Garden Plants Taxonomy: Volume 1: Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Monocots)

Foreword
Preface
	References
Alphabetical List of Families
Introduction
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
1: NOMENCLATURE FOR CULTIVATED PLANTS
	INTRODUCTION
	COMMON NAMES
	BOTANICAL NAMES
		Use of Botanical Names in Horticulture
		Concepts of Ranks
	HORTICULTURAL NAMES
	TYPES AND ORIGINS OF CULTIVARS
		Asexually Reproduced Cultivars
		Sexually Produced Cultivars
	PRONUNCIATION OF NAMES
		A Comment on Use of Double Names
2: LYCOPHYES AND MONILOPHYTES (FERNS)
	INTRODUCTION
	LYCOPODIOPSIDA/LYCOPHYTES
		LYCOPODIACEAE
			CLUBMOSSES, GROUND PINES, WOLF FOOT
				15 GENERA AND 390 SPECIES
		SELAGINELLACEAE
			SPIKE MOSSES, LESSER CLUBMOSSES
				±750 SPECIES IN 1 GENUS
		ISOETACEAE
			QUILLWORT FAMILY
	MONILOPHYTES (FERNS)
		FERN FROND TERMINOLOGY
		FAMILIES OF EXTANT FERNS
		PSILOTACEAE
			WISK FERN FAMILY
				2 GENERA AND ±12 SPECIES
		OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
			ADDER’S-TONGUE FAMILY
				4 GENERA AND 80 SPECIES
		EQUISETACEAE
			HORSETAIL FAMILY
		OSMUNDACEAE
			OSMUNDA FAMILY
				6 GENERA AND 18 SPECIES
			Osmunda regalis
				ROYAL FERN
			Todea barbara
				KING FERN
		MARSILIACEAE
		CYATHEACEAE
			SCALY TREE FERN FAMILY
				5 GENERRA AND 500+ SPECIES
		PTERIDACEAE
			(INCLUDING ADIANTACEAE)
				MAIDENHAIR FERN FAMILY
					53 GENERA AND ±1210 SPECIES
			Acrostichum danaeifolium
				GIANT LEATHER FERN
			Adiantum spp.
				MAIDENHAIR FERN
			Pteris cretica
				CRETAN BRAKE FERN
		DRYOPTERIDACEAE
			THE SHIELD FERN OR WOOD FERN FAMILY
				26 GENERA AND ABOUT ±2235 SPECIES
			Cyrtomium falcatum
				HOLLY FERN
			Polystichum setiferum
				SOFT SHIELD FERN
			Rumohra adiantiformis
				LEATHERLEAF FERN
		POLYPODIACEAE
			POLYPODIUM FAMILY
				63 GENERA AND ±1650 SPECIES
			Platycerium spp.
				STAGHORN FERNS
			Pleopeltis michauxiana
				RESURRECTION FERN
			Drynaria quercifolia
				BASKET FERN
			ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ASPLENIACEAE
			SPLEENWORT FAMILY
				25 GENERA AND 515 SPECIES
			Asplenium nidus
				BIRD’S NEST FERN
		WOODSIACEAE
			(INCLUDING ATHYRIACEAE)
				LADY FERNS
					1 or 2 GENERA AND 65 SPECIES
			Athyrium niponicum
				JAPANESE PAINTED FERN
			Diplazium proliferum
				MOTHER FERN
		BLECHNACEAE
			BLECHNOIDS FAMILY, CHAIN FERN FAMILY
				24 GENERA AND ±265 SPECIES
			Blechnum brasiliense
				ANGELFIRE, BRAZILEAN TREE FERN
		DAVALLIACEAE
			DAVALLIA FAMILY
				1 GENUS AND 65 SPECIES
			Davallia fejeensis
				RABBIT’S FOOT FERN
		DICKSONIACEAE
			DICKSONIA FAMILY
				3 GENERA AND ±35 SPECIES
			Balantium antarcticum
				AUSTRALIAN TREE FERN, TASMANIAN TREE FERN; TASMANIAN DICKSONIA
		LOMARIOPSIDACEAE
			LOMARIOPSID FAMILY
				5 GENERA AND 70 SPECIES
			Nephrolepis exaltata
				BOSTON FERN, SWORD FERN
		LYGODIACEAE
			CLIMBING FERNS
				1 GENUS AND ±25 SPECIES
			Lygodium spp.
