Handbook Of Clinical And Experimental Neuropsychology

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
Part I: Methodological Problems in Neuropsychology
	1.Neuropsychology: Introductory Concepts
	2.Behavioural Methods in Neuropsychology
		Introduction
		Stimuli and Presentation Techniques
		Measures of Performance
		Experimental Paradigms
	3.Electrophysiological Methods in Neuropsychology
		Introduction
		The Autonomic Nervous System
		Retinal Activity and Eye Movements
		Brain Activity
	4. The Evaluation of Experimental Data
		Introduction
		Measurement
		Sampling: Group Vs.Single Case Studies
		Neuropsychological Tests and Diagnostic Practice
		Evaluation of the Effects of Treatments
		Advances in Data Analysis
		Acknowledgements
	5. Neuroimaging Methods in Neuropsychology
		Introduction
		Anatomical Imaging
		Functional Imaging
		Conclusions
	6. The Methodological Foundations of Neuropsychology
		The Neural Basis of Mental Activity
		A Simulation Approach: Connectionist Modelling
		The Neuropsychological Method
		Cognitive Neuropsychology
		Some Specific Methodological  Problems
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
Part II: Language Disorders in Neuropsychology
	7. Development of The Concept of Aphasia
		The Principle of Localisation and The Associationistic Model
		The Noetic School and The Unitary  Interpretation of Aphasia
		Empirical Classifications and Geschwind’s Neo-Associationist Model
		Luria and The Concept of Functional Systems
		Linguistic Interpretations of Aphasia
	8. The Neurological Foundations of Language
		Introduction
		Neurological Correlates of the Aphasie Syndromes
		Neurological Correlates of Aphasie Symptoms
		Aphasia in Special Populations
		Functional Mapping of The Cerebral Organisation of Language in Normal Subjects
		Conclusions
	9. Clinical Aspects of Aphasia
		Definition of Aphasia
		Why a Diagnosis?
		Diagnostic Criteria
		Conclusions
	10. Phonological Disorders in Aphasia
		Introduction
		Production Disorders
		Comprehension Disorders
		The Relationship Between Production Disorders and Comprehension
	11. Lexical-Semantic Disorders in Aphasia
		Introduction
		Semantics
		The Lexicon: A General Model
		The Representation of Complex Words
		Comprehension and Production in Aphasia
		Factors Influencing Retrieval and Understanding of Words
		Modality-Specific Aphasias
		Category-Specific Aphasias
		The Question of Multiple Semantic Systems
		Access (Refractory) Vs. Storage Deficits
		The Central (Semantic and Conceptual) Levels of Representation
	12. Grammatical Deficits in Aphasia
		Introduction
		Agrammatism as A Production Deficit
		Agrammatism as A Deficit of Central Mechanisms
		Dissociations Between Production and Comprehension Deficits
		Analyses of Grammatical Production Deficits
		Paragrammatic Production
		Problems With Research on Clinically Defined Grammatical Disorders
		Grammatical Production Deficits
		Grammatical Comprehension Deficits
		Anatomo-Clinical Correlates of Grammatical Disorders
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
	13. Disorders of Conceptual Thinking in Aphasia
		Introduction
		History
		Revival of Research in the 1960s
		Tentative Hypotheses and Recent Research
		Conclusions
		Appendix: Practical Implications
	14. Acquired Dyslexias and Dysgraphias
		Orthographic Systems
		Acquired Dyslexias
		Computational Models
		The Diagnosis of Dyslexia
		Cognitive Classification of The Acquired Disorders of Reading
		Central Dyslexias
		Peripheral Dyslexias
		Models of Writing
		Central Agraphias
		Peripheral Agraphias
Part III: Memory Disorders
	15. Neuropsychological Disorders of Memory
		The Architecture of Human Memory
		Deficits of Short-Term Memory
		Disorders of Ltm: Amnesia
		Notes
Part IV: Recognition Disorders
	16. Agnosia
		Anatomo-Functional Organisation of the Visual Cortex
		Perceptual Deficits
		Visual Agnosia
		Tactile Agnosia
	17. The Neuropsychology of Music
		Normal Subjects
		Brain-Damaged Subjects
		Single Cases
		Music Production
		Conclusion
Part V: Movement Disorders
	18. Apraxia
		Ideomotor Apraxia
		Melokinetic Apraxia
		Ideational Apraxia
		Trunk Apraxia
		Oral Apraxia
	19. Constructional Apraxia
		Definition
		Assessment of Constructional Abilities
Part VI: Spatial Disorders
	20. Visuospatial and Imagery Disorders
		Spatial Perception and its Disorders
		Optic (Visuomotor) Ataxia
		Bâlint-Holmes Syndrome
		Right Hemisphere Developmental Learning Disability
		Spatial Memory and its Disorders
		Disorders of Topographical Orientation
		Reduplicative Paramnesia For Places
		Visuospatial Imagery
	21. Unilateral Neglect and Related Disorders
		Clinical Manifestations
		Allied Disorders
		Clinico-Anatomical Correlations
		The Course of Unilateral Neglect
		Interpretation of the Syndrome
		Spatial Features
		Influence of Stimulation
		Anosognosia
		Somatoparaphrenia
		Dyschiria and its Interpretation
		Implications For Cognitive Sciences
	22. Disorders of Body Awareness and Body Knowledge
		Introduction
		Clinical Aspects
		Mechanisms Underlying Bilateral Disturbances of Body Knowledge
		Hemisomatoagnosia
		Somatoagnosic Illusions and Hallucinations
		Concluding Remarks
Part VII: Attentional Disorders
	23. Neuropsychology of Attention
		Introduction
		Level of Selection
		Automatic and Controlled Processes
		One or Many Attentional Systems?
