Grasslands: Ecology, Management and Restoration

GRASSLANDS: ECOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 7
PREFACE......Page 9
ABSTRACT......Page 17
DEFINITION OF FIELD MARGIN STRUCTURE......Page 18
BENEFITS AND SERVICES PROVIDED BY FIELD MARGIN RETENTION WITHIN INTENSIVELY MANAGED GRASSLANDS......Page 19
ESTABLISHMENT/REJUVENATION OF BOTANICAL DIVERSITY WITHIN GRASSLAND FIELD MARGINS......Page 21
MANAGEMENT OF GRASSLAND FIELD MARGINS......Page 22
REFERENCES......Page 24
THE ROLE OF BLACK CARBON IN GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS......Page 29
ARE THERE ROUTINE METHODS TO GENERATE A GLOBAL BC MAP?......Page 31
REFERENCES......Page 33
ABSTRACT......Page 35
COMPARISON WITH CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BETWEEN THE NORTH AND SOUTH IN CHINA......Page 36
COMPARISON WITH REQUIREMENTS BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND VEGETATIVE PRODUCTIONS......Page 37
COMPARISON WITH NUTRIENT YIELDS BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND VEGETATIVE PRODUCTIONS......Page 38
GROWTH CURVE (SIGMOID CURVE) AND ITS ROLE IN FORAGE AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION......Page 39
VEGETATIVE PRODUCTION AND ECO-REHABILITATION IN SOUTH CHINA......Page 40
REFERENCES......Page 42
ABSTRACT......Page 45
METHODS......Page 46
RESULTS......Page 47
CONCLUSION......Page 49
REFERENCES......Page 50
ABSTRACT......Page 53
REFERENCES......Page 55
ABSTRACT......Page 57
INTRODUCTION......Page 58
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECOLOGICAL AND APPLIED MANAGEMENT SCIENCES......Page 59
ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND......Page 60
THE REAL IMPACT OF CONTINUOUS GRAZING......Page 62
MANAGING FOR DESIRED OUTCOMES......Page 64
LIMITATIONS OF RESEARCH ON MULTI-PADDOCK GRAZING......Page 77
FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 81
ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH HYPOTHESES AND PARADIGMS......Page 82
CONCLUSIONS......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 87
ABSTRACT......Page 97
INTRODUCTION......Page 98
METHODS......Page 99
RESULTS......Page 101
DISCUSSION......Page 104
REFERENCES......Page 105
INTRODUCTION......Page 109
THE FLOODING PAMPA GRASSLANDS......Page 110
GRAZING AND GRASSLANDS......Page 112
FLOODINGS AND GRASSLANDS IN THE FLOODING PAMPA GRASSLANDS......Page 113
EFFECT OF FLOODS AND GRAZING ON FLOODING PAMPA SOILS......Page 117
CONCLUSIONS......Page 119
REFERENCES......Page 120
ABSTRACT......Page 125
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 126
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 127
3. RESULTS......Page 133
4. DISCUSSION......Page 140
REFERENCES......Page 146
ABSTRACT......Page 149
INTRODUCTION......Page 150
METHODS......Page 152
RESULTS......Page 155
DISCUSSION......Page 163
CONCLUSION......Page 165
REFERENCES......Page 166
ABSTRACT......Page 169
2. VEGETATION PROCESSES AND ECOSYSTEM PROPERTIES......Page 170
3. PLANT FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AND TRAITS......Page 173
4. PLANT TRAITS AT THE ECOSYSTEM LEVEL: COMMUNITY AGGREGATED TRAITS......Page 175
5. PLANT TRAITS AND DISTURBANCE......Page 177
6. POLLUTION, MONITORING AND PHYTOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUES......Page 178
7. PLANT TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF PERFORMANCE IN PHYTOREMEDIATION......Page 182
8. THE VALUE OF METALLOPHYTES IN PHYTOREMEDIATION: LESSONS LEARNED FROM A CASE STUDY......Page 184
CONCLUSION......Page 188
REFERENCES......Page 189
ABSTRACT......Page 197
INTRODUCTION......Page 198
MODERN VEGETATION AND CLIMATE IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL......Page 199
LATE QUATERNARY VEGETATION, CLIMATE AND FIRE DYNAMICS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL......Page 200
PRE- AND POST-COLUMBIAN FIRE DYNAMICS AND HUMAN IMPACT......Page 204
HISTORY OF VEGETATION, FIRE, CLIMATE, HUMAN IMPACT AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR CONSERVATION......Page 206
REFERENCES......Page 207
ABSTRACT......Page 211
INTRODUCTION......Page 212
REFERENCES......Page 217
ABSTRACT......Page 221
REGIONAL SETTING......Page 222
MODERN GRASSLANDS: DISTRIBUTION AND  FLORISTIC FEATURES......Page 225
THE DEVELOPMENT OF GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES......Page 234
DISCUSSION......Page 245
REFERENCES......Page 247
ABSTRACT......Page 251
INTRODUCTION......Page 252
CONDITIONS SUPPORTING N2O FORMATION......Page 253
BALANCE BETWEEN N2O PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN THE SOIL......Page 255
N2O EMISSIONS, HOT SPOTS IN GRAZED GRASSLANDS AND MITIGATION MEASURES......Page 256
A CASE STUDY OF CATTLE OVERWINTERING AREA AND THE SIGNIFICANCE IN N2O EMISSIONS......Page 258
CONCLUSION......Page 263
REFERENCES......Page 264
INDEX......Page 267