				JAPANESE CLIMBING FERN
		MARATTIACEAE
			MARATTIA FAMILY
				6 GENERA AND 110 (135?) SPECIES
			Angiopteris evecta
				ELEPHANT FERN, GIANT FERN, KING FERN
			ADDITIONAL FAMILIES
3: Gymnosperms
	Introduction
	GROWTH HABITS
	LEAVES
	DURATION OF GROWTH
	MICROSTROBILUS
	MEGASTROBILUS
	FAMILIES AND GENRA OF EXTANT GYMNOSPERMS (Based on Christenhusz et al. 2011)
	CYCADIDAE
		CYCADACEAE
			CYCAS FAMILY
				MONOGENERIC WITH ±92 SPECIES
		CYCAS SEEDS
			Cycas multipinnata
				ROYAL SAGO
			Cycas revoluta
				SAGO PALM, KING SAGO PALM
			Cycas rumphii
				QUEEN SAGO PALM
			Cycas taitungensis
				PRINCE SAGO OR EMPEROR SAGO
					Megasporophyll of Cycas taitungensis
				ADDITIONAL CYCAS SPECIES
		ZAMIACEAE
			ZAMIA FAMILY
				8 GENERA AND ±200 SPECIES
			BOWENIA
				2 Extant Species
			CERATOZAMIA
				About 25 Species
				Ceratozamia hildae
					BAMBOO CYCAD
				Ceratozamia kuesteriana
				Ceratozamia microstrobila
					ADDITIONAL CERATOZAMIA SPECIES
			DIOON
				About 12 Species
				Dioon edule
					CHAMAL, CHESTNUT DIOON, MEXICAN SAGO
				Dioon spinulosum
					GIANT DIOON
			ENCEPHALARTOS
				About 60 Species
			LEPIDOZAMIA
				2 Species
			MACROZAMIA
				About 40 Species
			MICROCYCAS
				1 Species
			STANGERIA
				1 Species
			ZAMIA
				±50 Species
				Zamia furfuracea
					CARDBOARD PLANT
				Zamia integrifolia
					COONTIE, FLORIDA ARROWROOT, SEMINOLE BREAD
				Zamia vazquezii
					FERNLEAF ZAMIA, HELECHO
						ADDITIONAL SPECIES
	GINKGOIDAE
		GINKGOACEAE
			1 Genus and 1 Species
				Ginkgo biloba
					MAIDENHAIR TREE
	GNETIDAE
		GNETACEAE
			1 Genus and About 40 Species
				Gnetum spp.
		WELWITSCHIACEAE
			1 Genus and 1 Species
				Welwitschia mirabilis
					WELWITSCHIA
	CONIFERS
		(PINOPHYTA, CONIFEROPHYTA)
			Subclass PINIDAE
	PINIDAE
		PINACEAE
			PINE FAMILY
				11 GENERA AND ABOUT 250 SPECIES
			Subclass PINIDAE
				Cedrus deodara
					DEODAR CEDAR, HIMALAYAN CEDAR
				Pinus elliottii
					SLASH PINE
				Pinus glabra
					SPRUCE PINE
				Pinus palustris
					LONGLEAF PINE
				Pinus taeda
					LOBLOLLY PINE
						ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ARAUCARIACEAE
			3 GENERA AND ±40 SPECIES
			Agathis robusta
				QUEENSLAND KAURI; SMOOTH BARK KAURI; DAMMAR KURI PINE
			Araucaria bidwillii
				BUNYA-BUNYA, FALSE MONKEY PUZZLE TREE
			Araucaria heterophylla
				NORFOLK ISLAND PINE
			Wollemia nobilis
				WELLEMI TREE, WELLOMI PINE
		PODOCARPACEAE
			PODOCARPUS FAMILY
				17 GENERA AND ±170 SPECIES
			Afrocarpus gracilior
				AFRICAN FERN TREE, WEEPING OR FERN PODOCARPUS
			Nageia nagi
				ASIAN BAYBERRY, NAGI PODOCARPUS
			Podocarpus macrophyllus
				PODOCARP, KUSAMAKI
		CUPRESSACEAE
			CYPRESS FAMILY
				31 GENERA AND ±130 SPECIES
			Cupressus × leylandii
				LEYLAND CYPRESS
			Cryptomeria japonica
				JAPANESE CEDAR (SUGI)
			Cunninghamia lanceolata
				CUNNINGHAMIA, CHINA FIR
			Cupressus sempervirens
				ITALIAN CYPRESS
					Juniperus Foliage Variation
