Grays atlas of anatomy third edition

Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
PREFACE
Chapter 1: THE BODY
	CONTENTS
	Anatomical position, terms, and planes
	Anatomical planes and imaging
	Surface anatomy: anterior view
	Surface anatomy: posterior view
	Skeleton: anterior
	Skeleton: posterior
	Muscles: anterior
	Muscles: posterior
	Vascular system: arteries
	Vascular system: veins
	Lymphatic system
	Nervous system
	Sympathetics
	Parasympathetics
	Dermatomes
	Cutaneous nerves
Chapter 2: BACK
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy
	Vertebral column
	Regional vertebrae
	Cervical vertebrae
	Thoracic vertebrae
	Lumbar vertebrae
	Sacrum
	Intervertebral foramina and discs
	Intervertebral disc problems
	Joints and ligaments
	Back musculature: surface anatomy
	Superficial musculature
	Intermediate musculature
	Deep musculature
	Back musculature: transverse section
	Suboccipital region
	Spinal nerves
	Spinal cord
	Spinal cord vasculature
	Venous drainage of spinal cord
	Meninges
	Spinal cord: imaging
	Transverse section: thoracic region
	Dermatomes and cutaneous nerves
	Tables
Chapter 3: THORAX
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy with bones
	Bony framework
	Ribs
	Articulations
	Breast
	Pectoral region
	Thoracic wall muscles
	Diaphragm
	Arteries of the thoracic wall
	Veins of the thoracic wall
	Nerves of the thoracic wall
	Lymphatics of the thoracic wall
	Intercostal nerves and arteries
	Pleural cavities and mediastinum
	Parietal pleura
	Surface projections of pleural recesses
	Right lung
	Left lung
	Lung lobes: surface relationship
	Lung lobes: imaging
	Bronchial tree
	Bronchopulmonary segments
	Pulmonary vessels and plexus
	Pulmonary vessels: imaging
	Mediastinum
	Pericardium
	Pericardial layers
	Anterior surface of heart
	Base and diaphragmatic surface of heart
	Right atrium
	Right ventricle
	Left atrium
	Left ventricle
	Aortic valve and cardiac skeleton
	Cardiac chambers and heart valves
	Coronary vessels
	Coronary arteries and variations
	Cardiac conduction system
	Auscultation points and heart sounds
	Cardiac innervation
	Superior mediastinum: thymus
	Superior mediastinum: veins and arteries
	Superior mediastinum: arteries and nerves
	Superior mediastinum: imaging
	Superior mediastinum: veins and trachea
	Mediastinum: imaging
	Mediastinum: view from right
	Mediastinum: imaging – view from right
	Mediastinum: view from left
	Mediastinum: imaging – view from left
	Posterior mediastinum
	Mediastinum: imaging
	Transverse section: TVIII level
	Dermatomes and cutaneous nerves
	Visceral efferent (motor) innervation of the heart
	Visceral afferents
	Tables
Chapter 4: ABDOMEN
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy
	Quadrants and regions
	Abdominal wall
	Muscles
	Muscles: rectus sheath
	Vessels of the abdominal wall
	Arteries and lymphatics of the abdominal wall
	Nerves of the abdominal wall
	Dermatomes and cutaneous nerves
	Inguinal region
	Inguinal canal in men
	Inguinal canal in women
	Inguinal hernias
	Anterior abdominal wall
	Greater omentum
	Abdominal viscera
	Peritoneal cavity
	Abdominal sagittal section
	Abdominal coronal section
	Arterial supply of viscera
	Stomach
	Spleen
	Arteries of stomach and spleen
	Duodenum
	Small intestine
	Large intestine
	Ileocecal junction
	Gastrointestinal tract: imaging
	Mesenteric arteries
	Liver
	Vessels of the liver
	Segments of the liver
	Pancreas and gallbladder
	Vasculature of pancreas and duodenum
	Venous drainage of viscera
	Portosystemic anastomoses
	Posterior wall
	Vessels of the posterior wall
	Diaphragm
	Kidneys
	Gross structure of kidneys
	Kidneys: imaging
	Renal vasculature
	Branches of the abdominal aorta
	Inferior vena cava
	Abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava: imaging
	Lumbar plexus
	Lumbar plexus: cutaneous distribution
	Lymphatics
	Abdominal innervation
	Splanchnic nerves
	Visceral efferent (motor) innervation diagram
	Visceral afferent (sensory) innervation and referred pain diagram
	Kidney and ureter visceral afferent (sensory) diagram
	Tables
Chapter 5: PELVIS AND PERINEUM
	Surface anatomy and articulated pelvis in men
	Surface anatomy and articulated pelvis in women
	Pelvic girdle
	Pelvic girdle: imaging
	Lumbosacral joint
	Sacro-iliac joint
	Pelvic inlet and outlet
	Orientation of pelvic girdle and pelvic brim
	Pelvic viscera and perineum in men
	Pelvic viscera and perineum in men: imaging
