Fundamentals of Aviation Operations (Aviation Fundamentals)

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Preface
Introduction
Part I: The Aviation Sector
	1 Theoretical Framework
		1.1 Many Different Parties
			1.1.1 The Technological Dimension
			1.1.2 The Economic Dimension
			1.1.3 The Political Dimension
		1.2 The Human Factor
		1.3 Dynamics of Aviation
		1.4 Managing and Planning Capacities
		1.5 Working in Aviation
			1.5.1 International Environment
			1.5.2 Competitive Environment
			1.5.3 Professional Competencies
			1.5.4 Level of Education
			1.5.5 Engineering versus Operations
	2 Authorities in Aviation
		2.1 Nation States
		2.2 International Cooperation: ICAO
		2.3 National Aviation Authorities
			2.3.1 FAA versus EASA
		2.4 Air Transport Agreements
			2.4.1 Freedoms of the Air
		2.5 Liberalization
			2.5.1 US
			2.5.2 EU
			2.5.3 Asia
			2.5.4 Middle East
		2.6 Air Navigational Service Providers
			2.6.1 Air Traffic Management
			2.6.2 Upper Airspace Control
			2.6.3 ATM Cooperation
		2.7 Governments as Accident Investigators
	3 Structure of Aviation Supply
		3.1 Ownership of Aviation Suppliers
		3.2 Margins and Profitability in Aviation
		3.3 The Need for Economies of Scale
		3.4 An Oligopolistic Business
		3.5 Link to the Military and To Space
		3.6 Business-To-Business Markets
	4 Structure of Aviation Demand
		4.1 Passengers
			4.1.1 The Business Passenger
			4.1.2 The EVFR Passenger
			4.1.3 The Leisure Passenger
			4.1.4 Social Demand
			4.1.5 Military Demand
		4.2 Freight
			4.2.1 Cargo
			4.2.2 Mail
			4.2.3 Parcels
		4.3 Demand Variation
			4.3.1 Fluctuation of Demand
			4.3.2 Imbalance of Demand
			4.3.3 Volatility of Demand
	5 Sustainability of Aviation
		5.1 Co[sub(2)] Emissions of Aviation
		5.2 The Paris Agreement
		5.3 Technical Solutions
		5.4 CORISA and Beyond
		5.5 An Inconvenient Truth
Part II: Airports
	6 The Legal Framework of Airports
		6.1 ICAO Regulations
		6.2 Air Side and Land Side
		6.3 Nationality and Jurisdiction at Air Side
		6.4 Rules and Regulations on Security
	7 Types of Airports
		7.1 Airport Location
			7.1.1 Catchment Area
			7.1.2 Surface Connectivity
			7.1.3 Surface Transport Alternatives
			7.1.4 Distance between Airports
			7.1.5 Hub Location
		7.2 Different Types of Airports
			7.2.1 O+D Airports
			7.2.2 Hub Airports
			7.2.3 Regional Airports
			7.2.4 Leisure Airports
			7.2.5 Cargo Airports
			7.2.6 Refuelling Airports
		7.3 The Airport/Airline Relationship
		7.4 The Local Impact of Airports
	8 Airport Economic Management
		8.1 Airport Key Performance Indicators
		8.2 Airport Economics
			8.2.1 Airport Cost
			8.2.2 Airport Income
			8.2.3 Airport Profitability
		8.3 Airport Ownership
		8.4 New Airport Planning
		8.5 Airport Competition
		8.6 Airport Council International
	9 Aeronautical Services at the Airport
		9.1 ATC at the Airport
			9.1.1 Ground Control
			9.1.2 Approach Control
			9.1.3 Landing Devices
		9.2 Rescue and Firefighting Services
		9.3 Fuelling Services
		9.4 Flight Information Services
			9.4.1 Flight Plan Services
			9.4.2 Meteorological Services
		9.5 Customs and Immigration
		9.6 Security at the Airport
	10 Airport Capacity Management
		10.1 Airside Capacity: Aircraft Movements
			10.1.1 Terminal Control Area
			10.1.2 Runway Layout
			10.1.3 Runway Dimensions
			10.1.4 Apron Capacity
			10.1.5 Fuelling Capacity
			10.1.6 Towing Capacity
			10.1.7 Slot Assignment
			10.1.8 Weather Conditions
		10.2 Landside Capacity: Passenger Movements
			10.2.1 Airport Access
			10.2.2 Check-In
			10.2.3 Security Check
			10.2.4 Customs and Immigration
			10.2.5 Gate Planning
			10.2.6 Luggage Handling
		10.3 The Cargo Terminal
		10.4 Collaborative Decision Making
		10.5 Modelling and Simulating
Part III: Aircraft
	11 Aircraft Operation
		11.1 Legal Framework: Aircraft Certification
			11.1.1 Certification Documents
		11.2 The Aircraft as Production Unit
