Global Sports and Contemporary China: Sport Policy, International Relations and New Class Identities in the People’s Republic

Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Authors
Abbreviations
1: Introduction: Global Sport in Contemporary China
	Sport and the Chinese Communist Party
	Sporting Periodization and the Development of the PRC Since Reform
		The Reform Period (1979–2000)
		The Olympic Decade (2000–2008)
		The Inter-Olympic Period (2008–2022)
	Internal vs. External Dynamics of Chinese Sport
	Chapter Outlines
		Chapter 2: Chinese Sport Policy from Reform to the Millennium
		Chapter 3: An Olympic China: Sport and the Preparation for Beijing 2008
		Chapter 4: Global Sports and Shifting Focus: Sport Policy, Investment, and Culture Since Beijing 2008
		Chapter 5: Sport and Accessing a Global Community
		Chapter 6: When the Global Game Comes to the People’s Republic
		Chapter 7: New Forms of Domestic Distinction: Sport and Contemporary Chinese Class Structure
		Chapter 8: Tennis Culture and the Booming Middle Class
		Chapter 9: China’s Sporting Self-Determination: Achieving Independent Global Sporting Dominance
	Works Cited
2: Chinese Sport Policy from Reform to the Millennium
	A Controlled Embrace: Special Zones and Coastal Cities
	Proto-Professionalization and Early Marketization
	International Sports Event Hosting
	Olympic Underdevelopment and the Case for Investment
	Works Cited
3: An Olympic China: Preparing for Beijing 2008
	A Failed Bid
	A Winning Application: Bringing the Summer Games Back to East Asia
	Building an Olympic City
	Sporting Talent to Shoulder the Nation
	Women’s Sporting Successes and Embodying the Nation Through Sport
	Presenting a Superpower
	Works Cited
4: Global Sports and Shifting Focus: Sport Policy, Investment, and the Inter-Olympic Period
	A Post-Olympic Moment
	Ushering in a New Sporting Administration
	Defining the ‘Global Sport’ Era in China
	Sporting Policy and Investment in the Inter-Olympic Period
		Inter-Olympic Investment in National Sports Performance
		Mass Sports Participation in the Inter-Olympic Period
		The Commercial Sport Sector and Its Expansion After Beijing 2008
	Works Cited
5: Sport and Accessing a Global Community
	The Realities of Sporting Soft Power
	Global Sport as a Tool for China’s Program of International Interaction
	International Success and Bringing the World to China
	A Globally Oriented Chinese Middle Class
	When the Global Elite Return
	Critiques on Hosting International Events in China
	A Turn Inwards: Chinese Decline in International Sport
	Works Cited
6: When the Global Game Comes to the People’s Republic
	The Early Growth of the Game in China
	Women Led the Way: The FIFA World Cup in China
		International Achievement
		Where Is a Women’s Chinese Super League?
	The Construction of a Super League
	International Soccer and Underperformance
	The Rot in the System at Home and Abroad
	The Battle for the Soul of Chinese Soccer Continues
	Works Cited
7: New Forms of Domestic Distinction: Sport and Contemporary Chinese Class Structure
	Class in a Communist State
	The Urbanization of China and the Rural/Urban Divide
		Delayed Industrialization and Rapid Recovery
		Urbanization and the Post-Reform Context
		Internal Regulation and the Policy of Hukou
		The Contemporary Urban Elite
		Proxies for Class and Issues of Ethnicity: A Terminology of the Urban and the Rural
		A Renewed Concern: Xi Jinping Addressing Rural Decline
	The Growth of the Middle Class in China: Class Stratification with Chinese Characteristics
	Physical Culture and the Complications of Social Class Identity
	Sports on the Rise and Middle-Class Identity
	Works Cited
8: Tennis Culture and the Booming Urban Middle Class
	Translating a Sporting Culture
	From the Asian Games to the Pandemic Era
	Tennis in the Chinese Imaginary
	Tennis Development Between the City and the Rural
	The Role of Regional Differences
	Tennis in a Chinese Sporting Future
	Works Cited
9: China’s Sporting Self-Determination: Achieving Independent Global Sporting Dominance
	Where Does China Stand in Sport Today?
	Pandemic Effects and the Negative Impacts of Coronavirus on Chinese Sport Expansion
	A Changing Domestic and International Policy Context
	Sport and a New Era in Chinese Development
	Looking Past the Beijing Olympics 2022
	Works Cited
Index