	Pelvic viscera and perineum in women
	Pelvic viscera and perineum in women: imaging
	Lateral wall of pelvic cavity
	Floor of pelvic cavity: pelvic diaphragm
	Rectum and bladder in situ
	Rectum
	Bladder in men
	Bladder in women
	Reproductive system in men
	Prostate
	Prostate and seminal vesicles
	Scrotum
	Testes
	Penis
	Reproductive system in women
	Uterus and ovaries
	Uterus
	Uterus: imaging
	Pelvic fascia
	Arterial supply of pelvis
	Venous drainage of pelvis
	Vasculature of the pelvic viscera
	Vasculature of uterus
	Venous drainage of prostate and penis
	Venous drainage of rectum
	Sacral and coccygeal nerve plexuses
	Pelvic nerve plexus
	Hypogastric plexus
	Surface anatomy of the perineum
	Borders and ceiling of the perineum
	Deep pouch and perineal membrane
	Muscles and erectile tissues in men
	Erectile tissue in men: imaging
	Muscles and erectile tissues in women
	Erectile tissue in women: imaging
	Internal pudendal artery and vein
	Pudendal nerve
	Vasculature of perineum
	Nerves of perineum
	Lymphatics of pelvis and perineum in men
	Lymphatics of pelvis and perineum in women
	Lymphatics
	Dermatomes
	Innervation of reproductive system in men
	Innervation of reproductive system in women
	Innervation of bladder
	Pelvic cavity imaging in men
	Pelvic cavity imaging in women
	Tables
Chapter 6: LOWER LIMB
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy
	Bones of the lower limb
	Pelvic bones and sacrum
	Articulated pelvis
	Proximal femur
	Hip joint
	Hip joint: structure and arterial supply
	Gluteal region: attachments and superficial musculature
	Gluteal region: superficial and deep muscles
	Gluteal region: arteries and nerves
	Distal femur and proximal tibia and fibula
	Thigh: muscle attachments
	Thigh: anterior superficial musculature
	Thigh: posterior superficial musculature
	Thigh: anterior compartment muscles
	Thigh: medial compartment muscles
	Femoral triangle
	Anterior thigh: arteries and nerves
	Anterior thigh: arteries
	Thigh: posterior compartment muscles
	Posterior thigh: arteries and nerves
	Transverse sections: thigh
	Knee joint
	Ligaments of the knee
	Menisci and cruciate ligaments
	Knee: bursa and capsule
	Knee surface: muscles, capsule, and arteries
	Popliteal fossa
	Tibia and fibula
	Bones of the foot
	Bones and joints of the foot
	Talus and calcaneus
	Ankle joint
	Ligaments of the ankle joint
	Leg: muscle attachments
	Posterior leg: superficial muscles
	Posterior compartment: deep muscles
	Posterior leg: arteries and nerves
	Lateral compartment: muscles
	Anterior leg: superficial muscles
	Anterior compartment: muscles
	Anterior leg: arteries and nerves
	Leg: cutaneous nerves
	Transverse sections: leg
	Foot: muscle attachments
	Foot: ligaments
	Dorsum of foot
	Dorsum of foot: arteries and nerves
	Plantar aponeurosis
	Plantar region (sole) musculature: first layer
	Plantar region (sole) musculature: second layer
	Plantar region (sole) musculature: third layer
	Plantar region (sole) musculature: fourth layer
	Plantar region (sole): arteries and nerves
	Dorsal hood and tarsal tunnel
	Superficial veins of the lower limb
	Lymphatics of the lower limb
	Anterior cutaneous nerves and dermatomes of the lower limb
	Posterior cutaneous nerves and dermatomes of the lower limb
	Tables
Chapter 7: UPPER LIMB
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy
	Bones of the upper limb
	Bony framework of shoulder
	Scapula
	Clavicle: joints and ligaments
	Proximal humerus
	Glenohumeral joint
	Muscle attachments
	Pectoral region
	Deep pectoral region
	Walls of the axilla
	The four rotator cuff muscles
	Deep vessels and nerves of the shoulder
	Axillary artery
	Brachial artery
	Brachial plexus
	Medial and lateral cords
	Posterior cord
	Distal end of humerus and proximal end of radius and ulna
	Muscle attachments
	Anterior compartment: muscles
	Anterior compartment: arteries and nerves
	Veins of the arm
	Posterior compartment: muscles
	Posterior compartment: arteries and nerves
	Lymphatics of the arm
	Transverse sections: arm
	Anterior cutaneous nerves of the arm
	Posterior cutaneous nerves of the arm
	Elbow joint
	Elbow joint: capsule and ligaments
	Cubital fossa
	Radius and ulna
	Bones of the hand and wrist joint
	Imaging of the hand and wrist joint
	Bones of the hand
	Joints and ligaments of the hand
	Muscle attachments of forearm
	Anterior compartment of forearm: muscles
