Grammar: A Friendly Approach, 2nd Edition (Open Up Study Skills)

Front cover......Page 1
Title page......Page 4
ISBN 9780335240869......Page 5
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
List of figures......Page 12
Introduction to the second edition......Page 13
1  Introduction......Page 16
1.3  How the book is structured......Page 17
1.4  How to annoy teachers and professors......Page 18
1.5  What students worry about......Page 19
1.6  Comments on questions......Page 21
1.7  Conclusion: general advice about grammar and language......Page 22
2.1  Trying to be posh......Page 23
2.4  Easily confused words......Page 26
2.5  Going through a bad spell......Page 27
2.7  Formal doesn’t have to mean pompous......Page 29
2.8  What are you trying to say?......Page 30
2.9  The author, one or I?......Page 31
2.10  It’s, like, a figure of speech......Page 32
2.11  Comments on questions......Page 33
2.12  Conclusion: advice about word choice......Page 34
3.1  Why can’t I use my own language?......Page 36
3.2  Questions about ‘correct’ English......Page 37
3.4  Examples of uses that are not standard......Page 38
3.5  Spoken and written English......Page 39
3.6  Academic English......Page 40
3.7  Comments on questions......Page 41
3.8  Conclusion: advice about dialects and Standard English......Page 42
4  Who or what is the subject?......Page 44
4.1  A favourite subject – ‘I’......Page 45
4.2  Questions about subjects of sentences......Page 46
4.3  Simple and compound subjects......Page 47
4.4  When subjects move around......Page 48
4.5  Subject closed......Page 49
4.6  Comments on questions......Page 50
4.7  Conclusion: advice about sentences and subjects......Page 51
5.1  Doing, being and happening......Page 52
5.3  Mangling and dangling participles......Page 54
5.4  Getting tense with verbs......Page 56
5.5  My past, present and future......Page 59
5.6  Facts and possibilities......Page 63
5.7  Comments on questions......Page 64
5.8  Conclusion: advice about verbs......Page 66
6.1  Can students write in sentences?......Page 68
6.2  Questions about sentences......Page 70
6.3  The sentence as a unit of thought or grammatical structure......Page 71
6.4  The sentence and punctuation......Page 77
6.5  Sentences and paragraphs......Page 78
6.6  Breaking up is hard to do......Page 80
6.7  Comments on questions......Page 81
6.8  Conclusion: advice about sentences......Page 82
7.1  Too much or too little......Page 85
7.2  Questions about sentence errors......Page 86
7.3  How to avoid running sentences together......Page 87
7.4  How to avoid chopping sentences in two......Page 89
7.5  Sentenced to death!......Page 91
7.6  Comments on questions......Page 92
7.7  Conclusion: advice about fixing sentences......Page 93
8.1  Having a voice......Page 94
8.2  Questions about personal expression......Page 95
8.3  Reasons for using the passive......Page 96
8.4  When passives get awkward......Page 97
8.5  When people get awkward......Page 98
8.7  Bring me back: reflective writing......Page 99
8.8  Reflections on what’s going wrong......Page 100
8.9  Comments on questions......Page 101
8.10  Conclusion: advice about personal writing......Page 103
9  More on complex sentences: relationships and relatives......Page 104
9.1  Talking about relatives......Page 105
9.2  Questions about relationships and clauses......Page 106
9.3  Words expressing relationship......Page 107
9.4  Revisiting the subordinates......Page 109
9.5  Relative clauses: defining and describing a brother......Page 111
9.6  Every which way but that......Page 113
9.7  Comments on questions......Page 115
9.8  Conclusion: advice about relative clauses......Page 116
10.1  Define without using commas......Page 117
10.2  Questions about punctuation......Page 118
10.3  The functions of punctuation marks......Page 119
10.4  Putting punctuation to work......Page 126
10.5  Punctuation within words......Page 127
10.6  A dodgy colon and a full stop......Page 129
10.7  Comments on questions......Page 131
10.8  Conclusion: advice about punctuation......Page 134
11.1  Getting possessive and going missing......Page 135
11.2  Questions about apostrophes......Page 137
11.3  What’s happening to the apostrophe?......Page 138
11.4  How to use an apostrophe to show possession......Page 139
11.6  Hold the apostrophe!......Page 141
11.7  That Lynne Truss has a lot to answer for!......Page 143
11.8  Comments on questions......Page 145
11.9  Conclusion: advice about apostrophes......Page 146
12.1  A house of correction......Page 148
12.3  Pitfalls with grammar checkers......Page 150
12.4  How to use a grammar checker knowledgeably......Page 153
12.5  What happens next?......Page 154
12.6  Comments on questions......Page 155
12.7  Conclusion: advice about grammar checkers......Page 156
13.1  Credit where it’s due......Page 157
13.3  Grammar and punctuation in referencing......Page 159
13.4  What goes in the quotation marks?......Page 160
13.6  Different systems for referencing......Page 163
13.7  Oh what a giveaway......Page 165
13.8  In your own words......Page 166
13.9  Comments on questions......Page 168
13.10  Conclusion: advice about avoiding plagiarism......Page 170
14.1  Technology makes it possible......Page 171
14.2  Questions about technology in grammar and language......Page 172
14.3  Catching plagiarism – or helping to avoid it......Page 173
14.5  Friendly computing: assistive technology......Page 174
14.6  The human touch......Page 175
14.7  Comments on questions......Page 176
14.8  Conclusion: comments on technology and grammar......Page 177
15  Finale......Page 178
16  Glossary......Page 182
Bibliography......Page 195
Index......Page 198
Back cover\r......Page 201