			11.2.1 Manufacturer’s Empty Weight
			11.2.2 Operating Empty Weight
			11.2.3 Maximum Zero Fuel Weight
			11.2.4 Maximum Take-Off Weight
		11.3 Payload-Range Diagram
		11.4 Aircraft Field Performance
			11.4.1 Runway Dimensions
			11.4.2 Outside Air Temperature
			11.4.3 Airport Elevation
			11.4.4 Runway Bearing Strength
		11.5 Turnaround Characteristics
		11.6 Noise Characteristics
		11.7 ETOPS
	12 Aircraft Economics
		12.1 The Aircraft as Capital Good
			12.1.1 Aircraft Life Cycle
			12.1.2 Aircraft Values
		12.2 Aircraft Financing
		12.3 Aircraft Types
			12.3.1 Narrow-Body Aircraft
			12.3.2 Wide-Body Aircraft
			12.3.3 Freighter Aircraft
		12.4 Economic Characteristics
			12.4.1 Cycle Cost
		12.5 Fleet Commonality
	13 Aircraft Supply and MRO
		13.1 Original Equipment Manufacturers
			13.1.1 Airframe OEMS
			13.1.2 Engine OEMS
			13.1.3 Component OEMS
		13.2 Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
			13.2.1 Legal Framework
			13.2.2 Maintenance Repair and Overhaul
			13.2.3 MRO Intervals
			13.2.4 Three Levels of MRO
		13.3 Managing MRO
		13.4 MRO Providers
Part IV: Airlines
	14 Airline Management
		14.1 Legal Framework
			14.1.1 Rules and Regulations on Flight Crews
		14.2 Business Models
			14.2.1 The Full-Service Carrier FSC
			14.2.2 Low-Cost Carriers
			14.2.3 Regional Carriers
			14.2.4 Leisure Carriers
			14.2.5 Freight Carriers
		14.3 The Marketing Challenge
		14.4 Customer Management
			14.4.1 Digitization and Social Media
			14.4.2 Frequent Flyer Programmes
		14.5 People Business
		14.6 Airline Ownership
		14.7 Airline Competition
		14.8 Airline Cooperation
			14.8.1 Code Sharing
			14.8.2 Alliances
			14.8.3 Joint Ventures
			14.8.4 Take-Over
			14.8.5 Franchising
		14.9 Volatility of Demand
		14.10 IATA
	15 Airline Economics
		15.1 Key Performance Indicators
			15.1.1 Available Seat Kilometre
			15.1.2 Revenue Passenger Kilometre
			15.1.3 Load Factor
			15.1.4 Cost Per ASK
			15.1.5 Revenue Per ASK
			15.1.6 Aircraft Utilization
			15.1.7 Margin
		15.2 Different Types of Costs
			15.2.1 Fixed Cost
			15.2.2 Variable Cost
			15.2.3 Direct Cost
			15.2.4 Indirect Cost
			15.2.5 Marginal Cost
		15.3 Direct Operating Cost
			15.3.1 Ownership Cost
			15.3.2 Fixed Crew Cost
			15.3.3 Maintenance Cost
			15.3.4 Fuel Cost
			15.3.5 Ground Handling Cost
			15.3.6 Airport Charges
			15.3.7 Landing Fee
			15.3.8 Navigation Charge
			15.3.9 Catering Cost
			15.3.10 Variable Crew Cost
		15.4 Indirect Operating Cost
			15.4.1 Overhead
			15.4.2 Cost of Sales
			15.4.3 Miscellaneous
		15.5 Airline Revenues
			15.5.1 Fares
			15.5.2 Ancillary Sales
			15.5.3 Services to Other Airlines
			15.5.4 Aircraft Trade
		15.6 Results
			15.6.1 Operational Result
			15.6.2 Finance
			15.6.3 Taxation
			15.6.4 Net Result
	16 Airline Planning
		16.1 Market Research
		16.2 Network Planning
			16.2.1 O+D Networks
			16.2.2 Hub Networks
		16.3 Schedule Planning
			16.3.1 Block Times
			16.3.2 Seasons
		16.4 Strategic Fleet Planning
			16.4.1 Aircraft Size
			16.4.2 Fleet Size
			16.4.3 Fleet Expansion
		16.5 Crew Planning
			16.5.1 Crew Ratio
			16.5.2 Capacity Flexibility
			16.5.3 Fleet Expansion
		16.6 Maintenance Planning
		16.7 Commercial Planning
			16.7.1 CRS
			16.7.2 Fare Levels
			16.7.3 Revenue Management
			16.7.4 Ancillary Sales
		16.8 Modelling and Simulating
	17 Airline Operations
		17.1 Tactical Fleet Planning
		17.2 Crew Pairing
		17.3 Ground Operations
			17.3.1 Turnaround Process
			17.3.2 Home-Base Operations
			17.3.3 Outstation Operations
		17.4 Disruption Management
			17.4.1 Schedule Robustness
			17.4.2 Aircraft Availability
			17.4.3 Operations Control Centre
		17.5 Catering Operations
		17.6 Fuel Preservation
		17.7 Cargo Operations
		17.8 Planning It
Part V: Epilogue
	18 Into the Future
		18.1 Demand Growth
		18.2 Network Development
		18.3 Capacity Constraints
		18.4 Fare Levels
		18.5 Consolidation
		18.6 Technology Changes
Index