			Juniperus chinensis
				CHINESE JUNIPER
			Juniperus conferta
				SHORE JUNIPER
			Juniperus horizontalis
				CREEPING JUNIPER
			Juniperus virginiana
				RED CEDAR
			Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola
				SOUTHERN RED CEDAR
			Metasequoia glyptostroboides
				DAWN REDWOOD
			Platycladus orientalis
				ORIENTAL ARBORVITAE
			Taxodium distichum
				BALD CYPRESS; SWAMP CYPRESS
		TAXACEAE
			TAXUS (YEW) FAMILY
				6 GENERA AND ±30 SPECIES
			Cephalotaxus harringtonii
				JAPANESE PLUM YEW
			Taxus floridana
				FLORIDA YEW
					ADDITIONAL GENUS
		SCIADOPITYACEAE
			1 Genus and 1 Species
				Sciadopitys verticillata
					UMBRELLA PINE
4: ANGIOSPERMS: FLOWERING PLANTS
	INTRODUCTION
	ANGIOSPERM CHARACTERISTICS
		PLANT BODY
			VEGETATIVE CHARACTERISTICS
			FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
	MONOCOTYLEDONS (MONOCOTS)
		ACORACEAE
			SWEET-FLAG FAMILY
		ARACEAE
			ARUM FAMILY
				113 (144?) GENERA AND ±3300 (3645?) SPECIES
			Aglaonema commutatum
				AGLAONEMA; POISON DART PLANT
			Alocasia spp.
				ELEPHANT’S EAR
			Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
				STINK LILY; ELEPHANT FOOT YAM
			Anthurium andraeanum
				TAIL FLOWER, FLAMINGO FLOWER
			Arisaema ringens
				JAPANESE COBRA LILY
			Caladium bicolor
				FANCY LEAFED CALADIUM; ANGEL WINGS
			Dieffenbachia spp.
				DUMB CANES
			Epipremnum pinnatum
				GOLDEN POTHOS
			Monstera deliciosa
				SPLIT-LEAF PHILODENDRON, SWISS CHEESE PLANT
			Philodendron Species and Cultivars
			Philodendron bipennifolium
				FIDDLELEAF OR HORSEHEAD PHILODENDRON
			Philodendron bipinnatifidum
				SELLOUM
			Philodendron hederaceum
				HEART-LEAF PHILODENDRON
			Philodendron martianum
				FLASK PHILODENDRON
			Scindapsus pictus
				POTHOS; SILVER VINE
			Spathiphyllum wallisii
				PEACE LILY, SPATHE FLOWER
			Syngonium podophyllum
				NEPHTHYTIS, SYNGONIUM
			Zantedeschia aethiopica
				CALLA LILY; ARUM LILY
			Zamioculcas zamiifolia
				ZANZIBAR GEM; ZZ PLANT
				ADDITIONAL GENUS
		ALISMATACEAE
			WATER-PLANTAINS
				17 GENERA AND 85 to 120 SPECIES
			Sagittaria montevidensis
				RUBY-EYE ARROWHEAD; GIANT ARROWHEAD
				ADDITIONAL GENUS
		DIOSCOREACEAE
			YAM FAMILY
				4 GENERA AND 870 SPECIES
			Dioscorea spp.
		TACCACEAE
			BAT FLOWERS
				1 GENUS AND 10–12 SPECIES
			Tacca chantrieri
				BLACK BAT FLOWER; TIGER’S WHISKERS; DEVIL FLOWER
		VELLOZIACEAE
			7 GENERA AND ±300 SPECIES
		PANDANACEAE
			SCREW-PINE FAMILY
				5 GENERA AND ±770 SPECIES
			Freycinetia cumingiana
				CLIMBING PANDANUS; FLOWERING PANDANUS
			Pandanus utilis
				SCREW PINE
		MELANTHIACEAE
			TRILLIUM FAMILY
				17 GENERA AND 173 (186?) SPECIES
			Trillium grandiflorum
				SHOWY TRILLIUM, WHITE TRILLIUM, WOOD LILY
			Paris polyphylla
				LOVE APPLE
			Anticlea (Zigadenus) elegans
				MOUNTAIN DEATHCAMAS, WHITE DEATHCOMAS
		ALSTROEMERIACEAE
			ALSTROMERIA FAMILY
				4 GENERA AND 253 SPECIES
			Alstroemeria spp.
