FieldWorking: Reading and Writing Research

Cover Page......Page 1
Half-Title Page......Page 3
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright Page......Page 6
Dedication Page......Page 7
About the Authors......Page 9
To the Instructor......Page 11
How Is the Fourth Edition Like Earlier Editions?......Page 12
More Digital Choices for FieldWorking......Page 13
Instructor Resources......Page 14
How Can You Use FieldWorking?......Page 15
Acknowledgments......Page 16
Understanding This Book......Page 19
Understanding FieldWorking’s Special Features......Page 20
And . . . about Us......Page 21
Contents......Page 23
Chapter 1: Stepping In and Stepping Out: Understanding Cultures......Page 31
Defining Culture: Fieldwork and Ethnography......Page 32
Stepping In: Revealing Our Subcultures......Page 34
BOX 1: Looking at Subcultures......Page 35
Investigating Perspectives: Insider and Outsider......Page 36
Body Ritual among the Nacirema, Horace Miner......Page 38
BOX 2: Making the Ordinary Extraordinary......Page 43
Folk “Cure” Sold Locally High in Lead, Lorraine Ahearn......Page 44
BOX 3: Engaging the Ethnographic Perspective......Page 48
Fairfax Residents Become U.S. Citizens, Julie O’Donoghue, Fairfax Connection......Page 49
Fieldworking with This Book......Page 52
An Ethnographic Study: “Friday Night at Iowa 80”......Page 53
Friday Night at Iowa 80: The Truck Stop as Community and Culture, Rick Zollo (Student Project)......Page 54
Doing Research Online......Page 69
FieldWriting: Establishing a Voice......Page 70
A Community Action Study......Page 73
House for the Homeless: A Place to Hang Your Hat, Ivana Nikolic (Student Project)......Page 74
Reflection as Critique......Page 81
The Research Portfolio: Definitions and Purpose......Page 82
DO THIS: Select a Fieldsite......Page 84
Chapter 2: Writing Self, Writing Cultures: Understanding FieldWriting......Page 85
Exploratory Writing......Page 87
Freewriting: Peter Elbow......Page 88
BOX 4: Exploratory Writing......Page 91
FieldWriting: Point of View and Rhetoric......Page 93
On Keeping a Notebook, Joan Didion......Page 96
BOX 5: Exploratory Notetaking with a Group......Page 102
Getting at the Details......Page 103
Look at Your Fish, Samuel H. Scudder......Page 104
BOX 6: Double-Entry Notes......Page 108
Fieldnotes: The Key to Your Project......Page 110
Organizing Your Fieldnotes......Page 113
BOX 7: Sharing Your Initial Fieldnotes......Page 115
Analyzing Your Fieldnotes......Page 116
BOX 8: Questioning Your Fieldnotes......Page 118
Feng-Shui: Reflections on a Sociology Class, Amy Lambert (Student Project)......Page 122
Double Voiced Fieldnotes......Page 123
Representing Ethnographic Experiences, H. L. “Bud” Goodall......Page 124
The Research Portfolio: Reflecting on Your Fieldnotes......Page 129
DO THIS: Question Your Notes......Page 130
Chapter 3: Reading Self, Reading Cultures: Understanding Texts......Page 131
Reading Cultures as Text and Texts as Culture......Page 132
Mama Day, Gloria Naylor......Page 133
BOX 9: Responding to Text......Page 139
Positioning: Reading and Writing about Yourself......Page 141
BOX 10: Positioning Yourself......Page 143
Understanding Positioning: Checking In on Yourself......Page 145
BOX 11: Unlearning Our Privilege (by Mimi Harvey)......Page 147
Getting Permission......Page 149
BOX 12: From Ethos to Ethics (by Julie Cheville)......Page 152
Reading an Object: The Cultural Artifact......Page 154
BOX 13: Reading an Artifact (by Beth Campbell)......Page 156
Everyday Use, Alice Walker......Page 159
Responding to Reading......Page 166
BOX 14: Fieldworking Book Clubs (by Kathleen Ryan)......Page 167
FieldWriting: Published and Unpublished Written Sources......Page 170
Reading Electronic Communities......Page 171
Out Patients, Elise Wu (Student Project)......Page 173
Working with Online Communities......Page 185
BOX 15: Locating Online Cultures......Page 188
The Research Portfolio: An Option for Rereading......Page 191
DO THIS: Read Your Fieldsite......Page 193
Chapter 4: Researching Place: The Spatial Gaze......Page 195
Personal Geography......Page 196
On Seeing England for the First Time, Jamaica Kincaid......Page 197
BOX 16: Recalling a Sense of Place......Page 198
Selective Perception......Page 200
FieldWriting: The Grammar of Observation......Page 202
BOX 17: Writing a Verbal Snapshot......Page 205
The Cemetery as Marketplace in Salem, Massachusetts, Jeannie Banks Thomas......Page 209
Learning How to Look: Mapping Space......Page 216
