Flora of Australia: Oceanic islands 2. Volume 50

Front cover
Front flap
Front endpaper
Frontispiece
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 50
	ILLUSTRATORS
	PHOTOGRAPHERS
FLORA EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
	COMMITTEE MEMBERS
	EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
INTRODUCTION
	Scope and presentation of the Flora
	Acknowledgments
	KEY TO PLANT GROUPS
	INDEX TO FAMILY KEYS
Colour Block 1
CHRISTMAS ISLAND
	GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
	CLIMATE
	POPULATION AND INDUSTRY
	VEGETATION
		PRIMARY RAINFOREST
		MARGINAL RAINFOREST
		AREAS WITH SURFACE WATER
			A. HOSNIES SPRING AND THE EASTERN TERRACES
			B. THE DALES
		OPEN FOREST, SCRUBBY FOREST AND VINE FOREST
		INLAND CLIFFS
		COASTAL FRINGE
		SHORE CLIFFS AND SPRAY ZONE
		MINED AREAS
		WEEDS OF HABITATION AND ROADSIDES
	EFFECT OF LAND CRABS ON THE VEGETATION
	DISPERSAL TO THE ISLAND
	ENDEMIC TAXA
	USE OF FOREST BY SEA BIRDS
	ENDEMIC LAND BIRDS AND FRUIT BATS
	NATIONAL PARK
	BIBLIOGRAPHY
	CHRISTMAS ISLAND SPECIES LIST
	KEY TO FAMILIES
		DICOTYLEDONAE
		MONOCOTYLEDONAE
		PINOPHYTA
		PTERIDOPHYTA & ALLIES
COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS
	GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
	PHYSIOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
	SOILS
	CLIMATE
	VEGETATION
		STRAND COMMUNITIES
		HERBFIELDS
		FOREST COMMUNITIES
		MANGROVE COMMUNITY
		MARINE COMMUNITIES
	FLORISTICS
	USAGE
	HISTORY
	COLLECTORS
	BIBLIOGRAPHY
	COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS SPECIES LISTS
		MAIN ATOLL
		NORTH KEELING ISLAND
		KEY TO FAMILIES
			DICOTYLEDONAE
			MONOCOTYLEDONAE
ASHMORE REEF AND CARTIER ISLAND
	ASHMORE REEF
		East Island
		Middle Island
		West Island
	CARTIER ISLAND
	BIBLIOGRAPHY
	ASHMORE REEF SPECIES LIST
	CARTIER ISLAND SPECIES LIST
	ASHMORE REEF
		KEY TO FAMILIES
		MAGNOLIOPHYTA
	CARTIER ISLAND
CORAL SEA ISLANDS TERRITORY
	GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
	PHYSIOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
	SOILS
	CLIMATE
	VEGETATION
		LITTORAL HERBFIELDS
		SHRUB COMMUNITY
		SHRUB–LOW FOREST COMMUNITY
		MARINE COMMUNITY
	FLORISTICS
	USEAGE
	HISTORY
	COLLECTORS
	BIBLIOGRAPHY
	CORAL SEA ISLANDS TERRITORY SPECIES LIST
	KEY TO FAMILIES
		MAGNOLIOPHYTA
SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS
	MACQUARIE ISLAND
	HEARD ISLAND AND McDONALD ISLANDS
	MACQUARIE ISLAND SPECIES LIST
	HEARD AND McDONALD ISLANDS SPECIES LIST
	KEY TO SUBANTARCTIC FAMILIES
		DICOTYLEDONAE
		MONOCOTYLEDONAE
		PTERIDOPHYTA & ALLIES
	REFERENCES
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
	DICOTYLEDONAE
		1. ANNONACEAE
			ANNONA
				1. *Annona muricata
				2. *Annona reticulata
		2. LAURACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CINNAMOMUM
				Cinnamomum iners
			2. CRYPTOCARYA
				Cryptocarya nitens
			3. CASSYTHA
				Cassytha filiformis
		3. HERNANDIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. HERNANDIA
				1. Hernandia ovigera
				2. Hernandia nymphaeifolia
			2. ILLIGERA
				Illigera appendiculata
			3. GYROCARPUS
				Gyrocarpus americanus
		4. PIPERACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. PIPER
				1. *Piper betle
				2. *Piper aduncum
			2. PEPEROMIA
				1. Peperomia laevifolia
				2. Peperomia rossii
				3. *Peperomia pellucida
		5. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
			ARISTOLOCHIA
				*Aristolochia littoralis
