Gringo Injustice: Insider Perspectives on Police, Gangs, and Law

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of figures
List of contributors
Preface
Introduction
	The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848
	Gringo Injustice
	Gringos and Greasers
	Police Killings of Latinos
	The Structure of the Book
	Notes
	References
	Public Document
	Cases Cited
PART I: State-Sanctioned Violence
	1. A History of Anti-Latino State-Sanctioned Violence: Executions, Lynchings, and Hate Crimes
		Introduction
		Latino Lynching: A Brief History
		Contemporary Backlash Against Immigrants in the Public Sphere
		Hate Crimes and State Violence against Latinos
		Lynching by Another Name
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
		Cases Cited
	2. Officer-Involved Shootings of Latinos: Moving Beyond the Black/White Binary
		The Existing Data
		Early Patterns from New Data
		Conclusion
		Policy Suggestions
		Notes
		References
	3. Interest-Convergence Theory and Police Use of Deadly Force on Latinos: A Case Study of Three Shootings
		Methods
		Interest-Convergence Theory: An Overview
		“Los Tres Disparos”: Three Police Shootings
		The Move Forward Project: A Pilot Program in Community-Police Engagement
		Holistic Policing
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
		Cases Cited
	4. Killing Ismael Mena: “The SWAT Teams Feared for Their Lives…”
		Introduction
		SWAT Anatomy of a Murder
		The Informant and the Police Cover-Up
		Public Outrage over “No-Knock” Search Warrants
		The Justice for Mena Committee (“JMC”)
		“Settled but Not Solved”: Aftermath of the Shooting
		Postscript: Police Policing Themselves
		Notes
		References
PART II: The Youth Control Complex
	5. The Street Terrorism and Enforcement Act: A New Chapter on the War on Gangs
		The War on Gangs in the 1940s: Sleepy Lagoon and the Zoot-Suit Riots
		Penal Code §186.22: Legislative History, Overview, and Implications
		Attempted Murder Charges Against the 4th Street Boys
		Reflections
		Notes
		References
		Cases Cited
		Statutes Cited
	6. Latino Street Gangs, La EME, and the Short Corridor Collective
		Introduction
		Gang “Banging” History
		The Zoot-Suit Charade
		La Eme Infusion
		Neighborly Protection
		The “Buzz” Experience
		Sureños
		The “Corridor-4” Conundrum
		The Twenty-first-Century Morphing of Street Gangs
		Kings of the Asphalt Jungle
		The Anti-Discrimination Principle and the Short Corridor Collective
		Notes
		References
		Cases Cited
	7. “Captives while Free”: Surveillance of Chicana/o Youth in a San Diego Barrio
		Pachucas, Pachucos, and el Zoot-Suit
		The Panopticon in the Barrio
		Panopticism and Its Effects
		I Am Still Here, I Am Still Alive”: Jewelz’s Story
		“The Homegirl Lets Me Push the Stroller”: Rana’s Story
		“I Am Being Watched”: Pelón’s Story
		Barrio Pico and the Panoptic Effect
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	8. Hyper-Criminalization: Gang-Affiliated Chicana Teen Mothers Navigating Third Spaces
		Introduction
		Chicana Feminism: (Third Space) Where the
Public and Private Meet
		“A Homegirl’s Nightmare”: Estefania
		“You’re Not Gonna Make It”: Monica
		“Invading My Space”
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
PART III: Race, Citizenship, and the Law
	9. “A Class Apart”: The Exclusion of Latinas/os from Grand and Petit Juries
		Hernandez v. Texas, 347 U.S. 475 (1954)
		“Personhood” and Equal Protection in Historical
Perspective
		Jury Exclusion and the Fourteenth Amendment
		Is Use of Peremptories to Exclude Bilingual Jurors
Prohibited Under the Fourteenth Amendment?
		Bilingual Classifications Should be Subjected to Strict
Scrutiny Because Bilingualism is a Fixed, Relatively
Immutable Characteristic
		Exclusion from Grand Juries: The East LA Thirteen and Common-Sense Racism
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
		Cases Cited
	10. Whiteness, Mexican Appearance and the Fourth Amendment
		Whiteness as Property
		Fourth Amendment: Origins and Historical Overview
		Does the Exclusionary Rule Apply in Civil Deportation Hearings?
		Are INS Factory Raids Seizures?
		Are Mexican Nationals Protected by the Fourth Amendment?
		Are Fixed Checkpoints and Secondary Inspections Constitutional?
		Roving Patrols and Racial Profiling of Mexicans
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
		Cases Cited
Index