				PERUVIAN LILY, LILY OF THE INCAS
		COLCHICACEAE
			COLCHICUM FAMILY
				15 GENERA AND ±285 SPECIES
			Gloriosa superba
				GLORIOSA LILY, GLORY LILY
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		PHILESIACEAE
			CHILEAN-BELLFLOWER FAMILY
				2 GENERA AND 2 SPECIES
			Lapageria rosea
				CHILEAN BELFLOWER
		LILIACEAE
			LILY FAMILY
				15 (18?) GENERA AND ±700 SPECIES
			Fritillaria imperialis
				CROWN IMPERIAL
			Lilium Species and Cultivars
				LILIES
			Tulipa Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars
				TULIPS
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ORCHIDACEAE
			ORCHID FAMILY
				750 (763) GENERA AND ±28,000 SPECIES ±125,000 HYBRIDS
			ORCHID FEATURES
				ORCHIDACEAE SUBFAMILIES
			Paphiopedilum
				LADY’S SLIPPER ORCHID
			Phragmipedium
				SLIPPER ORCHID
			Brassia
				SPIDER ORCHIDS
			Bulbophyllum
			Cattleya
				CATTLEYA
			Dendrobium
				DENDROBIUM
			Epidendrum
				EPIDENDRUM, REED-STEM EPIDENDRUMS
			Masdevallia
				MASDEVALLIA
			Miltonia and Miltoniopsis
				PANSY ORCHIDS
			Oncidium
				DANCING LADY ORCHID, ONCIDIUM
			Phaius tankervilleae
				NUN’S ORCHID, PHAIUS, SWAMP ORCHID
			Phalaenopsis
				MOTH ORCHID, PHALAENOPSIS
			Vanda
				VANDA
			Zygopetalum
				ZYGOPETALUM
			Ludisia discolor
				JEWEL ORCHID
			Vanilla planifolia
				FLAT-LEAVED VANILLA
		IRIDACEAE
			IRIS FAMILY
				66 GENERA AND ±2244 SPECIES
			Crocosmia aurea
				FALLING STARS; VALENTINE FLOWERS
			Dietes iridioides
				AFRICAN IRIS; FORTNIGHT LILY
			Gladiolus spp. and Cultivars
				GLADIOLUS
			Iris spp. and Hybrids
				IRIS, FLEUR-DE-LIS
			Neomarica caerulea
				BRAZILIAN IRIS; WALKING IRIS; APOSTLE PLANT
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ASPHODELACEAE
			ASPHODEL FAMILY
				40 GENERA AND 900 SPECIES
			Aloë spp.
				ALOE
			Dianella tasmanica
				TASMANIAN FLAX LILY
			Eremurus robustus
				FOXTAIL LILY; DESERT CANDLE
			Gasteria spp.
				OX TONGUE; COW TONGUE
			Haworthia angustifolia
				ZEBRA HAWORTHIA
			Hemerocallis fulva
				DAYLILY, TAWNY LILY, LEMON LILY
			Kniphofia uvaria
				RED-HOT POKER
			Phormium tenax
				NEW ZEALAND FLAX
			Xanthorrhoea johnsonii
				JOHNSON’S GRASS TREE
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		AMARYLLIDACEAE
			AMARYLLIS FAMILY
				80 GENERA AND 2165 SPECIES
			Agapanthus praecox
				AGAPANTHUS; LILY OF THE NILE
			Allium spp.
				ONIONS
			Clivia miniata
				KAFFIR LILY; NATAL LILY
			Crinum spp.