		6. RANUNCULACEAE
			RANUNCULUS
				Ranunculus crassipes
		7. MENISPERMACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. PACHYGONE
				Pachygone ovata
				Excluded species
			2. TINOSPORA
				1. *Tinospora crispa
				2. *Tinospora baenzigeri
		8. ULMACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CELTIS
				Celtis timorensis
			2. TREMA
				*Trema tomentosa
		9. MORACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. FICUS
				1. Ficus microcarpa
				2. Ficus saxophila
			2. MACLURA
				Maclura cochinchinensis
		10. URTICACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. LAPORTEA
				1. Laportea aestuans
				2. Laportea ruderalis
			2. DENDROCNIDE
				1. Dendrocnide peltata
					1a. Dendrocnide peltata var. peltata
					1b. Dendrocnide peltata var. murrayana
				2. Dendrocnide sinuata
			3. PIPTURUS
				Pipturus argenteus
			4. PROCRIS
				Procris pedunculata
			5. PILEA
				Pilea peploides
		11. CASUARINACEAE
			CASUARINA
				*Casuarina equisetifolia
		12. PHYTOLACCACEAE
			RIVINA
				*Rivina humilis
		13. NYCTAGINACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. PISONIA
				1. Pisonia umbellifera
				2. Pisonia grandis
			2. MIRABILIS
				*Mirabilis jalapa
			3. COMMICARPUS
				1. Commicarpus chinensis
				2. Commicarpus insularum
			4. BOERHAVIA
				1. Boerhavia albiflora
				2. Boerhavia repens
				3. Boerhavia diffusa
				4. Boerhavia glabrata
				5. Boerhavia burbidgeana
		14. AIZOACEAE
			SESUVIUM
				Sesuvium portulacastrum
		15. AMARANTHACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. DEERINGIA
				Deeringia amaranthoides
			2. CELOSIA
				*Celosia argentea
			3. AMARANTHUS
				1. Amaranthus spinosus
				2. *Amaranthus dubius
				3. *Amaranthus cruentus
				4. *Amaranthus tricolor
				5. Amaranthus viridis
				6. Amaranthus interruptus
			4. AERVA
				Aerva lanata
			5. ACHYRANTHES
				Achyranthes aspera
			6. ALTERNANTHERA
				1. *Alternanthera sessilis
				2. *Alternanthera pungens
				3. *Alternanthera bettzichiana
			7. GOMPHRENA
				*Gomphrena celosioides
		16. PORTULACACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. PORTULACA
				1. *Portulaca oleracea
				2. *Portulaca pilosa
				3. Portulaca tuberosa
			2. MONTIA
				Montia fontana
		17. BASELLACEAE
			BASELLA
				*Basella alba
		18. CARYOPHYLLACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. STELLARIA
				1. Stellaria parviflora
				2. *Stellaria media
			2. CERASTIUM
				*Cerastium fontanum
			3. COLOBANTHUS
				1. Colobanthus muscoides
				2. Colobanthus affinis
				3. Colobanthus apetalus
				4. Colobanthus kerguelensis
		19. POLYGONACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. ANTIGONON
				*Antigonon leptopus
			2. RUMEX
				*Rumex crispus
		20. PLUMBAGINACEAE
			PLUMBAGO
				Plumbago zeylanica
		21. CLUSIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CALOPHYLLUM
				Calophyllum inophyllum
			2. MAMMEA
				Mammea odorata
		22. TILIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. BERRYA
				Berrya cordifolia
			2. TRIUMFETTA
				1. Triumfetta suffruticosa
				2. Triumfetta repens
			3. CORCHORUS
				Corchorus aestuans
			4. GREWIA
				1. Grewia acuminata
				2. Grewia glabra
				3. Grewia insularis
		23. STERCULIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. HERITIERA
				Heritiera littoralis
			2. KLEINHOVIA
				Kleinhovia hospita
			3. MELOCHIA
				Melochia umbellata
