Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner

Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 14
 References......Page 16
Share Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner, Fifth Edition......Page 18
 Social Media and Online Resources......Page 19
 What Is the Nature of Complicated Bereavement?......Page 21
 Disenfranchised Grief......Page 22
 Continuing Bonds......Page 23
 Meaning Making......Page 24
 Resilience......Page 25
 Trauma and Grief......Page 26
 Some Concluding Thoughts......Page 27
 References......Page 28
 Attachment Theory......Page 33
 Normal Grief......Page 36
  Feelings......Page 38
  Physical Sensations......Page 42
  Cognitions......Page 43
  Behaviors......Page 45
 Grief and Depression......Page 49
 For Reflection and Discussion......Page 51
 References......Page 52
Chapter 2: Understanding the Mourning Process......Page 57
  Task I: To Accept the Reality of the Loss......Page 59
  Task II: To Process the Pain of Grief......Page 63
  Task III: To Adjust to a World Without the Deceased......Page 65
  Task IV: To Find a Way to Remember the Deceased While Embarking on the Rest of One’s Journey Through Life......Page 68
  Therese Rando’s Six “R” Model of Mourning......Page 71
  Stroebe and Colleagues’ Dual Process Model......Page 72
  For Reflection and Discussion......Page 73
  References......Page 74
 Mediator 1: Kinship: Who Died?......Page 77
 Mediator 2: The Nature of the Attachment......Page 78
  Proximity......Page 79
  Suddenness or Unexpectedness......Page 80
  Multiple Losses......Page 81
  Ambiguous Deaths......Page 82
  Age and Gender......Page 83
  Coping Style......Page 84
  Attachment Style......Page 86
  Cognitive Style......Page 89
  Ego Strength: Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy......Page 90
 Mediator 6: Social Variables......Page 91
 Mediator 7: Concurrent Losses and Stresses......Page 93
 Caution: Mourning Behavior is Multidetermined......Page 94
 When is Mourning Finished?......Page 95
 For Reflection and Discussion......Page 96
 References......Page 97
Chapter 4: Grief Counseling: Facilitating Uncomplicated Grief......Page 105
  Who Does Grief Counseling?......Page 106
  Where Should Grief Counseling Be Done?......Page 107
  Who Receives Grief Counseling?......Page 108
 Identifying the At-Risk Bereaved......Page 109
  Principle 1: Help the Survivor Actualize the Loss......Page 111
  Principle 2: Help the Survivor to Identify and Experience Feelings......Page 112
  Principle 3: Assist Living Without the Deceased......Page 117
  Principle 4: Help Find Meaning in the Loss......Page 119
  Principle 5: Help Find Ways to Remember the Deceased......Page 120
  Principle 6: Provide Time to Grieve......Page 121
  Principle 8: Allow for Individual Differences......Page 122
  Principle 9: Examine Defenses and Coping Styles......Page 123
  Principle 10: Identify Pathology and Refer......Page 124
 Useful Techniques......Page 125
  Drawing......Page 126
  Cognitive Restructuring......Page 127
  Metaphors......Page 128
  Choose a Group Format......Page 129
  Prescreen Participants......Page 130
  Establish Ground Rules......Page 132
  Determine Leadership Approach......Page 133
  Understand Interpersonal Dynamics......Page 134
  Handle Disruptive Behaviors Effectively......Page 135
 Facilitating Grief Through Funeral Rituals......Page 138
 Does Grief Counseling Work?......Page 140
 References......Page 142
  Relational Factors......Page 149
  Circumstantial Factors......Page 151
  Personality Factors......Page 152
  Social Factors......Page 153
 How Grief Goes Wrong......Page 155
 An Emerging Diagnosis of Complicated Grief......Page 156
 An Existing Model of Complicated Mourning......Page 159
  Chronic Grief Reactions......Page 160
  Delayed Grief Reactions......Page 161
  Exaggerated Grief Reactions......Page 163
  Masked Grief Reactions......Page 165
 Diagnosing Complicated Mourning......Page 167
  Clue 4......Page 168
  Clue 8......Page 169
  Clue 12......Page 170
 For Reflection and Discussion......Page 171
 References......Page 172
Chapter 6: Grief Therapy: Resolving Complicated Mourning......Page 177
 Goals and Settings of Grief Therapy......Page 178
  Set Up the Contract and Establish an Alliance......Page 180
  Assess the Mourning Tasks With Which the Patient Is Struggling......Page 181
  Deal With Affect or Lack of Affect Stimulated by Memories......Page 183
  Explore and Defuse Linking Objects......Page 185
  Help the Patient Design a New Life Without the Deceased......Page 188
 Special Considerations for Grief Therapy......Page 189
 Techniques and Timing......Page 191
 Dreams in Grief Counseling and Therapy......Page 192
 Some Considerations......Page 194
  Subjective Experience......Page 195
  Symptom Relief......Page 196
 For Reflection and Discussion......Page 197
 References......Page 198
 Suicide......Page 201
  Correct Denial and Distortions......Page 205
  Reality Test the Sense of Abandonment......Page 206
  Help Them in Their Quest to Find Meaning in the Death......Page 207
 Sudden Death—Violent Deaths......Page 208
 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)......Page 213
 Miscarriages......Page 216
 Stillbirths......Page 218
 Abortion......Page 220
 Anticipatory Grief......Page 222
 HIV/AIDS......Page 226
  Stigma......Page 227
 References......Page 228
Chapter 8: Grief and Family Systems......Page 235
 Death of a Child......Page 240
 Grief of Grandparents......Page 246
 Children Whose Parents Die......Page 247
 Family Intervention Approaches......Page 252
  Interdependence......Page 255
  Loneliness......Page 256
  Support Groups......Page 257
  Reminiscing......Page 258
  Skill Building......Page 259
 Family Versus Individual Needs......Page 260
 References......Page 261
Chapter 9: The Counselor’s Own Grief......Page 269
 History of Loss......Page 272
 Stress and Burnout......Page 273
 For Reflection and Discussion......Page 276
 References......Page 277
Chapter 10: Training for Grief Counseling......Page 279
 Grief Sketch 1......Page 282
 Grief Sketch 2......Page 283
 Grief Sketch 3......Page 284
 Grief Sketch 4......Page 285
 Grief Sketch 5......Page 286
 Grief Sketch 6......Page 287
 Grief Sketch 7......Page 288
 Grief Sketch 8......Page 289
 Grief Sketch 9......Page 290
 Grief Sketch 10......Page 291
 Grief Sketch 11......Page 292
 Grief Sketch 12......Page 293
 Grief Sketch 13......Page 294
 Grief Sketch 14......Page 295
 Grief Sketch 15......Page 296
 Grief Sketch 16......Page 297
 Grief Sketch 17......Page 299
 Grief Sketch 18......Page 300
 Grief Sketch 19......Page 301
 Grief Sketch 20......Page 302
Index......Page 303