				CRINUM LILY, SPIDER LILY
			Cyrtanthus elatus
				GEORGE LILY; SCARBOROUGH LILY
			Eucharis amazonica
				AMAZON LILY; EUCHARIST LILY
			Hippeastrum Hybrids and Cultivars
				“AMARYLLIS”
			Lycoris radiata
				SPIDER LILY; HURRICANE LILY
			Narcissus Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars
				DAFFODIL, JONQUIL
			Scadoxus multiflorus
				AFRICAN BLOOD LILY, FIREBALL LILY
			Tulbaghia violacea
				SOCIETY GARLIC
			Zephyranthes spp.
				RAIN LILY, ZEPHYR LILY
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ASPARAGACEAE
			ASPARAGUS FAMILY
				143 GENERA AND ±3632 SPECIES
			Agave americana
				CENTURY PLANT
			Agave tuberosa
				TUBEROSE
			Agave vivipara
				CARIBBEAN AGAVE
			Agave vilmoriniana
				OCTOPUS AGAVE
			Asparagus spp.
				ASPARAGUS FERN
			Aspidistra elatior
				CAST IRON PLANT
			Beaucarnea recurvata
				PONYTAIL PALM; BOTTLE PALM
			Chlorophytum comosum
				SPIDER PLANT
			Cordyline fruticosa
				TI PLANT
			Dracaena draco
				CANARY ISLANDS DRAGON TREE
			Dracaena marginata
				MADAGASCAR DRAGON TREE
			Dracaena reflexa
				SONG OF INDIA
			Dracaena fragrans
				CORN PLANT
			Dracaenia trifasciata
				SNAKE PLANT; MOTHER-IN-LAW’S TONGUE
			Hosta spp.
				PLANTAIN LILIES; HOSTAS
			Hyacinthus orientalis
				HYACINTH
			Lachenalia aloides
				OPAL FLOWER; CAPE COWSLIP
			Ledebouria socialis
				SILVER SQUILL; WOOD HYACINTH; LEOPARD LILY
			Liriope muscari
				LILYTURF, MONKEY GRASS, LIRIOPE
			Ornithogalum dubium
				SUN STAR, STAR OF BETHLEHAM
			Maianthemum racemosum
				FALSE SPIKENARD; FEATHERY FALSE SOLLOMON’S SEAL
			Ophiopogon japonicus
				MONDO GRASS, DWARF LILYTURF
			Ruscus aculeatus
				BATCHLOR’S BROOM
			Scilla luciliae
				GLORY-OF-THE-SNOW, LUCILES’S GLORY-OF-THE-SNOW
			Yucca aloifolia
				SPANISH BAYONET
			Yucca filifera
				TREE YUCCA; ST. PETER’S PALM
			Yucca gigantea
				SPINELESS YUCCA
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		ARECACEAE (= PALMAE)
			PALM FAMILY
				195 GENERA AND ±2400 SPECIES
				IMPORTANT PALM CHARACTERISTICS
			Acoelorrhaphe wrightii
				PAUROTIS PALM, SAW CABBAGE PALM, EVERGLADE PALM
			Adonidia merrillii
				CHRISTMAS PALM, MANILA PALM
			Allagoptera arenaria
				SEASHORE PALM
			Bismarckia nobilis
				BISMARK PALM
			Butia odorata
				PINDO PALM, JELLY PALM
			Caryota mitis
				BURMESE FISHTAIL PALM, CLUSTERING FISHTAIL PALM
			Chamaedorea elegans
				NEANTHE BELLA, PARLOR PALM
			Chamaedorea seifrizii
				REED PALM
			Chamaedorea costaricana
				COSTA RICAN BAMBOO PALM
			Chamaerops humilis
				EUROPEAN FAN PALM; DWARF FAN PALM
			Chambeyronia macrocarpa
				FLAME THROWER PALM; RED FEATHER PALM, BLUSHING PALM
			Coccothrinax argentata
				FLORIDA SILVER PALM
			Coccothrinax crinita
				OLDMAN PALM; MAT PALM; THATCH PALM
			Cocos nucifera
				COCONUT PALM