		24. MALVACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. HIBISCUS
				1. Hibiscus tiliaceus
				2. Hibiscus vitifolius
			2. ABELMOSCHUS
				Abelmoschus manihot
			3. THESPESIA
				Thespesia populnea
			4. GOSSYPIUM
				*Gossypium barbadense
			5. URENA
				Urena lo
			6. MALVASTRUM
				*Malvastrum coromandelianum
			7. ABUTILON
				1. Abutilon auritum
				2. Abutilon listeri
				3. Abutilon asiaticum
			8. SIDA
				1. Sida acuta
				2. Sida rhombifolia
				3. Sida pusilla
		25. LECYTHIDACEAE
			BARRINGTONIA
				1. Barringtonia asiatica
				2. Barringtonia racemosa
		26. FLACOURTIACEAE
			MUNTINGIA
				*Muntingia calabura
		27. BIXACEAE
			BIXA
				*Bixa orellana
		28. TURNERACEAE
			TURNERA
				*Turnera ulmifolia
		29. PASSIFLORACEAE
			PASSIFLORA
				*Passiflora foetida
		30. CARICACEAE
			CARICA
				*Carica papaya
		31. CUCURBITACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. MOMORDICA
				Momordica charantia
			2. MUELLERARGIA
				Muellerargia timorensis
			3. ZEHNERIA
				Zehneria alba
			4. LAGENARIA
				*Lagenaria siceraria
		32. CAPPARACEAE
			CLEOME
				1. Cleome viscosa
				2. Cleome gynandra
				3. *Cleome rutidosperma
		33. BRASSICACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. LEPIDIUM
				*Lepidium virginicum
			2. CORONOPUS
				*Coronopus integrifolius
			3. PRINGLEA
				Pringlea antiscorbutica
			4. CARDAMINE
				1. *Cardamine hirsuta
				2. Cardamine corymbosa
		34. MORINGACEAE
			MORINGA
				*Moringa oleifera
		35. SAPOTACEAE
			PLANCHONELLA
				Planchonella nitida
		36. MYRSINACEAE
			ARDISIA
				Ardisia colorata
		37. PITTOSPORACEAE
			PITTOSPORUM
				Pittosporum ferrugineum
		38. CRASSULACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. BRYOPHYLLUM
				*Bryophyllum pinnatum
			2. CRASSULA
				Crassula moschata
		39. ROSACEAE
			ACAENA
				1. Acaena magellanica
				2. Acaena minor
		40. SURIANACEAE
			SURIANA
				Suriana maritima
		41. MIMOSACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. ENTADA
				Entada rheedii
			2. MIMOSA
				1. *Mimosa invisa
				2. *Mimosa pudica
			3. LEUCAENA
				*Leucaena leucocephala
			4. ACACIA
				*Acacia farnesiana
		42. CAESALPINIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. DELONIX
				*Delonix regia
			2. CAESALPINIA
				1. *Caesalpinia pulcherrima
				2. Caesalpinia bonduc
				3. Caesalpinia crista
			3. SENNA
				1. *Senna occidentalis
				2. *Senna sulfurea
			4. BAUHINIA
				1. Bauhinia binata
				2. *Bauhinia monandra
			5. CYNOMETRA
				Cynometra ramiflora
			6. TAMARINDUS
				Tamarindus indica
		43. FABACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. INOCARPUS
				Inocarpus fagifer
			2. DERRIS
				Derris elliptica
			3. PONGAMIA
				Pongamia pinnata
			4. SESBANIA
				1. *Sesbania bispinosa
				2. *Sesbania cannabina
			5. INDIGOFERA
				Indigofera hirsuta
			6. DESMODIUM
				*Desmodium triflorum
			7. ALYSICARPUS
				*Alysicarpus vaginalis
			8. ERYTHRINA
				Erythrina variegata
			9. STRONGYLODON
				Strongylodon lucidus
			10. MUCUNA
				1. Mucuna pruriens
				2. *Mucuna albertisii
			11. CANAVALIA
				1. Canavalia cathartica
				2. Canavalia rosea
			12. PACHYRHIZUS
				*Pachyrhizus erosus
			13. GALACTIA
				Galactia tenuiflora
			14. CALOPOGONIUM
				1. *Calopogonium mucunoides
				2. *Calopogonium caeruleum
			15. PUERARIA
				*Pueraria phaseoloides
			16. CENTROSEMA
				*Centrosema pubescens
			17. CLITORIA
				*Clitoria ternatea
