Green Hybrid Composite in Engineering and Non-Engineering Applications

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
The Challenges of Natural Fiber in Manufacturing, Material Selection and Technology Application
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Natural Fibers
		1.2 A Comparison of Natural Fiber with Artificial Fiber
		1.3 Natural Fibre Composite Challenges
		1.4 Natural Fibre Resistance
		1.5 Natural Fibre Durability
		1.6 Natural Fibre Jute
		1.7 Natural Fiber Kenaf
		1.8 Natural Composites and Their Applications in Aerospace and Automobiles
		1.9 Conclusion and Future Developments
	References
Advanced Natural/Synthetic Polymer Hybrid Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Designation and Approach of Natural/Synthetic Composites
	3 Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRPC)
	4 Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite (SFRPC)
	5 Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite (HFRPC)
	6 Evolution in Natural/Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites
	7 Conclusion
	References
Tensile Properties of Kenaf Reinforced with Polypropylene Polymer Under Ultraviolet Light Exposure
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 UV Irradiation Test
	4 Tensile Test
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Ecologically Enhanced Natural/Synthetic Polymer Hybrid Composites for Aviation-Interior and Secondary Structures
	1 Introduction
	2 Airplane History
	3 Composite Materials
	4 Types of Matrix
	5 Types of Fillers and Reinforcements
	6 Fibrous
	7 Particulate
	8 Natural Fibers
	9 Composites Advantages
	10 Airplanes Applications
	11 Conclusions
	References
Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites and Their Role in Aerospace Engineering
	1 Introduction
	2 Composite Materials (Natural and Synthetic)
	3 Available Natural Fiber-Based Hybrid Combinations and Their Properties
		3.1 The Bamboo/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.2 The Pineapple Leaves Fiber/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.3 The Sisal/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.4 The Roselle/Sisal Composites
		3.5 The Sisal/Oil Palm Fiber Composites
		3.6 The Coir/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.7 The Jute/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.8 The Flax/Glass and Hemp/Glass Composites
		3.9 The Palmyra/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.10 The Sisal/Silk Fiber Composites
		3.11 The Coir/silk Fiber Composites
		3.12 The Roystonea Regia/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.13 The EFB/Jute Composites
		3.14 The Snake Grass/Banana and Snake Grass/Coir Fiber Composites
		3.15 The Regenerated Cellulose/Glass Fiber Composites
		3.16 The Carbon/SiC Fiber/Boron Fiber Composites
		3.17 The Carbon/GF-Reinforced Composites
	4 Synthetic Versus Natural Composite Materials
	5 Natural Reinforced Composites for Aerospace Applications
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Advanced Natural/Synthetic Polymer Hybrid Composites of the Future for the Aerospace Industry
	1 Introduction
	2 Natural Versus Synthetic Polymer/Hybrid Composites
		2.1 Natural Fibers
		2.2 Artificial/Synthetic Fibers
		2.3 Types of Natural/Synthetic Fibers Composite Materials
	3 Natural/Synthetic Fibers Composite Materials Application in the Aerospace Industries
	4 Technical Requirements in the Aerospace Industry
	5 Advantages and Disadvantages
	6 Future Perspective and Applications of Composites Materials
	7 Conclusions
	References
Natural/Synthetic Polymer Hybrid Composites in Automotive Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Natural/Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Composites
	3 Categories of Hybrid Composites
	4 Possibility of Developing Hybrid Composites Through Reinforcing Natural and Synthetic Fibers
	5 Characteristics of Hybrid Composites Through Reinforcing Natural and Synthetic Fibers
	6 Performance Characteristics of Hybrid Composites
	7 Benefits of Hybrid Composites Over Traditional Composites
	8 Potential Application for Hybrid Composites Through Reinforcing Natural and Synthetic Fibers
	9 Conclusion
	References
Application of Hybrid Reinforced Cellulose-Glass Fiber Based Composites in Automotive Industries
