Forms of Fellow Feeling: Empathy, Sympathy, Concern and Moral Agency

Cover
Half-title
Title page
Copyright information
Table of contents
Notes on contributors
I Introduction
	1 Empathy, Sympathy, Concern and Moral Agency
		1. Forms of Fellow Feeling
			1.1 Fellow Feeling
			1.2 Affect Valence
			1.3 Affective States and Transindividual Affect Transfer Mechanisms
			1.4 Content, Target, Object and Focus: The Case of Sympathy
			1.5 The Obscure Target of Empathy
			1.6 Consequences, Preconditions and Aetiology
		2. Fellow Feeling and Moral Agency
			2.1 Fellow Feeling and Prosociality
			2.2 Two Distinctions in Accounts of Morality
			2.3 Fellow Feeling, the Good and the Right
			2.4 Sympathy, Empathy and Moral Agency
		3. Conclusion
		Literature
II Empathy, Sympathy and Concern
	2 Empathy, Altruism, and Helping: Conceptual Distinctions, Empirical Relations
		1. The Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis
			Empathic Concern
			Altruistic Motivation
			Back to the Hypothesis
		2. Antecedents and Consequences of Empathy-Induced Altruistic Motivation
			Two Antecedents of Empathic Concern
			Consequences of Empathy-Induced Altruistic Motivation
		3. Evidence of Empathy-Induced Altruistic Motivation
		References
	3 Self-Recognition, Empathy, and Concern for Others in Toddlers
		1. Introduction
		2. Empathy Experiments
		3. Mirror Experiments
		4. Identification
		5. Self–Other Differentiation
		6. A Systemic View of Empathy
		7. Conclusion
		References
III Understanding Empathy
	4 Self-Simulation and Empathy
		1. The Compelling View: Subjective Engagement with the Other
		2. Failure to Forecast
		3. Forecasting
		4. Perspective Taking and Empathy
		5. Conclusion
		Bibliography
	5 Empathy as an Instinct
		1
		2
		3
		4
		References
	6 A Moral Account of Empathy and Fellow Feeling
		1. Max Scheler
		2. Fellow Feeling and Commitment to/Responsiveness to Others’ Well-Being
		3. Fellow Feeling and Recognitional Attitudes
		4. Common Conceptions of Empathy in Light of this Moral Analysis
		5. What Is the Intentional Object of Fellow Feeling: State of Mind, Objective Situation
		6. Barriers to the Understanding of the Other Required by Fellow Feeling
		7. Difference between Different Forms of Fellow Feeling
		Bibliography
IV Fellow Feeling and the Development of Prosociality
	7 Empathy-Related Responding and Its Relations to Positive Development
		1. Limitations of the Early Research on Empathy-Related Responding
		2. Does Empathy-Related Responding Relate to Prosocial Behavior?
		3. Empathy-Related Responding and Prosocial Moral Reasoning
		4. Relations of Empathy-Related Responding with Aggression/Externalizing Problems versus Social Adjustment
		5. Empathy-Related Responding and Self-Regulation
		6. The Origins of Empathy-Related Responding
		7. Conclusions
		References
	8 An Interdisciplinary Perspective on the Origins of Concern for Others
		1. Introduction
		2. Historical Considerations
		3. Developmental Origins of Concern for Others
			Sociobiological Considerations
			Neurobiological Considerations
		4. A Theory of the Development of Empathy in Humans
		5. The Development of Concern for Others in Humans: Empirical Evidence
			Typical Development of Concern for Others
		6. Expansions of Research on Concern for Others
			Developments in the First Year of Life
			Empathic Happiness and Empathic Cheerfulness
		7. Maladaptive Responses to Others in Distress
			Surfeits of Concern for Others in Distress
			Deficits in Concern for Others in Distress
				Active Disregard
				Passive Disregard for Others
		8. Reflections and Future Directions
			Motives for Prosocial Behavior
			Nature and Nurture
			Cognition and Emotion
			Kith, Kin, and Beyond
		References
	9 Sophisticated Concern in Early Childhood
		1. Multidetermined Empathic Concern
			Empirical Examination of Hoffman’s Theory
		2. Context-Dependent Empathic Concern
		3. Adult Empathic Responding: Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processes
			Bottom-Up Empathic Processes
			Top-Down Processes
		4. Multidetermined and Context-Dependent Empathic Responding in Development
			Can Top-Down Processes Generate Empathic Responses in Children?
			Can Top-Down Processes Modulate Empathic Responses in Children?
		5. The Mechanisms of Development
		6. Multidetermined and Context-Dependent Prosocial Behavior
		7. Future Directions and Conclusions
		References
V Empathy and Morality
	10 Is Empathy Required for Making Moral Judgments?
		1. Hume’s Account of Our Moral Sensibilities
		2. A Problem with Hume’s Account
		3. A Proposal
		4. Metaethics
		5. Two Ways of Making Moral Judgments
		6. A Kantian Objection
		References
	11 The Empathy in Moral Obligation
		1. Semantic and Methodological Preliminaries
			Moral Obligation
			Morality
			Methodology
		2. The Emotional Construction of Moral Obligation, Stage I
		3. The Emotional Construction of Moral Obligation, Stage II
		4. The Emotional Construction of Moral Obligation, Stage III
		5. The Emotional Construction of Moral Obligation, Stage IV
		6. Moral Obligation
		7. Some Consequences for Deontic Moral Judgements
		Bibliography
	12 Empathy and Reciprocating Attitudes
		1. Reciprocal Attitudes
		2. Reactive, Second- Personal Attitudes and Reciprocity
		3. Blame and Guilt as Reciprocating Attitudes
		Bibligraphy
	13 The Role of Empathy in an Agential Account of Morality: Lessons from Autism and Psychopathy
		1. Introduction
			How the (Possibly) Constitutive Role of Empathy for Morality Ought to Be Conceived
		2. Empathy and Morality in Autism and Psychopathy
		3. Conceptual Issues Regarding Moral Agency
		4. Conclusion
		Acknowledgements
		References
Author Index
Subject Index