			18. PSOPHOCARPUS
				*Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
			19. LABLAB
				*Lablab purpureus
			20. VIGNA
				1. *Vigna mungo
				2. *Vigna radiata
				3. Vigna marina
			21. MACROPTILIUM
				*Macroptilium atropurpureum
			22. PHASEOLUS
				*Phaseolus lunatus
			23. STYLOSANTHES
				*Stylosanthes humilis
			24. CROTALARIA
				1. Crotalaria pallida
				2. *Crotalaria retusa
		44. HALORAGACEAE
			MYRIOPHYLLUM
				Myriophyllum triphyllum
		45. LYTHRACEAE
			PEMPHIS
				Pemphis acidula
		46. ONAGRACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. LUDWIGIA
				*Ludwigia hyssopifolia
			2. EPILOBIUM
				1. Epilobium brunnescens
				2. Epilobium pedunculare
		47. COMBRETACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. TERMINALIA
				Terminalia catappa
			2. COMBRETUM
				Combretum acuminatum
			3. QUISQUALIS
				Quisqualis indica
		48. MYRTACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. SYZYGIUM
				Syzygium nervosum
			2. PSIDIUM
				1. *Psidium guajava
				2. *Psidium cattleianum
		49. RHIZOPHORACEAE
			1. BRUGUIERA
				1. Bruguiera gymnorhiza
				2. Bruguiera sexangula
			2. RHIZOPHORA
				Rhizophora apiculata
		50. OLACACEAE
			XIMENIA
				Ximenia americana
		51. BALANOPHORACEAE
			BALANOPHORA
				Balanophora abbreviata
		52. CELASTRACEAE
			CELASTRUS
				Celastrus paniculatus
		53. EUPHORBIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. SAUROPUS
				*Sauropus androgynus
			2. PHYLLANTHUS
				1. *Phyllanthus amarus
				2. *Phyllanthus acidus
			3. ALEURITES
				*Aleurites moluccana
			4. CROTON
				Croton caudatus
			5. MANIHOT
				1. *Manihot esculenta
				2. *Manihot glaziovii
			6. CLAOXYLON
				Claoxylon indicum
			7. ACALYPHA
				1. *Acalypha indica
				2. *Acalypha lanceolata
			8. ALCHORNEA
				Alchornea rugosa
			9. MACARANGA
				Macaranga tanarius
			10. RICINUS
				*Ricinus communis
			11. EUPHORBIA
				1. *Euphorbia heterophylla
				2. *Euphorbia cyathophora
				3. Euphorbia atoto
				4. *Euphorbia hirta
				5. *Euphorbia prostrata
				6. *Euphorbia thymifolia
		54. RHAMNACEAE
			COLUBRINA
				Colubrina pedunculata
		55. LEEACEAE
			LEEA
				Leea angulata
		56. VITACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. VITIS
				Vitis flexuosa
			2. CISSUS
				Cissus repens
			3. CAYRATIA
				1. Cayratia pedata
				2. Cayratia trifolia
				3. Cayratia japonica
		57. SAPINDACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CARDIOSPERMUM
				*Cardiospermum halicacabum
			2. DODONAEA
				Dodonaea viscosa
			3. TRISTIROPSIS
				Tristiropsis acutangula
			4. ALLOPHYLUS
				Allophylus cobbe
		58. ANACARDIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. MANGIFERA
				*Mangifera odorata
			2. SPONDIAS
				Spondias cytherea
		59. MELIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. DYSOXYLUM
				Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum
			2. MELIA
				*Melia azedarach
		60. RUTACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CITRUS
				1. *Citrus maxima
				2. *Citrus aurantifolia
				3. *Citrus microcarpa
			2. CLAUSENA
				1. *Clausena excavata
				2. *Clausena lansium
			3. MURRAYA
				1. Murraya paniculata
			4. TRIPHASIA
				Triphasia trifolia
			5. ACRONYCHIA
				Acronychia trifoliolata
		61. ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
			TRIBULUS
				Tribulus cistoides
		62. OXALIDACEAE
			OXALIS
				1. *Oxalis corniculata
				2. *Oxalis barrelieri