BOX 18: Mapping Space......Page 217
Learning How to Look: Finding a Focal Point......Page 222
BOX 19: Finding a Focal Point......Page 223
Learning How to Look: Identifying Unity and Tension......Page 224
Strike a Pose, Karen Downing (Student Project)......Page 225
Learning How to Look: Colonized Spaces......Page 227
The Happy Canyon, Jennifer Hemmingsen (Student Project)......Page 228
The Research Portfolio: Learning from Your Data......Page 234
A Pose on “Strike a Pose,” Karen Downing (Portfolio Reflection)......Page 245
DO THIS: Map Your Space......Page 247
Chapter 5: Researching People: The Collaborative Listener......Page 249
The Interview: Learning How to Ask......Page 250
BOX 20: Using a Cultural Artifact in an Interview......Page 252
Learning How to Listen......Page 255
BOX 21: Establishing Rapport......Page 259
Recording and Transcribing......Page 260
Ralph’s Sports Bar, Cindie Marshall (Student Project)......Page 264
BOX 22: Analyzing Your Interviewing Skills......Page 272
The Informant’s Perspective: An Anthropologist on Mars......Page 274
An Anthropologist on Mars, Oliver Sacks......Page 275
Gathering Family Stories......Page 279
BOX 23: Writing a Family Story......Page 280
One Family Story: The Core and Its Variants......Page 282
Gathering Oral Histories......Page 285
Taking Care, Nancy Hauserman......Page 287
Listening Is an Act of Love, Dave Isay......Page 290
I Can Read, I Can Write, Jennette Edwards (Online Only)......Page 26
BOX 24: Starting an Oral History......Page 291
FieldWriting: Using Character, Setting, and Theme to Create a Portrait......Page 294
BOX 25: Writing a Verbal Portrait (by Jennifer S. Cook)......Page 296
The Research Portfolio: Reflective Documentation......Page 298
DO THIS: Reflect on Researching People......Page 300
Chapter 6: Researching Language: The Cultural Translator......Page 301
Linking Body Language and Culture......Page 302
BOX 26: Observing Body Language (by Amie Ohlmenn)......Page 304
Cheek, Lafcadio Hearn......Page 306
BOX 27: Listening for Words: Creating a Glossary......Page 309
Using Insider Language in Your Writing......Page 311
Words as Cultural Artifacts......Page 312
Researching Occupation: Recording Insider Language......Page 320
BOX 28: Describing Occupational Terms......Page 321
Verbal Performance: Curses......Page 323
BOX 29: Gathering Verbal Performances: Proverbs, Jokes, and Sayings......Page 325
Being a Cultural Translator......Page 327
A Language Journey, Ofelia Zepeda......Page 328
FieldWriting: Dialogue on the Page......Page 335
The Research Portfolio: Synthesis......Page 337
DO THIS: Translate Culture......Page 340
Chapter 7 Researching Archives: Locating Culture......Page 341
Everything, Perfectly, Forever, A. Kendra Greene (Student Project)......Page 344
Family Archives......Page 347
Slaves in the Family, Edward Ball......Page 350
BOX 30: A Box about Boxes......Page 354
Historical Archives......Page 355
University Archives......Page 357
Museum Archives......Page 358
BOX 31: Sorting through Public Archives......Page 360
The Attic and Its Nails, Naomi Shihab Nye (Poem)......Page 362
Organizing Archival Material......Page 363
Alternative Archives......Page 365
On Dumpster Diving, Lars Eighner......Page 366
BOX 32: Alternative Archives (by Deidre Hall)......Page 371
Electronic Archives: Using the Internet......Page 373
FieldWriting: Annotated Bibliographies......Page 375
The Research Portfolio: Representing the Unflat Stuff......Page 377
DO THIS: Search the FieldWorking Archives......Page 379
Chapter 8: FieldWriting: From Down Draft to Up Draft......Page 381
Drafting Drafts......Page 383
Shitty First Drafts, Anne Lamott......Page 384
Questioning Your Draft......Page 388
Thickening Your Draft......Page 391
BOX 33: Listening to the Voices in Your Draft (by David Seitz)......Page 397
Representing Culture in Your Fieldwriting......Page 399
Disability Is Beautiful, William Harvey Purcell......Page 401
FieldWriting: Analytic Section Headings......Page 409
Some Notes on Revision, Donald M. Murray......Page 411
BOX 34: Sharing Data: Partners in Revision......Page 413
The Research Portfolio: One-Page Analysis and Annotated Table of Contents......Page 415
A Final Comment: Paying Attention to Writing......Page 418
DO THIS: Smooth Your Final Draft......Page 420
Appendix A: MLA Documentation Guidelines......Page 421
Appendix B: APA Documentation Guidelines......Page 431
Appendix C: Works Cited and Recommended Readings......Page 439
Glossary......Page 445
Credits......Page 449
Index......Page 451