2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS TO ESTABLISH TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTICS......Page 79
3.2.1 SPECIFIC PARAMETERS COMMON TO VIBROACOUSTIC METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS......Page 80
3.2.2.2 DIAGNOSTIC INDEX METHOD......Page 83
3.2.2.3 KURTOSIS METHOD......Page 85
3.2.2.4 SHOCK IMPULSE METHODS......Page 87
3.2.3.1 SPECTRUM COMPARISON METHOD......Page 90
3.2.3.2 EVOLUTE METHOD......Page 92
3.2.3.3 CEPSTRUM ANALYSIS METHOD......Page 96
3.2.3.4 ACOUSTIC EMISSION METHOD......Page 98
3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE USE OF DIAGNOSIS METHODS FOR MACHINE TOOLS......Page 102
4.1 INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS......Page 104
4.2 THE EXPERIMENTAL STAND......Page 106
4.3 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE KINEMATIC FEED CHAIN MECHANICAL SYSTEM......Page 109
4.3.1 THE METHOD AND IMAGES 3D ALGORITHM......Page 110
4.3.2 DISCRETIZATION OF THE PHYSICAL MODEL......Page 111
4.3.3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL MODEL......Page 113
4.3.4 MODAL ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL MODEL......Page 114
4.4 EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF KINEMATIC FEED CHAIN MECHANICAL SYSTEM......Page 117
4.5 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS IN FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 125
5.1 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION: LABVIEW GRAPHICAL PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT......Page 127
5.2 STRUCTURE OF LABVIEW VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT......Page 129
5.3 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION FOR SURFACE DIAGNOSIS......Page 131
5.4 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION FOR PROFOUNDNESS DIAGNOSIS......Page 140
6.1 VIBRATION AND NOISE SOURCES DURING FEED KINEMATIC CHAIN OPERATION......Page 156
6.2 CALCULUS OF THE CHARACTERISTIC FREQUENCIES OF BEARINGS......Page 158
6.3 CALCULUS OF FREQUENCIES THAT CHARACTERIZE THE BALL SCREW-NUT MECHANISM......Page 162
6.4 CALCULUS OF CHARACTERISTIC FREQUENCIES FOR THE TANKETTE WITH ROLLS......Page 169
6.5 PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH......Page 170
6.5.1 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH WITH GENERAL USE INSTRUMENTATION......Page 172
6.5.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH USING FREQUENCY ANALYSIS......Page 175
6.6.1 STRUCTURE OF DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESS SYSTEM IN VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION......Page 183
6.6.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN SURFACE DIAGNOSTICS......Page 184
6.6.3 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN PROFOUNDNESS DIAGNOSTICS......Page 186
6.6.4 ADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION IN TECHNICAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 193
7.1.1 INFORMATION NEURAL PROCESSING......Page 195
7.1.2 THE LEARNING PROCESS IN NEURAL NETWORKS......Page 200
7.2.1 MULTICRITERIA APPLICATION FOR “GOOD/DEFECTIVE” CLASSI.CATION......Page 207
7.2.2 APPLICATION FOR NEURAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE WORKING STATE......Page 215
7.3 FINAL REMARKS AND PROSPECTS FOR UTILIZING NEURAL NETWORKS FOR MACHINE TOOL DIAGNOSIS......Page 223
8.1 GENERAL ASPECTS AND CONCLUSIONS—RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 227
8.2 ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS......Page 231
8.2.1 PERSPECTIVES FOR CONTINUING RESEARCH......Page 232
A1.1.1 INDKURT VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT APPLIED TO SOME ELEMENTS OF THE FEED KINEMATIC CHAIN STRUCTURE (TESTED PHYSICAL MODEL)......Page 234
A2.1.1 MECOSPEC VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT APPLIED TO A RADIAL BALL BEARING COMING FROM A SHEET METAL ROLLING MILL......Page 241
A3.1 COMPELLED VIBRATIONS......Page 246
A3.2.1 PERIODIC DETERMINIST VIBRATIONS......Page 247
A3.2.2 ALEATORY VIBRATIONS......Page 249
A3.2.3 ERGODIC AND STATIONARY ALEATORY VIBRATIONS......Page 251
A3.2.4.1 SOUND AND NOISE......Page 252
A3.2.4.2 ACOUSTIC EMISSION......Page 258
A3.2.4.4 ACOUSTIC PARAMETERS......Page 260
A3.3.1 TIME ANALYSIS......Page 262
A3.3.2 ANALYSIS IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN......Page 265
A3.3.2.1 FREQUENCY ANALYSIS FOR TIGHT BANDWIDTH......Page 266
A3.3.2.2 FREQUENCY ANALYSIS USING FOURIER SERIES......Page 269
A3.3.2.3 FREQUENCY ANALYSIS USING DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM......Page 270
A3.3.2.4 FREQUENCY ANALYSIS UTILIZING FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM......Page 272
A3.3.2.6 FREQUENCY RESPONSE FUNCTION......Page 277
A3.3.2.7 ANALYSIS IN THE AMPLITUDE FIELD......Page 279
A3.3.3.2 METHOD OF IMPULSE AMPLITUDE MEDIATION......Page 281
A3.3.3.3 METHOD OF SOURCE LOCALIZATION......Page 283
A3.3.4.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS......Page 284
A3.3.4.2 IMPLEMENTATION STAGES......Page 285
REFERENCES......Page 286