Exploring MathCQA with a Math-aware Search Engine

List of Figures
List of Tables
Introduction: from MathIR to MathCQA
Background
	Mathematical Information Retrieval (MathIR)
		Formula Representations
		Retrieval Models
		Effectiveness Measures
	The NTCIR MathIR benchmark
	Math Community Question Answering (MathCQA)
	The ARQMath Lab Series
		Dataset: The MSE Collection and Formula Files
		Task 1: The MathCQA Task
		Task 2: In-Context Formula Retrieval
	Math-aware Search Engines at ARQMath-2
		TF-IDF and Tangent-S
		Approach0
		XY-PHOC-DPRL
		MIRMU and MSM
		DPRL
		TU_DBS
		NLP_NITS
		PSU
Tangent-L: the Math-aware Search Engine
	The Vanilla Version
		From Formulas to Math Tokens
		Single Retrieval Model with BM25+ Ranking
	Incorporating Repeated Symbols
		From Repeated Symbols to Repetition Tokens
		Revised Ranking Formula
	Formula Normalization
		Five Classes of Semantic Matches
		Limitation
	Holistic Formula Search
		Formula Retrieval with a Formula Corpus
		Retrieval with Holistic Formulas
Addressing the MathCQA Task
	Query Conversion: Creating Search Queries from Math Questions
		Basic Formula Extraction
		Keyword Extraction with ``Mathy'' Words
	Math-aware Retrieval: Searching Indexed Corpus for Best Matches
		Different Forms of Retrievals
		Parameter Tuning for Tangent-L
		Creating Indexing Units
		Data Cleansing for Formula Files
	Answer Ranking: Finalizing the Ranked Answers
		Incorporating CQA Metadata
		Ranking by Proximity
	Experimental Runs for Best Configuration
		Setup for Evaluation
		Comparing Generated Search Queries
		Comparing Corpora
		Core Tangent-L: Fine Tuning ,  and Formula Normalization
		Core Tangent-L: Fine Tuning  for Individual Queries
		Tangent-L Variant: Exploring Holistic Formula Search
		Validating Proximity
		Validating CQA Metadata
	MathDowsers' Submission Runs and Results
		Submissions Overview
		Strengths and Weaknesses
Addressing In-context Formula Retrieval
	Formula-centric: Selecting Visually Matching Formulas
	Document-centric: Screening Formulas from Matched Documents
	MathDowsers' Submission Runs and Results
User Interface for Data Exploration
	The MathDowsers' Browser
	Highlighting of Matching Terms
Conclusion and Future Work
References
APPENDICES
The ARQMath Lab Official Results
	The MathCQA Task in ARQMath-1
	The MathCQA Task in ARQMath-2
	In-Context Formula Retrieval in ARQMath-1
		Official Result in ARQMath-1
		Official Result in ARQMath-1  and Re-evaluation during ARQMath-2
	In-Context Formula Retrieval in ARQMath-2
The ARQMath Lab Resources
	Manually-selected Keywords and Formulas for ARQMath-1 Topics
Word Lists for Search Queries
	Top-50 Most Common Words from the MSE Tags
	Top-50 Most Common Words from NTCIR MathIR Wikipedia Articles Titles
Optimal  values for Individual Topics of Different Dependencies
Conclusions from MathDowsers' Working Notes in the MathCQA Task
	ARQMath-1 Submission Runs
	ARQMath-2 Submission Runs
Machine Specifications and Efficiency
	Machines used for the ARQMath-1 system
	Machines used for the ARQMath-2 system
User Interface of the MathDowsers' Browser
	The ARQMath Question Panel
	The Answers Panel.
	Interface for inputting a custom answer ranking
	Displaying human relevance judgments