		63. ARALIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. SCHEFFLERA
				1. Schefflera elliptica
				2. *Schefflera actinophylla
			2. POLYSCIAS
				*Polyscias fruticosa
			3. STILBOCARPA
				Stilbocarpa polaris
		64. APIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. AZORELLA
				1. Azorella macquariensis
				2. Azorella selago
			2. HYDROCOTYLE
				Hydrocotyle novae-zeelandiae
		65. GENTIANACEAE
			ENICOSTEMA
				Enicostema axillare
		66. APOCYNACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CATHARANTHUS
				*Catharanthus roseus
			2. OCHROSIA
				Ochrosia ackeringae
			3. NEISOSPERMA
				Neisosperma oppositifolium
			4. CERBERA
				Cerbera manghas
			5. VALLARIS
				*Vallaris glabra
		67. ASCLEPIADACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			HOYA
				Hoya aldrichii
Colour Block 2
MAGNOLIOPHYTA continued
	DICOTYLEDONAE continued
		68. SOLANACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. NICOTIANA
				*Nicotiana tabacum
			2. LYCIANTHES
				Lycianthes biflora
			3. SOLANUM
				1. Solanum aff. ferox
				2. Solanum americanum
			4. LYCOPERSICON
				*Lycopersicon esculentum
			5. CAPSICUM
				*Capsicum frutescens
			6. PHYSALIS
				1. Physalis pubescens
				2. Physalis minima
			7. DATURA
				Datura metel
		69. CONVOLVULACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. PORANA
				*Porana volubilis
			2. JACQUEMONTIA
				Jacquemontia paniculata
			3. MERREMIA
				1. Merremia hederacea
				2. Merremia peltata
			4. XENOSTEGIA
				Xenostegia tridentata
			5. IPOMOEA
				1. *Ipomoea nil
				2. *Ipomoea triloba
				3. *Ipomoea batatas
				4. Ipomoea obscura
				5. *Ipomoea aquatica
				6. Ipomoea pes-caprae
				7. *Ipomoea cairica
				8. *Ipomoea hederifolia
				9. *Ipomoea quamoclit
				10. Ipomoea mauritiana
				11. Ipomoea macrantha
			6. STICTOCARDIA
				Stictocardia tiliifolia
		70. BORAGINACEAE
			1. CORDIA
				1. Cordia subcordata
				2. *Cordia curassavica
			2. CARMONA
				Carmona retusa
			3. EHRETIA
				Ehretia javanica
			4. HELIOTROPIUM
				*Heliotropium indicum
			5. ARGUSIA
				Argusia argentea
		71. VERBENACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. STACHYTARPHETA
				*Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
			2. PHYLA
				*Phyla nodiflora
			3. CALLICARPA
				Callicarpa longifolia
			4. CLERODENDRUM
				1. *Clerodendrum calamitosum
				2. Clerodendrum inerme
			5. PREMNA
				1. Premna odorata
				2. Premna lucidula
				3. Premna serratifolia
			6. VITEX
				*Vitex trifolia
		72. LAMIACEAE
			1. ANISOMELES
				Anisomeles indica
			2. LEUCAS
				1. Leucas zeylanica
				2. Leucas flaccida
			3. HYPTIS
				*Hyptis capitata
			4. OCIMUM
				*Ocimum americanum
		73. CALLITRICHACEAE
			CALLITRICHE
				Callitriche antarctica
		74. PLANTAGINACEAE
			PLANTAGO
				*Plantago major
		75. OLEACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. LIGUSTRUM
				Ligustrum glomeratum
			2. JASMINUM
				*Jasminum sambac
		76. SCROPHULARIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. LINDERNIA
			Lindernia crustacea
			2. SCOPARIA
				*Scoparia dulcis
			3. STRIGA
				Striga angustifolia
		77. ACANTHACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. RUELLIA
				Ruellia prostrata
			2. BARLERIA
				1. *Barleria cristata
				2. *Barleria lupulina
			3. ANDROGRAPHIS
				*Andrographis paniculata
			4. ASYSTASIA
				1. Asystasia alba
				2.*Asystasia gangetica
				3. *Asystasia sp.
