From Bulk to Nano: The Many Sides of Magnetism

Preface......Page 7
Contents......Page 10
Symbols......Page 15
Introduction......Page 19
1.1 Review of Certain Historic Magnetic Concepts......Page 20
1.2 Origins of Magnetism on an Atomic Scale......Page 24
1.3 Structure-Dependent Micromagnetism......Page 29
1.4 Towards Technological Advancements......Page 33
References......Page 34
2.1 Introduction......Page 36
2.2 A Basic Definition of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise......Page 37
2.3 Stress Effects......Page 41
2.4 Effects of Microstructure on MBN......Page 50
2.5 Competitiveness of MBN in Nondestructive Evaluation......Page 53
References......Page 55
3.1 The Interest in Magneto-optical Media......Page 58
3.2 Magnetoelectric Materials......Page 68
References......Page 81
4.1 Introduction......Page 88
4.3 What is Responsible for GMR?......Page 89
4.5 “Spin-down” vs. “Spin-up” Scattering: Magnetic Impurities......Page 90
4.8 The Role of Exchange Bias......Page 92
4.9 Ni–Fe Alloys......Page 93
4.11 Ni–Fe Alloys with Higher Fe Content......Page 94
4.12 Basic Principles of Storing Information Magnetically......Page 95
4.13 Materials for spin valve Sensors......Page 97
4.14 The Need for Proper Sensor Design......Page 98
4.16 Anisotropic Magnetoresistive Sensors......Page 99
4.18 GMR Sensors with CPP Geometry......Page 100
4.19 Dual Spin Valves......Page 101
4.20 Some GMR Multilayer Material Combinations......Page 102
4.22 The Nonmagnetic Spacer......Page 103
4.24 The Magnetic Tunnel Transistor......Page 104
4.25 Some Special Types of Ferromagnets......Page 105
4.26 Colossal Magnetoresistance......Page 106
4.27 CPP Geometry Preferred in Sensors......Page 107
4.28 Spin Valves in Commercial Applications......Page 108
References......Page 110
5.1 Encoding Information: Emergence of Spintronics......Page 116
5.2 Spin Injection......Page 117
5.3 Control of Spin Transport......Page 128
5.4.1 Detecting Single Spins......Page 136
References......Page 138
6.1 The Popularity of Magnetic Tapes......Page 145
6.2 Bit Patterned Magnetic Media......Page 150
6.3 Self-assembly and Magnetic Media......Page 155
6.4 Present Alternatives for Discrete Media Production......Page 161
References......Page 169
Reference......Page 177
Index......Page 178