	Anterior compartment of forearm: arteries and nerves
	Posterior compartment of forearm: muscles
	Posterior compartment of forearm: arteries and nerves
	Transverse sections: forearm
	Carpal tunnel
	Muscle attachments of the hand
	Superficial palmar region (palm) of hand
	Tendon sheaths of hand
	Lumbrical muscles
	Intrinsic muscles of hand
	Palmar region (palm) of hand: arteries and nerves
	Arteries of the hand
	Innervation of the hand: median and ulnar nerves
	Dorsum of hand
	Dorsal hoods
	Dorsum of hand: arteries
	Dorsum of hand: nerves
	Anatomical snuffbox
	Superficial veins and lymphatics of forearm
	Anterior cutaneous nerves of forearm
	Posterior cutaneous nerves of upper limb
	Tables
Chapter 8: HEAD AND NECK
	CONTENTS
	Surface anatomy with bones
	Bones of the skull
	Skull: anterior view
	Skull: lateral view
	Skull: posterior view
	Skull: superior view and roof
	Skull: inferior view
	Skull: cranial cavity
	Ethmoid, lacrimal bone, inferior concha, and vomer
	Maxilla and palatine bone
	Skull: muscle attachments
	Scalp and meninges
	Dural partitions
	Dural arteries and nerves
	Dural venous sinuses
	Brain
	Brain: imaging
	Cranial nerves
	Arterial supply to brain
	Cutaneous distribution of trigeminal nerve [V]
	Facial muscles
	Vasculature, facial nerve [VII] and lymphatics
	Deep arteries and veins of parotid region
	Bony orbit
	Section through orbit and structures of eyelid
	Eyelids and lacrimal apparatus
	Innervation of the lacrimal gland
	Muscles of the eyeball
	Innervation of the orbit and eyeball
	Eye movements
	Vasculature of orbit
	Eyeball
	Eye imaging
	Ear surface and sensory innervation
	Ear
	Middle ear
	Internal ear
	Ear imaging
	Temporal and infratemporal fossae
	Bones of the temporal and infratemporal fossae
	Temporal and infratemporal fossae
	Temporomandibular joint
	Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve [V]
	Parasympathetic innervation
	Arteries and veins of temporal and infratemporal fossae
	Pterygopalatine fossa
	Neck surface anatomy
	Bones of the neck
	Compartments and fascia of the neck
	Superficial veins of the neck
	Muscles of the neck
	Nerves in the neck
	Cranial nerves in the neck
	Cervical plexus and sympathetic trunk
	Arteries of the neck
	Root of the neck: arteries
	Lymphatics of the neck
	Pharynx
	Muscles of the pharynx
	Innervation of the pharynx
	Vasculature of the pharynx
	Larynx
	Laryngeal cavity
	Muscles of the larynx
	Innervation of the larynx
	Thyroid gland
	Vasculature of the thyroid gland
	Nose and paranasal sinuses
	Nasal cavity: bones
	Nasal cavity: mucosal linings
	Vasculature and innervation of the nasal cavity
	Sinus imaging
	Oral cavity: bones
	Teeth
	Teeth: imaging
	Anatomy of teeth
	Vessels and nerves supplying teeth
	Innervation of teeth and gums
	Muscles and salivary glands of the oral cavity
	Vessels and nerves of the tongue
	Tongue
	Hard and soft palate
	Palate
	Innervation of oral cavity
	Cranial nerves
	Visceral motor pathways in the head
	Tables
INDEX
Copyright
Title Page
Dedication
Contents
Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you?
Chapter 2: Renegade perception
Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting
Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe
Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’
Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit
Chapter 7: War on your mind
Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity
Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it?
Chapter 10: Human 2.0
Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult?
Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko
Postscript
Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation
Bibliography
Index
Copyright
Title Page
Dedication
Contents
Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you?
Chapter 2: Renegade perception
Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting
Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe
Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’
Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit
Chapter 7: War on your mind
Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity
Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it?
Chapter 10: Human 2.0
Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult?
Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko
Postscript
Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation
Bibliography
Index