George Facer’s A Level Chemistry Student Book 2

Cover
 Book title
 Contents
 Introduction
 1 Equilibrium II (Topic 11)
 The equilibrium constant, K[sub(c)]
 Calculation of K[sub(c)] from experimental data
 The equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure, K[sub(p)]
 Calculation of K[sub(p)] from experimental data
 Heterogeneous equilibria
 Effect of a change in temperature
 Effect of change of pressure or volume of the container on gaseous
 Effect of change of concentration of one species
 Effect of adding a catalyst
 Industrial and pharmaceutical processes
 2 Acid-base equilibria (Topic 12)
 Acid-base conjugate pairs. Strong and weak acids and basesAcid and base equilibrium constants
 Auto-ionisation of water and the pH scale
 The pH of acids, bases and salts
 Buffer solutions
 Acid-base indicators
 Titration curves
 Titrations involving weak acids or weak bases
 Enthalpy of neutralisation of acids
 The structure of acids
 3 Energetics II (Topic 13)
 Energetics of ionic bonding
 Extent of covalency: polarisation of the anion
 Entropy change of the system
 Entropy change of the surroundings
 Total entropy change
 Solubility
 Melting and boiling points
 4 Redox II (Topic 14)
 Electrochemical cells. Electrode potentialsPractical aspects of electrochemistry
 Oxidising and reducing agents
 Uncertainty of measurements
 5 Transition metals (Topic 15)
 Electron configuration
 Ionisation energies
 Common chemical properties of transition metals
 Common physical properties of transition metal ions
 Reactions of transition metal elements
 6 Kinetics II (Topic 16)
 Collision theory
 Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of energy
 Effect of physical conditions on rate
 Rate equations
 Experimental methods
 Mechanisms and the rate-determining step. Effect of temperature and a catalyst on the rate constant7 Chirality (Topic 17)
 Structural isomerism
 Stereoisomerism
 Optical isomerism
 Chirality and mechanisms
 8 Carbonyl compounds (Topic 17)
 Aldehydes
 Ketones
 General structural formulae
 Physical properties
 Laboratory preparation
 Reactions of aldehydes and ketones
 9 Carboxylic acids (Topic 17)
 Carboxylic acids and their derivatives in nature
 Carboxylic acids
 Acyl chlorides
 Esters
 10 Arenes (Topic 18)
 The benzene ring
 Nomenclature of arenes
 Benzene, C[sub(6)]H[sub(6)]
 Phenol, C[sub(6)]H[sub(5)]OH. Benzoic acid, C[sub(6)]H[sub(5)]COOH2-methylnitrobenzene, CH[sub(3)]C[sub(6)]H[sub(4)]NO[sub(2)]
 11 Organic nitrogen compounds (Topic 18)
 Amines
 Phenylamine, C[sub(6)]H[sub(5)]NH[sub(2)]
 Amides
 Natural products containing the amine group
 Amino acids
 Proteins
 12 Organic synthesis (Topic 18)
 Increase in carbon-chain length
 Decrease in carbon-chain length
 Other common transformations
 Reactions of arenes
 Multi-step syntheses
 Risk and hazard
 Methods of preparation and purification
 Yields
 Stereochemistry of reactions
 13 Analytical techniques (Topic 19)
 Organic analysis.