				4. *Asystasia cf. chelonoides
			5. DICLIPTERA
				1. Dicliptera ciliata
				2. Dicliptera maclearii
			6. PERISTROPHE
				*Peristrophe bivalvis
			7. JUSTICIA
				*Justicia gendarussa
		78. BIGNONIACEAE
			TECOMA
				*Tecoma stans
		79. CAMPANULACEAE
			HIPPOBROMA
				*Hippobroma longiflora
		80. GOODENIACEAE
			SCAEVOLA
				Scaevola taccada
		81. RUBIACEAE
			KEY TO TROPICAL GENERA
			KEY TO SUBANTARCTIC GENERA
			1. OLDENLANDIA
				1. *Oldenlandia corymbosa
				2. *Oldenlandia pumila
			2. AIDIA
			Aidia aff. racemosa
			3. GUETTARDA
				Guettarda speciosa
			4. MORINDA
				Morinda citrifolia
			5. AMARACARPUS
				Amaracarpus pubescens
			6. PAEDERIA
				*Paederia foetida
			7. SPERMACOCE
				1. *Spermacoce assurgens
				2. Spermacoce mauritiana
			8. COPROSMA
				Coprosma perpusilla
			9. GALIUM
				Galium antarcticum
		82. ASTERACEAE
			KEY TO TROPICAL GENERA
			KEY TO SUBANTARCTIC GENERA
			1. SONCHUS
				*Sonchus oleraceus
			2. VERNONIA
				*Vernonia cinerea
			3. AGERATUM
				*Ageratum conyzoides
			4. MIKANIA
				*Mikania micrantha
			5. ASTER
				*Aster subulatus
			6. PLEUROPHYLLUM
				Pleurophyllum hookeri
			7. CONYZA
				*Conyza bonariensis
			8. BLUMEA
				1. Blumea lanceolaria
				2. Blumea balsamifera
			9. PLUCHEA
				*Pluchea indica
			10. ECLIPTA
				*Eclipta prostrata
			11. WEDELIA
				*Wedelia trilobata
			12. MELANTHERA
				Melanthera biflora
			13. TITHONIA
				*Tithonia diversifolia
			14. ELEUTHERANTHERA
				*Eleutheranthera ruderalis
			15. SYNEDRELLA
				*Synedrella nodiflora
			16. BIDENS
				*Bidens pilosa
			17. TRIDAX
				*Tridax procumbens
			18. ARTEMISIA
				*Artemisia vulgaris
			19. COTULA
				Cotula plumosa
			20. CRASSOCEPHALUM
				*Crassocephalum crepidioides
			21. EMILIA
				Emilia sonchifolia
				Excluded species
	MONOCOTYLEDONAE
		83. HYDROCHARITACEAE
			THALASSIA
				Thalassia hemprichii
		84. CYMODOCEACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. THALASSODENDRON
				Thalassodendron ciliatum
			2. SYRINGODIUM
				Syringodium isoetifolium
		85. ARECACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. ARENGA
				Arenga listeri
			2. COCOS
				Cocos nucifera
		86. PANDANACEAE
			PANDANUS
				1. Pandanus tectorius
				2. Pandanus christmatensis
				3. Pandanus elatus
		87. ARACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. XANTHOSOMA
				*Xanthosoma sagittifolium
			2. COLOCASIA
				*Colocasia esculenta
			3. REMUSATIA
				Remusatia vivipara
		88. COMMELINACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. COMMELINA
				*Commelina benghalensis
			2. RHOEO
				*Rhoeo spathacea
		89. JUNCACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. JUNCUS
				Juncus scheuchzerioides
			2. LUZULA
				Luzula crinita
		90. CYPERACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA ON TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL ISLANDS
			KEY TO GENERA ON SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS
			1. CYPERUS
				1. *Cyperus compressus
				2. *Cyperus rotundus
				3. Cyperus stolonifer
			2. MARISCUS
				1. Mariscus javanicus