	1 Introduction
	2 Why Cellulose-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites?
	3 Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Cellulose-Glass Fiber Composites
	4 Fire/Heat Resistivity/Thermal Stability of Cellulose-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	5 Sound Absorption of Cellulose-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	6 Crashworthiness of Cellulose-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	7 Water Absorption of Cellulose-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	8 High Strength-to-Weight and Stiffness-to-Weight Ratio Applications
	9 Environmental Impact of Cellulose-Based/Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	10 Applications of Cellulose-Based/Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite
	11 Conclusion
	References
A Review on Composite Aerostructure Development for UAV Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Composite Material
		2.1 Mechanical Properties of Composite
		2.2 Thermal Properties of Composite
		2.3 Impact Behaviour
		2.4 Application of Composites Material in UAV Components
	3 Selection of Fibre Material and the Orientation
		3.1 Type of Fibre Material and Selection of Resin Matrix
		3.2 Fibre Orientations
	4 Conclusion
	References
Natural/Synthetic Polymer Hybrid Composites—Lightweight Materials for Automotive Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Demand for Natural Fibre Composites Automotive Industry
	3 Non-Wood Natural Fibre Segment to Dominate the Market
	4 Potential Utilization of Natural/Synthetic Reinforced Polymer Composites as Lightweight Material in Automotive Components
	5 Perspectives
	6 Hybrid Composites in Various Parts and Models of Top Automobiles
	7 Natural/Synthetic Hybrid Polymer Composites
	8 Types of Hybrid Composites
	9 Properties of Hybrid Polymer Composites
	10 Hybrid Natural/Synthetic Composites for Automotive Applications
	11 Hybridization of Coconut Coir with Glass Fiber Composite
	12 Hybridization of Kenaf with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite
	13 Hybridization of Sugar Palm with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyurethane Composite
	14 Conclusion
	References
Potential of Natural/Synthetic Hybrid Composites for Automotive Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanical Properties of Natural/Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
		2.1 Thermoset Polymer Composites
		2.2 Thermoplastic Polymer Composites
	3 Thermal Properties of Natural/Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
	4 Automotive Applications of Natural/Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Natural/Synthetic Hybrid Composite for Marine Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Natural Fibers/Synthetic Fibres
	3 Types of Natural Fibers
	4 Types of Synthetic Fibers
	5 Properties of Various Natural Fibers/Synthetic Fibres Hybrid Composites
		5.1 Mechanical Properties
		5.2 Thermal Properties
	6 Different Processing Techniques to Fabricate Composites
		6.1 Hand Layup
		6.2 Compression Molding
		6.3 Vacuum Bagging
		6.4 Resin Transfer Molding
	7 Summary
	References
Advanced Natural/Synthetic Composite Materials for Marine Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Green Composite Materials and Their Applications
	3 Natural Green Composite Material
	4 Synthetic Composite Materials
	5 Significance of Green Hybrid Composite Materials and Prominent Applications
	6 Marine Applications of Green Hybrid Composites (Engineering and Non-engineering)
		6.1 Green Hybrid Composites and Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
	7 Epoxy Resin Composites in Marine Applications
	8 Nanocomposites in Green Hybrid Composites for Marine Applications
	9 Comprehensive Assessment of Nanocomposites in Marine Applications: Engineering/Non-engineering
	10 Conclusion
	References
Tensile Behavior of Weft-Knitted Structure for Potential Use in Composite Reinforcement via Factorial and 3D Surface
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Textile Knitted Structures
		1.2 Tensile Behavior of Weft-Knitted Structure
		1.3 Knitted-Reinforced Polymer Composites
	2 Manufacture of Knitted Structures
	3 Characterization of Knitted Structures
		3.1 Tensile Test
		3.2 Statistical Analysis of Knitted Fabrics
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Tensile Behavior in the Synthetic Fibers
		4.2 Tensile Behavior in the Natural Fibers
		4.3 Analysis of Variance
	5 Conclusions
	References
Mechanical Behavior of Natural/Synthetic Weft-Knitted Structures Commonly Used as Reinforcement of Hybrid Composites via Full Factorial Design: Yarn Compositions and Float Stitches
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Properties of Knitted Fabrics
		1.2 Kintted-Reinforced Composites
		1.3 Tests on Textile-Reinforced Composite Materials
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Knitting Yarns Used in the Manufacture of Knitted Fabrics
		2.2 Preparation and Experimental Planning of Knitted Fabric
		2.3 Manufacturing of Single Pique Knitted Fabrics
		2.4 Tensile Test in Single Pique Knitted Fabrics
		2.5 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Mechanical Behavior in the Direction of Wales and Courses
		3.2 Statistical Analysis of Strain Mechanical Behavior
		3.3 Statistical Analysis of MOE Mechanical Behavior
		3.4 Analysis of Variance in Single Pique Knitted Mechanical Behavior
	4 Current and Future Trends
	References