			Copernicia baileyana
				BAILEY FAN PALM
			Copernicia macroglossa
				CUBAN PETTICOAT PALM
			Cyrtostachys renda
				SEALING WAX PALM; LIPSTICK PALM
			Dypsis lutescens
				YELLOW BUTTERFLY PALM; GOLDEN CANE PALM
			Hemithrinax ekmaniana
				JUMAGUA PALM, LOLLIPOP PALM
			Hyophorbe verschaffeltii
				SPINDLE PALM
			Hyphaene thebaica
				DOUM PALM; GINGERBREAD TREE
			Johannesteijsmannia altifrons
				JOEY PALM; DIAMOND JOEY
			Kerriodoxa elegans
				WHITE ELEPHANT PALM; KING THAI PALM
			Latania loddigesii
				LATAN PALMS
			Licuala grandis
				RUFFLED FAN PALM; VANUATU FAN PALM
			Livistona chinensis
				CHINESE FAN PALM
			Phoenix canariensis
				CANARY ISLAND DATE PALM
			Phoenix reclinata
				SENEGAL DATE PALM
			Phoenix roebelenii
				PYGMY DATE PALM, MINIATURE DATE PALM
			Pritchardia hillebrandii
				MOLOKAI FAN PALM; HAWAIAN FAN PALM; LOULU LELO
			Pseudophoenix vinifera
				CHERRY PALM, WINDE PALM
			Ptychosperma macarthurii
				MACARTHUR PALM, MACURTHUR FEATHER PALM, CLUSTER PALM
			Rhapidophyllum hystrix
				NEEDLE PALM
			Rhapis excelsa
				LADY PALM
			Roystonea regia
				ROYAL PALM, CARIBBEAN ROYAL PALM; FLORIDA ROYAL PALM
			Sabal palmetto
				CABBAGE PALM
			Salacca magnifica
				SALAK PALM
			Serenoa repens
				SAW PALMETTO
			Syagrus cearensis
				COCO-BABÃO; CATOLÉ
			Syagrus romanzoffiana
				QUEEN PALM
			Trachycarpus fortunei
				WINDMILL PALM; CHUSAN PALM
			Washingtonia robusta
				MEXICAN WASHINGTON PALM, MEXICAN FAN PALM
			Wodyetia bifurcata
				FOXTAIL PALM
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		COMMELINACEAE
			SPIDERWORT FAMILY
				41 GENERA And ±730 SPECIES
			Palisota barteri
				PALISOTA
			Tradescantia pallida
				PURPLE SECRETIA; PURPLE HEART, PURPLE QUEEN
			Tradescantia zebrina var. zebrina
				WANDERING JEW
			Tradescantia spathacea
				OYSTER PLANT, MOSES IN THE CRADLE
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		STRELITZIACEAE
			BIRD OF PARADISE FAMILY
			Ravenala madagascariensis
				MADAGASCAR TRAVELLER’S TREE; TRAVELLER’S PALM
			Strelitzia nicolai
				GIANT BIRD OF PARADISE; WHITE BIRD OF PARADISE
			Strelitzia reginae
				BIRD OF PARADISE; CRANE FLOWER
		HELICONIACEAE
			HELECONIA FAMILY
				1 GENUS AND ±200 SPECIES
			Heliconia angusta
				CHRISTMAS HELICONIA
			Heliconia caribaea
				CARIBBEAN HELECONIA; HELECONIA LOBSTER CLAW
			Heliconia chartacea
				PINK FLAMINGO HELECONIA
			Heliconia lingulate
				FALSE BIRD OF PARADISE, YELLOW FAN
			Heliconia pogonantha
				POGONANTHA
			Heliconia psittacorum
				PARAKEET FLOWER; PARROT’S FLOWER
			Heliconia rostrata
				HANGING LOBSTER CLAW; FALSE BIRD OF PARADISE
			Heliconia vellerigera
				FURRY HELICONIA; KING KONG HELICONIA
		MUSACEAE
			BANANA FAMILY
				3 GENERA AND ±80 SPECIES
			Ensete spp.
				ABYSSINIAN BANANA; FALSE BANANA, ENSET
			Musa spp.