				2. *Mariscus macrocarpus
			3. PYCREUS
				Pycreus polystachyos
			4. QUEENSLANDIELLA
				Queenslandiella hyalina
			5. KYLLINGA
				1. *Kyllinga polyphylla
				2. *Kyllinga nemoralis
			6. ISOLEPIS
				Isolepis aucklandica
			7. FIMBRISTYLIS
				Fimbristylis cymosa
			8. UNCINIA
				1. Uncinia hookeri
				2. Uncinia divaricata
			9. CAREX
				Carex trifida
		91. POACEAE
			KEY TO SUBTROPICAL GENERA
			KEY TO SUBANTARCTIC GENERA
			Subfam. POOIDEAE
				Trib. POEAE
					1. FESTUCA
						Festuca contracta
					2. PUCCINELLIA
						Puccinellia macquariensis
					3. POA
						1. Poa foliosa
						2. Poa cookii
						3. Poa litorosa
						4. Poa kerguelensis
						5. *Poa annua
				Trib. AVENEAE
					4. DESCHAMPSIA
						1. Deschampsia chapmanii
						2. Deschampsia caespitosa
						3. Deschampsia antarctica
					5. ANTHOXANTHUM
						*Anthoxanthum odoratum
					6. AGROSTIS
						Agrostis magellanica
			Subfam. ARUNDINOIDEAE
				Trib. ARUNDINEAE
					7. ARUNDO
						*Arundo donax
			Subfam. CHLORIDOIDEAE
				Trib. ERAGROSTIDEAE
					8. ERAGROSTIS
						1. Eragrostis tenella
						2. *Eragrostis pilosa
						3. Eragrostis elongata
					9. ELEUSINE
						*Eleusine indica
					10. DACTYLOCTENIUM
						*Dactyloctenium aegyptium
					11. DESMOSTACHYA
						*Desmostachya bipinnata
				Trib. SPOROBOLEAE
					12. SPOROBOLUS
						1. Sporobolus fertilis
						2. Sporobolus virginicus
				Trib. LEPTUREAE
					13. LEPTURUS
						Lepturus repens
				Trib. CYNODONTEAE
					14. CHLORIS
						*Chloris barbata
					15. LEPTUROPETIUM
						Lepturopetium sp.
					16. CYNODON
						1.*Cynodon dactylon
						2. *Cynodon arcuatus
					17. ZOYSIA
						Zoysia matrella
			Subfam. PANICOIDEAE
			Trib. PANICEAE
			18. OPLISMENUS
				Oplismenus compositus
			19. PANICUM
				1. *Panicum trichoides
				2. Panicum repens
			20. ECHINOCHLOA
				*Echinochloa colona
			21. BRACHIARIA
				1.*Brachiaria reptans
				2. *Brachiaria subquadripara
				3. *Brachiaria ramosa
				4. *Brachiaria mutica
				5. *Brachiaria brizantha
			22. ERIOCHLOA
				*Eriochloa meyeriana
			23. THUAREA
				Thuarea involuta
			24. UROCHLOA
				*Urochloa mosambicensis
			25. PASPALUM
				1. *Paspalum conjugatum
				2. Paspalum vaginatum
			26. AXONOPUS
				*Axonopus compressus
			27. SETARIA
				Setaria clivalis
			28. STENOTAPHRUM
				Stenotaphrum micranthum
			29. RHYNCHELYTRUM
				*Rhynchelytrum repens
			30. DIGITARIA
				1. Digitaria setigera
				2. Digitaria radicosa
				3. Digitaria mariannensis
				4. Digitaria ctenantha
			31. CENCHRUS
				1. *Cenchrus brownii
				2. *Cenchrus echinatus
				3. *Cenchrus ciliaris
			32. SPINIFEX
				Spinifex littoreus
			33. SACCHARUM
				*Saccharum spontaneum
			34. IMPERATA
				*Imperata cylindrica
			35. SORGHUM
				1. Sorghum propinquum
				2. *Sorghum bicolor
			36. CHRYSOPOGON
				*Chrysopogon aciculatus
			37. BOTHRIOCHLOA
				*Bothriochloa bladhii
			38. ISCHAEMUM
				1. Ischaemum muticum
				2. Ischaemum nativitatis
			39. APLUDA
				Apluda mutica
			40. ROTTBOELLIA
				Rottboellia cochinchinensis
