Glycoproteins and Glycolipids in Disease Processes

Title Page......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
ACS Symposium Series......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 4
PREFACE......Page 5
DEDICATION TO WARD W. PIGMAN......Page 9
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
Introduction......Page 12
I. Initiation of oligosaccharides of the asparagine-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linkage type.......Page 14
II. Processing of protein-bound oligosaccharides of the Asn-GlcNAc linkage type.......Page 17
Ill. Subcellular site of Asn-GlcNAc initiation.......Page 19
IV. Elongation within the Golgi apparatus of Asn-GlcNAc oligosaccharides of the N-acetyllactosamine type.......Page 22
V. Biosynthesis of serine (threonine)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine type oligosaccharides.......Page 27
VI. Glycoprotein Catabolism.......Page 32
LITERATURE CITED......Page 33
Structure......Page 40
Methods of Analysis of Glycolipids......Page 42
Glycosphingolipid Biosynthesis......Page 52
Acceptor specificity of glycosyltransferases......Page 57
Glycosyltransferase localization......Page 60
Regulation of glycosyltransferases......Page 62
Glycosphingolipid Catabolism......Page 64
Substrate specificity......Page 66
Lipid-protein interactions......Page 70
Literature Cited......Page 72
4 Endo-β-acetylglucosaminidases —Their Metabolic Role in Disease Processes and Their Use in the Study of Glycoprotein Structure and Function......Page 79
Acknowledgements......Page 94
Literature Cited......Page 95
5 Mucous Glycoproteins in Cystic Fibrosis......Page 97
Acknowledgements......Page 107
Literature Cited......Page 108
6 Glycoprotein Storage Disease......Page 111
The Liver Disease......Page 112
The Liver Storage Material......Page 114
Therapy......Page 117
II. ASPARTYLGLUCOSAMINURIA......Page 118
I. Alpha-1-Antitrypsin......Page 120
II. ASPARTYLGLUCOSAMINURIA......Page 122
7 Lysosomal Enzyme Deficiency Diseases—Glycoprotein Catabolism in Brain Tissue......Page 124
GM2-gangliosidoses (deficiency of β-hexosaminidase).......Page 127
GM1-gangliosidosis, deficiency of β-galactosidase.......Page 129
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD) and Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSP).......Page 132
Diseases with a primary lesion in glycoprotein catabolism.......Page 133
Niemann-Pick\'s Disease......Page 134
Cell recognition of lysosomal enzymes.......Page 135
Literature Cited......Page 136
8 Incorporation of Exogenous Enzymes into Lysosomes A Theoretical and Practical Means for Correcting Lysosomal Blockage......Page 139
REFERENCES......Page 147
I. Introduction......Page 149
II. Molecular Events in Blood Coagulation......Page 151
A. The Activation of Factor X by the Intrinsic Pathway......Page 152
B. The Activation of Factor X by the Extrinsic Pathway......Page 155
C. Prothrombin Activation by Activated Factor X......Page 156
D. Formation of Cross-linked Fibrin......Page 158
E. Mechanism Involving Proteolysis in the Termination of Coagulation......Page 159
Literature Cited......Page 160
10 Biosynthesis of Murine Leukemia Virus Membrane Proteins and their Assembly into Virus Particles......Page 163
The Virion Proteins of Rauscher Murine Leukemia Virus......Page 164
Intracellular Viral Specific Glycoproteins......Page 166
Presence of gp69/71 and p15(E) Peptide Sequences in gPr90env......Page 167
Viral Protein p12(E)......Page 170
Cell-Free Synthesis of an Unglycosylated Precursor to gp69/71 and P15(E)......Page 172
Model for the Synthesis and Processing of R-MuLV Proteins......Page 174
Model for the Synthesis and Processing of Viral Envelope Proteins......Page 177
Virus Assembly......Page 178
Literature Cited......Page 180
11 Glycoprotein Inhibitor of Lipoprotein Lipase from Aortic Intima—Its Possible Role in Atherosclerosis......Page 184
Literature Cited......Page 194