		Acknowledgements
	24. The Frontal Lobe
		Structure and Connectivity of the Frontal Cortex
		Functions of the Frontal Eye Field and Premotor Cortex: Attending to the Present
		Functions of The Prefrontal Cortex: Planning For the Future
		Acknowledgements
	25. Acute Confusional State
		Introduction
		Clinical Manifestations of the Acute Confusional State
		Etiological Factors
		Neuropsychology
		Conclusions
Part VIII: Special Syndromes
	26. Calculations and Number Processing
		Introduction
		The Number Processing System
		Calculation
		Other Components
		Calculation, Number Processing, and Other Cognitive Systems
		Anatomo-Clinical Correlates
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
	27. Neuropsychology of Emotions
		What are Emotions?
		Theoretical and Applicative Aspects
		Characteristics of The Emotional and Cognitive Systems
		The Role of Subcortical and Cortical Structures in The Spontaneous Expression and Control of Emotions
		Cortical Regulation of the Basic Mechanisms of Emotion
		Emotional Disorders in Brain-Damaged Patients
		Conclusions
	28. Interhemispheric Disconnection Syndromes
		Introduction
		Historical Development
		Symptomatology
		Temporary Unrelated Symptoms
		Mind and Consciousness in the Split Brain
	29. The Neuropsychological Approach to Consciousness
		Preliminary Definitions
		Explanatory Practicability
		The Mapping of Consciousness in the Brain
		The Diachronic Articulation of Consciousness
		The Causal Role of Consciousness
		Neural Mechanisms of Consciousness
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
Part IX: Dementia
	30. Dementia: Definition and Diagnostic Approach
		The Meaning of the Term “Dementia”
		Neuropsychological Taxonomy of The Dementias
		Descriptive Definition of Dementia
		Operational Definition of Cpcd
		Diagnostic Approach
		Conclusions
	31. Alzheimer’s Disease
		Introduction
		Memory Disorders
		Deficits of The “Instrumental” Functions
		Deficits of The “Control” Functions
		Tentative General Understanding of Ad
		Diagnosis, Contact With Relatives, and Ethical Issues
		Acknowledgements
	32. Non-Alzheimer Dementias
		Introduction
		Degenerative Dementias
		Dementias Associated With “Extrapyramidal” Pathology
		Vascular Dementia
		Dementias and Cognitive Disorders Associated With Infectious Pathology
		Dementia of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (Nph)
		Cognitive Disorders Associated With Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)
		Dementia Associated With Metabolic and Deficiency States
		Dementia and Psychiatry
		Miscellaneous
	33. Slowly Progressive Isolated Cognitive Deficits
		Overview
		Introduction
		Definition
		Slowly Progressive Aphasia
		Semantic Dementia
		Slowly Progressive Aphemia
		Slowly Progressive Gerstmann Syndrome
		Slowly Progressive Apraxia
		Slowly Progressive Amusia
		Slowly Progressive Prosopagnosia
		Slowly Progressive Unilateral Visuospatial Neglect
		Slowly Progressive Simultanagnosia
		Slowly Progressive Isolated Anterograde Amnesia
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		Note
	34. Language Disorders in Dementia
		Claudio Luzzatti Introduction
		Language Modifications in the Elderly
		Language Disorders in Alzheimer’s Dementia
		The Cognitive Neuropsychological Approach to Ad
		Language Disorders and Dementia of Various Aetiologies
		Primary Progressive Aphasia and Dementia
		General Conclusions
		Notes
Part X: Recovery of Functions
	35. Recovery of Cerebral Functions
		Cerebral Plasticity
		Neuropsychological Disorders
		The Prognosis
		Conclusions
	36. Aphasia Rehabilitation
		A Brief History
		Effectiveness of Rehabilitation
		A Theory of Rehabilitation
		Conclusions
	37. Visual, Visuospatial, and Attentional Disorders
		Introduction
		Disorders Involving Reductions of The Visual Field
		Heminattentive Disorder
		Constructive Apraxia
		Basic Attention Disorders
		General Conclusions
		Note
	38. The Rehabilitation of Memory
		Introduction
		A Brief Theoretical Framework
		Methods of Memory Rehabilitation
		Effectiveness of Rehabilitative Methods
		Conclusions
References
Subject Index