		92. CANNACEAE
			CANNA
				*Canna indica
		93. LILIACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CRINUM
				Crinum asiaticum
			2. ZEPHYRANTHES
				*Zephyranthes rosea
		94. DIOSCOREACEAE
			DIOSCOREA
				1. Dioscorea bulbifera
				2. Dioscorea alata
		95. ORCHIDACEAE
			KEY TO GENERA
			1. CORYMBORKIS
				Corymborkis veratrifolia
			2. ZEUXINE
				Zeuxine exilis
			3. DIDYMOPLEXIS
				Didymoplexis pallens
			4. ERIA
				Eria retusa
			5. PHREATIA
				Phreatia listeri
			6. THELASIS
				Thelasis capitata
			7. DENDROBIUM
				Dendrobium crumenatum
			8. FLICKINGERIA
				Flickingeria nativitatis
			9. THRIXSPERMUM
				Thrixspermum carinatifolium
			10. BRACHYPEZA
				Brachypeza archytas
			11. TAENIOPHYLLUM
				Taeniophyllum hasseltii
			12. CORYBAS
				Corybas dienemus
PINOPHYTA
	96. CYCADACEAE
		CYCAS
			Cycas rumphii
PTERIDOPHYTA AND ALLIES
	97. LYCOPODIACEAE
		HUPERZIA
			1. Huperzia phlegmaria
			2. Huperzia australiana
	98. SELAGINELLACEAE
		SELAGINELLA
			Selaginella alutacia
	99. PSILOTACEAE
		PSILOTUM
			Psilotum nudum
	100. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
		OPHIOGLOSSUM
			1. Ophioglossum pendulum
			2. Ophioglossum reticulatum
	101. HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
		KEY TO GENERA
		1. HYMENOPHYLLUM
			Hymenophyllum falklandicum
		2. GONOCORMUS
			Gonocormus saxifragoides
	102. ADIANTACEAE
		PITYROGRAMMA
			*Pityrogramma calomelanos
	103. VITTARIACEAE
		VITTARIA
			Vittaria elongata
	104. PTERIDACEAE
		PTERIS
			1. Pteris vittata
			2. Pteris tripartita
	105. POLYPODIACEAE
		KEY TO GENERA
		1. LEPTOCHILUS
			Leptochilus decurrens
		2. MICROSORUM
			1. Microsorum punctatum
			2. Microsorum scolopendria
		3. PYRROSIA
			Pyrrosia lanceolata
	106. GRAMMITIDACEAE
		GRAMMITIS
			Grammitis poeppigiana
	107. THELYPTERIDACEAE
		KEY TO GENERA
		1. PNEUMATOPTERIS
			Pneumatopteris truncata
		2. AMPHINEURON
			*Amphineuron opulentum
	108. DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
		MICROLEPIA
			Microlepia speluncae
	109. ASPLENIACEAE
		ASPLENIUM
			1. Asplenium nidus
			2. Asplenium polyodon
			3. Asplenium listeri
	110. DRYOPTERIDACEAE
		KEY TO GENERA
		1. POLYSTICHUM
			Polystichum vestitum
		2. TECTARIA
			1. Tectaria devexa
			2. Tectaria dissecta
			3. Tectaria siifolia
		3. PTERIDRYS
			Pteridrys syrmatica
	111. LOMARIOPSIDACEAE
		BOLBITIS
			Bolbitis heteroclita
	112. DAVALLIACEAE
		BLECHNUM
			Blechnum penna-marina
		KEY TO GENERA
		1. DAVALLIA
			1. Davallia solida
			2. Davallia denticulata
		2. ARTHROPTERIS
			Arthropteris palisotii
		3. NEPHROLEPIS
			1. Nephrolepis biserrata
			2. Nephrolepis multiflora
		113. BLECHNACEAE
APPENDIX
	PANDANACEAE
		PANDANUS
	JUNCACEAE
		LUZULA
	POACEAE
		PUCCINELLIA
	ORCHIDACEAE
		CORYBAS
	ASPLENIACEAE
		ASPLENIUM
SUPPLEMENTARY GLOSSARY
	A–M
	N–V
Abbreviations and Contractions
	Literature
	Herbaria
	States, Territories
	General abbreviations
	Symbols
Publication date of previous volumes
INDEX
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	X
	Y
	Z
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