Fundamentals of Residential Construction

Fundamentals of Residential Construction......Page 3
Contents......Page 7
Preface......Page 13
Acknowledgments......Page 15
PART ONE CONTEXT......Page 17
1 The Context for Construction......Page 19
A Building Culture......Page 23
Construction Systems......Page 25
Types of Residential Development......Page 27
Zoning Ordinances, Building Codes, and Other Legal Constraints......Page 33
Building Costs and Financing......Page 34
Environmental Responsibility: Building Green......Page 37
Building a House: The Typical Process......Page 39
2 The Construction Community: Builders, Contractors, and Developers......Page 47
History......Page 48
Builders and Contractors......Page 49
Obtaining Work......Page 54
The Residential Developer......Page 56
Training the Construction Community......Page 61
Green Builders, Contractors, and Developers......Page 63
3 The Design Community......Page 67
History......Page 68
Residential Designers......Page 69
Consultants......Page 71
The Design Process......Page 72
Design Sources......Page 79
Communication between Designer and Builder......Page 81
Green Designers......Page 84
PART TWO MATERIALS......Page 87
4 The Material Wood......Page 89
Trees......Page 90
Lumber......Page 94
Wood Products......Page 104
Chemical Treatment......Page 115
Wood Fasteners......Page 116
Building Green with Wood......Page 122
5 Masonry......Page 127
History......Page 128
Mortar......Page 131
Concrete Masonry......Page 132
Brick Masonry......Page 142
Stone Masonry......Page 154
Other Types of Masonry Units......Page 158
Special Problems of Masonry Construction......Page 159
Building Green with Masonry......Page 161
6 Concrete......Page 165
History......Page 166
Cement and Concrete......Page 167
Making and Placing Concrete......Page 170
Reinforcing......Page 174
Building Green with Concrete......Page 181
PART THREE WOOD LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION......Page 185
7 Rough Sitework......Page 187
Design Considerations......Page 188
Site Preparation......Page 189
Excavation......Page 191
Site Utilities......Page 192
Surface Water Drainage......Page 197
Grading......Page 200
Green Practices for Rough Sitework......Page 202
8 Foundations......Page 207
Foundation Settlement......Page 208
Soils......Page 209
Designing Foundations......Page 211
Footings......Page 214
Concrete Foundation Walls......Page 217
Concrete Masonry Foundation Walls......Page 220
Concrete Slab Foundations......Page 222
Wood Foundations......Page 226
Drainage and Waterproofing......Page 228
Foundation Insulation......Page 231
Foundation Design and the Building Codes......Page 232
9 Floor and Wall Framing......Page 235
The Platform Frame......Page 236
Building the Frame......Page 238
10 Roof Framing......Page 265
History......Page 266
Roof Types and Parts......Page 267
Building the Roof......Page 269
Wood Framing and the Building Codes......Page 287
The Uniqueness of Wood Light Frame Construction......Page 288
Building Green with Wood Framing......Page 290
11 Finishing the Roof......Page 293
Preparation for Roofing......Page 294
Roof Slope......Page 296
Steep Roofs......Page 297
Low-Slope Roofs......Page 309
Roof Edge Details......Page 314
Roof Drainage......Page 317
Roofing and the Building Codes......Page 319
Building Green with Roofing......Page 320
12 Windows and Exterior Doors......Page 323
Windows......Page 324
Exterior Doors......Page 336
Building Green with Windows and Doors......Page 341
13 Finishing the Exterior Walls......Page 345
The Weather Barrier Membrane......Page 347
Exterior Trim......Page 349
Siding......Page 350
Exterior Paints and Coatings......Page 360
Ladders and Scaffolds......Page 364
Building Green at the Exterior Walls......Page 366
14 Plumbing......Page 369
Plumbing Basics......Page 370
Planning for Pipes......Page 374
Rough-in Plumbing......Page 375
Plumbing Codes......Page 378
Other Piping Systems......Page 379
Building Green with Plumbing Systems......Page 382
15 Heating and Cooling......Page 387
Choosing a System......Page 388
Forced-Air Systems......Page 390
Radiant Panel Systems......Page 396
Hydronic Heating Systems......Page 400
Local Source Heaters......Page 401
Green Strategies for Heating and Cooling Buildings......Page 404
16 Electrical Wiring......Page 409
Wiring Basics......Page 410
Electrical System Design......Page 416
Rough-in Electrical Installation......Page 418
Finish Electrical......Page 420
Low-Voltage Wiring......Page 421
Building Green with Electrical Systems......Page 422
17 Thermal Insulation......Page 425
The Thermal Envelope and Components......Page 427
Thermal Insulation Materials......Page 431
Installation of Insulation......Page 436
Control of Water Vapor......Page 438
Ventilation of Cavities......Page 440
Control of Air Infi ltration......Page 444
Building Green with Thermal Insulation......Page 446
18 Fireplaces and Stoves......Page 451
Selecting a Fireplace......Page 453
The Masonry Fireplace......Page 454
Factory-Built Fireplaces......Page 464
Freestanding Stoves......Page 467
Fireplaces and the Building Codes......Page 468
How Green Are Fireplaces and Stoves?......Page 470
19 Interior Surfaces......Page 473
Wall and Ceiling Finish......Page 474
Finish Flooring......Page 481
Building Green with Gypsum Products......Page 488
20 Finishing the Interior......Page 491
Interior Doors......Page 492
Cabinets......Page 495
Finish Carpentry and Trim......Page 502
Paints and Coatings......Page 509
Building Green with Paints and Coatings......Page 510
21 Finish Sitework......Page 513
Paving Systems......Page 514
Level Changes......Page 517
Porches and Decks......Page 521
Finish Grading......Page 522
Fencing......Page 523
Outdoor Lighting......Page 525
Irrigation......Page 526
Planting......Page 527
Green Considerations in Finish Sitework......Page 528
PART FOUR\rALTERNATIVE\rCONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS......Page 531
22 Multifamily Construction......Page 533
History......Page 534
Foundations......Page 537
Framing......Page 546
Fire Protection......Page 549
Systems......Page 552
Accessibility......Page 555
Site Management......Page 556
Green Issues for Multifamily Housing......Page 557
23 Low-Tech, Low-Energy Construction......Page 563
Earthen Construction......Page 564
Stacked Log Construction......Page 572
Straw Bale Construction......Page 578
The “Greenness” of Earth, Logs, and Bales......Page 587
24 Loadbearing Masonry and Concrete Construction......Page 591
Loadbearing Masonry......Page 592
Insulating Concrete Forms......Page 598
25 Timber Frame Construction......Page 609
The Uniqueness of the Timber Frame......Page 611
Materials and Structure of the Timber Frame......Page 612
Building a Timber Frame House......Page 616
Building Green with Heavy Timber......Page 622
26 Light-Gauge Steel Construction......Page 625
Light-Gauge Steel Frame Construction......Page 626
Building Green with Steel Framing......Page 636
27 Panelized Construction......Page 639
The Concept of Panelized Construction......Page 640
Types of Panels......Page 641
Structural Insulated Panels......Page 642
Glossary......Page 659
Index......Page 685