12 Carbohydrate Moieties of the Collagens and Collagen-Like Proteins in Health and Disease......Page 196
STRUCTURE OF THE CARBOHYDRATE MOIETY......Page 197
OCCURRENCE IN THE DIFFERENT COLLAGEN TYPES......Page 198
BIOSYNTHETIC ATTACHMENT OF HEXOSE TO PROCOLLAGEN α CHAINS......Page 201
FACTORS CONTROLLING HYDROXYLYSINE FORMATION AND SUBSEQUENT GLYCOSYLATION......Page 205
DISEASES AFFECTING THE LEVELS OF COLLAGEN-ASSOCIATED CARBOHYDRATE......Page 206
LITERATURE CITED......Page 207
13 Molecular Pathology of Vascular Elastic Fiber—The Importance of the Glycoprotein Coat......Page 210
LITERATURE CITED:......Page 236
14 Membrane Glycoproteins—Dynamics and Affinity Isolation......Page 239
LECTIN AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY......Page 241
Lectin Affinity Purification of RBC Glycoproteins......Page 242
Lectin Affinity Purification of Lymphoid Cell Membrane Components......Page 245
Lectin Affinity Chromatography of Components from Other Cell Types......Page 247
DYNAMICS OF CELL SURFACE LECTIN RECEPTORS......Page 249
LITERATURE CITED......Page 252
15 Masking of Cell-Surface Antigens by Ectoglycoproteins......Page 255
Occurrence......Page 256
Early Chemical and Immunochemical Studies of the TA3 Ascites Sublines......Page 257
The Origin of Nonstrain Specificity in the TA3 Ascites Cells......Page 258
Topographical Features of the TA3-Ha and TA3-St Cells......Page 260
Isolation of Epiglycanin......Page 261
Physicochemical Characterization of Epiglycanin......Page 265
Relevance to Human Cancer of Masking by Endogenous Glycoproteins......Page 266
Literature Cited......Page 270
16 Glycoconjugate Alterations in Malignant and Inflammatory Disease of the Colon......Page 273
Studies in Human Colonic Adenocarcinomatous Tissues.......Page 274
Cell Surface Glycoproteins of Human Colonic Adenocarcinoma Cells......Page 282
Summary......Page 286
Acknowledgement......Page 287
Literature Cited......Page 288
Materials and Methods......Page 289
Results......Page 293
Discussion......Page 298
Acknowledgments......Page 301
Literature Cited......Page 302
Properties of AFP......Page 304
Normal Development......Page 305
Hepatotoxic Liver Injury......Page 307
Tumor Development......Page 309
Abstract......Page 316
Literature Cited......Page 317
19 Carcinoembryonic Antigen—A Marker of Human Colonic Cancer......Page 320
REFERENCES......Page 330
1. Introduction......Page 335
2 . Accumulation of Precursor Carbohydrates of Blood Group Determinants......Page 336
3. Induction of \"incompatible\" determinants and Forssman glycolipid.......Page 339
4. Concluding remarks......Page 347
REFERENCES......Page 348
21 Role of Glycoconjugates in Expression of the Transformed Phenotype......Page 350
LITERATURE CITED......Page 375
More Directly Correlated to Cell Function......Page 376
Ancillary Data......Page 380
Literature Cited......Page 382
23 Cell-Surface Glycoproteins of Normal and Malignant Rat Liver Cells......Page 384
Materials and Methods......Page 385
Results and Discussion......Page 387
Literature Cited......Page 402
24 Membrane Glycoproteins of Rat Mammary Gland and Its Metastasizing and Nonmetastasizing Tumors......Page 404
Comparison of membrane glycoproteins from normal mammary gland, a nonmetastasizing tumor (R3230 AC) and a metastasizing tumor (13762).......Page 405
Glycoproteins of the ascites form of the 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma.......Page 408
Surface properties of the 13762 ascites tumor cells.......Page 411
Discussion......Page 414
Literature Cited......Page 416
B......Page 418
C......Page 420
D......Page 421
F......Page 422
G......Page 423
H......Page 424
K......Page 426
L......Page 428
M......Page 429
N......Page 430
P......Page 431
R......Page 432
S......Page 433
T......Page 435
W......Page 436
Y......Page 437
Z......Page 438
A......Page 439
C......Page 440
E......Page 442
G......Page 443
H......Page 445
M......Page 446
O......Page 447
P......Page 448
S......Page 449
Z......Page 450