				BANANA; PLANTAIN
		CANNACEAE
			CANNA FAMILY
				1 GENUS (Canna), 12 (10) SPECIES
			Canna × generalis
				CANNA
		MARANTACEAE
			ARROWROOT FAMILY; PRAYER-PLANT FAMILY
				27 (29) GENERA AND ABOUT 555 (627) SPECIES
			Calathea crocata
				ETERNAL FLAME
			Calathea crotalifera
				RATTLESNAKE PLANT
			Calathea ornata
				PIN-STRIPED PLANT
			Maranta leuconeura
				PRAYER PLANT
				ADDITIONAL GENUS
		COSTACEAE
			COSTUS FAMILY
				7 GENERA AND 140 SPECIES
			Costus comosus
				SPIRAL GINGER; RED FLOWER GINGER
			Costus stenophyllus
				BAMBOO COSTUS; BAMBOO GINGER; SNAKE GINGER
			Costus woodsonii
				RED BUTTON GINGER; INDIAN HEAD GINGER
			Tapeinochilos ananassae
				INDONESIAN WAX GINGER, RED WAX GINGER, PINEAPPLE GINGER
				ADDITIONAL GENUS
		ZINGIBERACEAE
			GINGER FAMILY
				50 GENERA AND 1548 SPECIES
			Alpinia calcarata
				SNAP GINGER
			Alpinia purpurata
				RED GINGER; OSTRICH PLUME
			Alpinia zerumbet
				SHELL GINGER; SHELL FLOWER; VARIAGATED GINGER
			Etlingera elatior
				RED TORCH GINGER; PHILIPPINE WAX FLOWER
			Globba globulifera
				PURPLE GLOBE GINGER, DANCING LADY GINGER
			Hedychium Species and Cultivars
			Hedychium coronarium
			Hedychium longicornutum
				HORNBILL GINGER
			Renealmia alpinia
				SWEET LEAF; HONEY LEAF
			Zingiber zerumbet
				PINE CONE LILY, WILD GINGER
				ADDITIONAL GENERA
		HAEMODORACEAE
			BLOODWORT FAMILY
				14 GENERA AND ±100 SPECIES
			Anigozanthos spp.
				KANGAROO PAW; CATSPAW; AUSTRALIAN SWORD LILY
		BROMELIACEAE
			PINEAPPLE FAMILY
				51 GENERA AND 3475 SPECIES
			Aechmea fasciata
				SILVER VASE
			Aechmea blanchetiana
				BLANCHET BROMELIAD
			Aechmea gamosepala
				MATCH STICK PLANT; GAMOS BROMELIAD
			Aechmea mariae-reginae
				QUEEN AECHMEA
			Ananas comosus
				PINEAPPLE
			Billbergia nutans
				QUEEN’S TEARS, FRIENDSHIP PLANT
			Cryptanthus bivittatus
				EARTH STAR
			Guzmania lingulata
				GUZMANIA, SCARLET STAR
			Hechtia spp.
			Hohenbergia stellata
				HOHENBERGIA
			Neoregelia spectabilis
				PAINTED FINGERNAIL BROMELIAD
			Tillandsia guatemalensis
				PINK QUILL
			Tillandsia usneoides
				SPANISH MOSS
			Vriesea spp. and Cultivars
				VRIESEA
				ADDITIONAL TAXA
		CYPERACEAE
			SEDGE FAMILY
				113 GENERA AND ±6000 SPECIES
			Cyperus alternifolius
				UMBRELLA SEDGE, UMBRELLA PALM
		POACEAE (= GRAMINEAE)
			GRASS FAMILY
				ABOUT 650 GENERA AND 9000 SPECIES
			Bambusa textilis
				TEXTILE BAMBOO; WEAVER’S BAMBOO
			Bambusa ventricosa
				BUDDHA’S BELLY BAMBOO
			Bambusa vulgaris
				COMMON BAMBOO; GOLDEN BAMBOO
			Cortaderia selloana
				PAMPAS GRASS
			Cynodon dactylon
				BERMUDA GRASS
			Eremochloa ophiuroides
				CENTIPEDE GRASS
			Gigantochloa atroviolacea
				TROPICAL BLACK BAMBOO; TIMOR BLACK BAMBOO
			Hakonechloa macra ‘Aureola’
				GOLDEN HAKONE GRASS
			Paspalum notatum
				BAHIA GRASS
			Pennisetum alopecuroides
				FOUNTAIN GRASS
			Pennisetum × advena ‘Sky Rocket’
				SKY ROCKET FOUNTAIN GRASS; VARIAGATED GREEN FOUNTAIN GRASS
			Stenotaphrum secundatum
				ST. AUGUSTINE GRASS
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Glossary
References
References for Glossary
Index