False twist textured yarns: Principles, processing and applications

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles......Page 10
Preface......Page 18
1.1 Artificial silk: an early history......Page 20
1.2 The arrival of melt spinning......Page 22
1.3 The melt spinning process......Page 23
1.4 Achieving desirable fabric properties 
through texturing......Page 29
1.5 References......Page 32
2.1 The concept of false twist texturing......Page 33
2.2 The false twist mechanism......Page 38
2.3 Twist application methods......Page 40
2.4 References......Page 46
3.1 The evolution of yarn texturing machines......Page 47
3.2 Yarn heating and residence time in the primary texturing zone......Page 49
3.3 Vapour phase heaters......Page 50
3.4 High-temperature (HT) heaters......Page 52
3.6 Comparison summary of heater types......Page 58
3.7 Yarn cooling in the texturing zone......Page 60
3.8 Secondary heaters......Page 65
3.9 Machine profiles......Page 66
3.10 References......Page 76
4.1 Friction disc twisting......Page 78
4.2 Friction disc materials......Page 83
4.3 Influence of friction disc twisting parameters on texturing performance......Page 91
4.4 Friction disc systems advances......Page 93
4.5 Belt twisting......Page 96
4.6 Improving yarn elasticity by torque generation 
(self twist)......Page 100
4.7 References......Page 104
5.1 Friction and surface texture of yarn contact surfaces......Page 105
5.2 Process instability: tension transients and speed limitations due to ‘surging’......Page 109
5.3 Creel design and management......Page 117
5.4 Package build specifications......Page 122
5.5 Oil application systems......Page 127
5.6 Automatic doffing systems......Page 129
5.7 References......Page 132
6.1 Factors affecting machine design......Page 134
6.2 Examples of new designs......Page 137
6.3 References......Page 142
7.1 The concept of air jet intermingling......Page 143
7.2 The intermingling process......Page 144
7.3 Downstream process issues......Page 152
7.4 References......Page 153
8.1 Influence of texturing parameters on yarn characteristics and performance......Page 154
8.2 Single-position to plant-scale operation......Page 160
8.3 Resolving process quality issues......Page 166
9.2 Machine variants for draw textured speciality yarns......Page 171
9.3 References......Page 174
10.1 In-process controls......Page 175
10.3 Laboratory controls......Page 178
10.4 Final product inspection and packing......Page 182
10.6 References......Page 184
11.1 Factors affecting costs......Page 186
11.2 Opportunities for yarn texturing outside low labour-cost countries......Page 189
11.3 Reference......Page 190
12.1 Property benefits of textured yarns......Page 191
12.2 Nylon......Page 193
12.3 Polyester......Page 198
12.4 Polypropylene......Page 208
12.5 References......Page 209
13.1 Global production trends......Page 210
13.2 Machine development......Page 212
13.3 Process integration......Page 213
13.4 Raw material yarns......Page 214
13.5 References......Page 215
Index......Page 216