From the Damascus Covenant to the Covenant of the Community: Literary, Historical, and Theological Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls (Studies of the Texts of the Desert of Judah)

From the Damascus Covenant tothe Covenant of the Community: Literary, Historical, and Theological Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls......Page 4
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Abbreviations......Page 14
Introduction......Page 18
1.1 Introduction......Page 22
1.2 On the Literary Unity of CD VII,9-VIII,12/XIX,5b-25a......Page 23
1.3 Critique of the "Princes of Judah" or of "Those Who Depart from Judah"?......Page 29
1.4 The Isaiah-Amos-Numbers Midrash (CD VII, 10-VIII, 1 a) and the Zechariah-Ezekiel Midrash (CD XIX,7-13b)......Page 46
1.5 The Original End of the Admonition......Page 56
1.6 Conclusion......Page 57
2.1 Introduction......Page 60
2.2 The Punctuation of CD XIX,33b-XX,1a......Page 64
2.3 The "New Covenant" in CD XIX,33-34 and XX,12......Page 70
2.4 The Origins and Function of CD XX, 1b-8a, 13b-34......Page 84
2.5 Conclusion......Page 90
3.1 Introduction......Page 94
3.2 "Entering the New Covenant in the Land of Damascus"......Page 95
3.2.1 The Moab Covenant as Entrance into a New Covenant......Page 101
3.2.2 The Preaching of the Prophets to the Exiles and Its Reception by the Deuteronomists......Page 105
3.2.3 "The Land of Damascus" as the Place of Israel's Exile in D......Page 113
3.2.4 Summary and Prospect......Page 121
3.3 The New Covenant as the Initiative of God......Page 125
3.4 The Relationship between Covenant and New Covenant......Page 129
3.5 The Usage of the Term "The New Covenant in the Land of Damascus" in D......Page 133
3.6 An Eschatological New Covenant?......Page 138
3.7 Conclusion......Page 141
Appendix 1 : Covenant and New Covenant in the Sinai Pericope......Page 143
Appendix 2: Jubilees and New Covenant Theology......Page 154
Appendix 3: Jeremiah 31:31 in 4QDf (4Q271) 4 ii 1-4?......Page 155
4.1 Introduction......Page 158
4.2 The Hypothesis of Morton Smith......Page 161
4.3.1 The Analogy of שבי ישראל and בני הגולה......Page 163
4.3.2 The Theology and Political Ideology of the Returnees from Exile......Page 167
4.3.3 Conclusion......Page 179
4.4.1 The Problem of the Foreigner in Post-Exilic Judah......Page 180
4.4.2 The Status of the גר in Old Testament Literature......Page 185
4.4.3 The Chronicler's Vision for Israel and the Place of the Samaritans......Page 199
4.4.4 The Damascus Covenant as a Covenant forall Israel......Page 213
4.4.5 Conclusion......Page 222
4.5.1 Zadokites and Levites......Page 223
4.5.2 Compromise between Priestly and Deuteronomic Traditions......Page 228
4.5.3 The Judean Polity in Chronicles and in the Damascus Covenant......Page 230
4.6 The Matrix of the Damascus Covenant......Page 234
4.7 The Relationship of the Present Hypothesis to Hypotheses on Qumran Origins......Page 244
5.1 Introduction......Page 250
5.2.1 Continuity and Development in Polity......Page 251
5.2.2 Continuity in Halakah......Page 261
5.3.1 The Evidence of MMT......Page 267
5.3.2 The Problem of Purity......Page 282
5.3.3 The Origin of the yaḥad as a Refuge from Impurity......Page 294
5.3.4 The Debate over Purity in the Historical Context of the Development of Halakah......Page 313
5.4 Who Was the Preacher of the Lie?......Page 320
5.5 The Community's Self-Understanding as a Substitute for the Temple......Page 325
5.6 The Move to the Desert......Page 332
5.7 The Community Headed by the Zadokite Priesthood......Page 333
5.8 Conclusion......Page 335
6.2 The Three Major Sources of Qumran Dualism......Page 336
6.2.1 The Dualism of the Aramaic Sacerdotal Texts......Page 337
6.2.2 The Dualism of the Sapiential Tradition......Page 346
6.2.3 Sapiential Tradition and Cosmic and Anthropological Dualism in 1QS III,13-IV,26......Page 358
6.2.4 Eschatological War Dualism......Page 367
6.2.5 The Date and Historical Setting of the Rule of War......Page 380
6.3 The Analogy of Jubilees in the Development of Qumran Dualism......Page 382
6.4 Summary on the Origins and Function of Qumran Dualism......Page 390
6.5 Dualism in the Damascus Covenant?......Page 395
Excursus on Officers (měbaqqēr and maśkîl)......Page 400
6.6 The Dualism of the Sapiential Tradition in the Discourses of CD......Page 407
6.7 Cosmic Dualism as Secondary Addition in CD......Page 409
6.8 Conclusion......Page 422
7.1 Introduction......Page 426
7.2 The Genre, Authorship, and Relative Chronology of the Hymns......Page 427
7.3 Covenantal Traditions in 1QHa VII,8-26 [Suk. XV,8-26]......Page 433
7.4 Covenantal Traditions in 1QHa VI,8-22 [Suk. XIV,8-22]......Page 438
7.5 Covenant and the Righteousness of God in 1QS IX,26-XI,22......Page 443
Excursus on the Concept of the Righteousness of Godin the hôdāyôt......Page 448
7.6 The yaḥad and the Revelation of Human Sinfulness......Page 461
7.7 The yaḥad as Locus of Justification......Page 464
7.8 Conclusion......Page 472
8.1 Introduction......Page 478
8.2 The Concept of Covenant Renewal in Jubilees......Page 480
8.3 The Roots of the Concept of Covenant Renewalin the OT......Page 487
8.4 Covenant Renewal in the Dead Sea Scrolls......Page 494
8.5 The Merging of Temple, Kingdom, and the People of God......Page 503
8.6 Conclusion......Page 508
9.2 The Literaiy-Critical Problem in CD III,17......Page 510
9.3 CD III, 17b-18a as Retrospective from the Qumran Community......Page 516
9.4 The "Sure House" of CD III,19-20 as the Zadokite-Led Qumran Community......Page 522
9.5 CD III,21-IV,4b and the Development of the QumranCommunity......Page 531
9.6 A Missing List of Members of the yahad in CD IV,4c-6a......Page 541
9.7 Atonement Only for Members of the Community......Page 544
9.8 Conclusion......Page 548
10.2 Historical Summary......Page 552
10.3 Covenantal Theology......Page 555
10.4 Literary Stratigraphy......Page 557
10.5 Relationship to Other Hypotheses......Page 559
10.6 The Essenes of the Classical Sources......Page 561
Bibliography......Page 572
Index of Modern Authors......Page 594
Index of Scripture References......Page 598
Index of Other Ancient Sources......Page 613