Fundamental Electrical and Electronic Principles, Third Edition

Fundamental Electrical and Electronic Principles......Page 3
Copyright Page......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 9
Introduction......Page 11
1.1 Units......Page 13
1.3 \'Scientific\' Notation......Page 14
1.4 Conversion of Areas and Volumes......Page 16
1.5 Graphs......Page 17
1.6 Basic Electrical Concepts......Page 19
1.7 Communication......Page 38
Summary of Equations......Page 41
Assignment Questions......Page 42
2.1 Resistors in Series......Page 43
2.2 Resistors in Parallel......Page 47
2.3 Potential Divider......Page 52
2.4 Current Divider......Page 53
2.5 Series/Parallel Combinations......Page 55
2.6 Kirchhoff\'s Current Law......Page 60
2.7 Kirchhoff\'s Voltage Law......Page 61
2.8 The Wheatstone Bridge Network......Page 67
2.9 The Wheatstone Bridge Instrument......Page 75
2.10 The Slidewire Potentiometer......Page 77
Summary of Equations......Page 80
Assignment Questions......Page 81
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 84
3.1 Coulomb\'s Law......Page 87
3.2 Electric Fields......Page 88
3.3 Electric Field Strength (E)......Page 90
3.4 Electric Flux (ψ) and Flux Density (D)......Page 91
3.5 The Charging Process and Potential Gradient......Page 92
3.6 Capacitance (C)......Page 95
3.9 Relative Permittivity (ε[sub(r)])......Page 96
3.11 Calculating Capacitor Values......Page 97
3.12 Capacitors in Parallel......Page 99
3.13 Capacitors in Series......Page 101
3.14 Series/Parallel Combinations......Page 104
3.15 Multiplate Capacitors......Page 107
3.16 Energy Stored......Page 109
3.17 Dielectric Strength and Working Voltage......Page 113
3.18 Capacitor Types......Page 114
Summary of Equations......Page 117
Assignment Questions......Page 119
Suggested Practical Assignment......Page 122
4.2 Magnetic Fields......Page 123
4.3 The Magnetic Circuit......Page 126
4.4 Magnetic Flux and Flux Density......Page 127
4.5 Magnetomotive Force (mmf)......Page 128
4.6 Magnetic Field Strength......Page 129
4.7 Permeability of Free Space (µ[sub(0)])......Page 130
4.9 Absolute Permeability (µ)......Page 131
4.10 Magnetisation (B/H) Curve......Page 134
4.11 Composite Series Magnetic Circuits......Page 138
4.12 Reluctance (S)......Page 140
4.13 Comparison of Electrical, Magnetic and Electrostatic Quantities......Page 143
4.14 Magnetic Hysteresis......Page 144
4.15 Parallel Magnetic Circuits......Page 146
Summary of Equations......Page 147
Assignment Questions......Page 148
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 150
5.1 Faraday\'s Law of Electromagnetic Induction......Page 153
5.3 Fleming\'s Righthand Rule......Page 156
5.4 EMF Induced in a Single Straight Conductor......Page 159
5.5 Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor......Page 163
5.6 The Motor Principle......Page 165
5.7 Force between Parallel Conductors......Page 168
5.8 The Moving Coil Meter......Page 170
5.10 Shunts......Page 174
5.11 Multipliers......Page 175
5.12 Figure of Merit and Loading Effect......Page 178
5.13 The Ohmmeter......Page 182
5.14 Wattmeter......Page 183
5.15 Eddy Currents......Page 184
5.16 Self and Mutual Inductance......Page 186
5.17 Self-Inductance......Page 187
5.18 Self-Inductance and Flux Linkages......Page 188
5.19 Factors Affecting Inductance......Page 191
5.20 Mutual Inductance......Page 192
5.21 Relationship between Self- and Mutual-Inductance......Page 194
5.22 Energy Stored......Page 196
5.23 The Transformer Principle......Page 198
5.24 Transformer Voltage and Current Ratios......Page 200
Summary of Equations......Page 203
Assignment Questions......Page 204
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 207
6.1 Production of an Alternating Waveform......Page 209
6.3 Standard Expression for an Alternating Quantity......Page 212
6.4 Average Value......Page 215
6.5 r.m.s. Value......Page 217
6.6 Peak Factor......Page 218
6.7 Form Factor......Page 219
6.8 Rectifiers......Page 220
6.9 Half-wave Rectifier......Page 221
6.10 Full-wave Bridge Rectifier......Page 222
6.11 Rectifier Moving Coil Meter......Page 224
6.12 Phase and Phase Angle......Page 225
6.13 Phasor Representation......Page 228
6.14 Addition of Alternating Quantities......Page 231
6.15 The Cathode Ray Oscilloscope......Page 236
6.16 Operation of the Oscilloscope......Page 238
6.17 Dual Beam Oscilloscopes......Page 240
Summary of Equations......Page 241
Assignment Questions......Page 242
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 244
7.1 Motor/Generator Duality......Page 245
7.2 The Generation of d.c. Voltage......Page 247
7.4 Classification of Generators......Page 250
7.5 Separately Excited Generator......Page 251
7.6 Shunt Generator......Page 252
7.7 Series Generator......Page 254
7.9 Shunt Motor......Page 256
7.10 Series Motor......Page 257
Summary of Equations......Page 259
Assignment Questions......Page 260
8.1 Capacitor-Resistor Series Circuit (Charging)......Page 261
8.2 Capacitor-Resistor Series Circuit (Discharging)......Page 265
8.3 Inductor-Resistor Series Circuit (Connection to Supply)......Page 268
8.4 Inductor-Resistor Series Circuit (Disconnection)......Page 271
Summary of Equations......Page 272
Assignment Questions......Page 273
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 274
9.1 Atomic Structure......Page 275
9.2 Intrinsic (Pure) Semiconductors......Page 276
9.3 Electron-Hole Pair Generation and Recombination......Page 278
9.4 Conduction in Intrinsic Semiconductors......Page 279
9.6 n-type Semiconductor......Page 280
9.7 p-type Semiconductor......Page 282
9.8 The p-n Junction......Page 283
9.9 The p-n Junction Diode......Page 284
9.11 Reverse-biased Diode......Page 285
9.12 Diode Characteristics......Page 286
9.13 The Zener Diode......Page 288
Assignment Questions......Page 293
Suggested Practical Assignments......Page 294
Appendix A: SI Units and Quantities......Page 295
Answers to Assignment Questions......Page 297
E......Page 301
O......Page 302
Z......Page 303