Functional Categories

Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 4
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Contents......Page 9
Tables......Page 13
Figures......Page 16
Preface......Page 17
Abbreviations......Page 19
1 Introduction......Page 25
Theoretical perspectives on categorisation......Page 27
The perspective taken in this book......Page 29
Disclaimers......Page 31
The organisation of this book......Page 32
Grammar......Page 35
2 Functional categories and language typology......Page 37
Structuralism: Sapir and Jakobson......Page 38
The notional classification of functional categories......Page 39
Expanding the range of functional categories in language description......Page 40
Towards a new classification......Page 44
Conclusions......Page 49
Lexical realisation......Page 50
A case study: Quechua......Page 53
Other criteria......Page 56
Primitives at the interface......Page 63
Clitics......Page 64
Conclusions......Page 65
Semantic features of functional categories......Page 66
The syntax/semantics interface and interpretability of features......Page 70
Deletability and expression as a null form......Page 71
The special status of discourse markers......Page 72
Interjections......Page 75
Conclusions......Page 76
5 Theoretical syntax: the generative tradition......Page 77
Historical overview......Page 78
Theoretical considerations......Page 82
Diagnostic criteria......Page 85
The category P......Page 89
Conclusions......Page 94
Historical linguistics......Page 95
6 Grammaticalisation......Page 97
Different dimensions of the grammaticalisation process......Page 100
Frequently emerging functional categories......Page 101
Grammaticalisation theory and generative models of functional categories......Page 107
Conclusions......Page 110
7 Linguistic reconstruction......Page 112
Functional categories in Indo-European......Page 114
The evidence from Proto-Uralic......Page 115
The evidence from Afro-Asiatic......Page 117
The evidence from Amerind......Page 119
Conclusions......Page 120
Psycholinguistics......Page 121
8 Speech production......Page 123
Production models: evidence from speech error studies......Page 124
Garrett’s distinction between functional and positional structure......Page 129
Frequency effects......Page 130
Evidence from neurolinguistic studies......Page 132
Conclusions......Page 134
First language development......Page 135
Child bilingual development......Page 140
Second language development......Page 143
Conclusions......Page 149
Agrammatism......Page 151
Case marking and adpositions in agrammatic speech......Page 157
Structural interpretations of agrammatic speech......Page 162
Specific Language Impairment......Page 163
Conclusions......Page 166
The study of attrition......Page 167
Gaelic in Scotland......Page 170
Dyirbal in north-eastern Australia......Page 171
Hungarian in the United States......Page 172
Low German in western Siberia......Page 174
Conclusions......Page 175
Language contact and bilingual speech......Page 177
The study of sign languages......Page 179
Grammaticalisation......Page 180
Reference tracking and agreement......Page 183
Classifiers......Page 185
Conclusions......Page 186
The basic phenomenon......Page 187
The wider phenomenon......Page 189
Language distance and equivalence......Page 191
Problem areas......Page 192
The proper definition of functional categories......Page 196
Conclusions......Page 200
14 Lexical borrowing......Page 201
Spanish borrowings in Bolivian Quechua......Page 202
Romance borrowings in Maltese Arabic......Page 207
Conclusions......Page 211
15 Pidgin and creole genesis......Page 212
Pidgins and creoles......Page 213
Tok Pisin......Page 217
Saramaccan......Page 222
Negerhollands......Page 225
Creole lexical and functional categories......Page 229
Conclusions......Page 233
Issues of definition and delimitation......Page 235
Classical mixed languages: Media Lengua......Page 237
Split languages: Michif......Page 243
Reverse type: Spanish Romani or Caló......Page 248
Functional categories and relexification......Page 249
Conclusions......Page 250
17 Foreigner Talk......Page 251
The study of Foreigner Talk......Page 254
Maxims, strategies, and models for Foreigner Talk......Page 258
Conclusions......Page 261
18 Conclusions: towards a modular and multi-dimensional perspective......Page 262
Main findings from grammar......Page 264
Main findings from psycholinguistics......Page 265
Main findings from language contact studies......Page 266
A differentiated perspective on functional categories......Page 268
Functional categories from an evolutionary perspective......Page 269
Prospects......Page 277
References......Page 279
Author index......Page 302
Subject index......Page 308
Language index......Page 318