Exploring animal science

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 9
Preface......Page 21
About the Author......Page 27
Acknowledgments......Page 29
Design Image Credits......Page 31
1 Overview of the Animal Science Industry......Page 32
CHAPTER 1 The Animal Science Industry......Page 34
Animal Science......Page 36
The Animal Science Industry......Page 41
Domestication of Animals......Page 42
Classification of Animals......Page 50
Uses of Animals......Page 52
Trends in Animal Agriculture......Page 58
Animal Welfare and Animal Rights......Page 60
Government Regulation......Page 62
Quick Facts......Page 64
Student Learning Activities......Page 65
Review Questions......Page 66
CHAPTER 2 Career Opportunities in Animal Science......Page 68
Employment in Animal Science......Page 70
Employment Trends in Animal Science......Page 71
Education in Animal Science......Page 74
Employment Opportunities in Animal Science......Page 76
Choosing an Occupation......Page 84
Summary......Page 85
Quick Facts......Page 86
Student Learning Activities......Page 87
Review Questions......Page 88
CHAPTER 3 Safety and Biosecurity......Page 90
Risk Factors in Agricultural Occupations......Page 92
Hazards of Animal Diseases......Page 97
Personal Protective Equipment......Page 100
Biosecurity......Page 101
Summary......Page 103
Quick Facts......Page 104
Review Questions......Page 105
CHAPTER 4 Animal Science and the Environment......Page 108
Protecting the Environment......Page 110
Other Environmental Concerns......Page 118
Environmental Regulations......Page 120
Summary......Page 121
Student Learning Activities......Page 122
Review Questions......Page 123
2 Anatomy, Physiology, Feeding, and Nutrition......Page 126
CHAPTER 5 Anatomy and Physiology......Page 128
Anatomy and Physiology......Page 130
Cells, Tissues, and Organs......Page 131
Systems of the Body......Page 132
Summary......Page 154
Quick Facts......Page 155
Review Questions......Page 157
CHAPTER 6 Animal Nutrition and Feeding......Page 160
Differences in Animal Nutrition......Page 162
Nutrients and Sources......Page 163
Feed Additives......Page 169
Classification of Feeds......Page 171
Ration Characteristics......Page 173
Ration Functions......Page 174
Feed Tags......Page 175
Summary......Page 176
Quick Facts......Page 177
Review Questions......Page 179
3 Animal Reproduction......Page 182
CHAPTER 7 Genetics and Animal Reproduction......Page 184
Animal Genetics......Page 186
The Cell and Cell Division......Page 187
The Coding of Genetic Information......Page 191
Summary......Page 197
Quick Facts......Page 198
Review Questions......Page 199
CHAPTER 8 Biotechnology in Animal Science......Page 202
Biotechnology......Page 204
Applications of Biotechnology......Page 206
Summary......Page 213
Quick Facts......Page 214
Discussion Questions......Page 215
Review Questions......Page 216
CHAPTER 9 Animal Breeding Systems......Page 218
Breeding Systems......Page 220
Straightbreeding Systems......Page 221
Crossbreeding Systems......Page 227
Summary......Page 229
Quick Facts......Page 230
Student Learning Activities......Page 231
Review Questions......Page 232
4 Beef Cattle......Page 234
CHAPTER 10 Beef Cattle Production......Page 236
Overview of the Beef Industry......Page 238
Beef Cattle Production Operations......Page 243
Introduction to Breeds of Beef......Page 246
Characteristics of the Breeds......Page 250
Summary......Page 265
Student Learning Activities......Page 266
Review Questions......Page 267
CHAPTER 11 Beef Cattle Management......Page 270
Feeding Beef Cattle......Page 272
Breeding Beef Cattle......Page 277
Herd Health Plan......Page 280
External Parasites......Page 287
Facilities and Equipment......Page 290
Summary......Page 293
Quick Facts......Page 294
Student Learning Activities......Page 295
Review Questions......Page 296
CHAPTER 12 Selecting and Judging Beef Cattle......Page 298
Selection of Beef Animals......Page 300
Judging Beef Animals......Page 308
Quick Facts......Page 317
In Perspective......Page 318
Student Learning Activities......Page 319
Review Questions......Page 320
CHAPTER 13 Fitting and Showing Beef Cattle......Page 322
Training a Beef Calf for Show......Page 324
Preparations for the Show......Page 328
Preparing for a Show......Page 330
Showing Beef Cattle......Page 333
Quick Facts......Page 336
Review Questions......Page 337
5 Swine......Page 340
CHAPTER 14 Introduction to Swine Production......Page 342
Overview of the Swine Industry......Page 344
Trends in the Swine Industry......Page 346
Types of Swine Production......Page 349
Housing Systems......Page 353
Swine Breeds......Page 354
Summary......Page 363
Quick Facts......Page 364
Student Learning Activities......Page 365
Review Questions......Page 366
CHAPTER 15 Management of Swine......Page 368
Breeding and Farrowing Management......Page 370
Management from Weaning to Market......Page 375
Feeding Swine......Page 376
Swine Housing and Equipment......Page 381
Diseases and Parasites......Page 385
Marketing......Page 389
Summary......Page 392
Quick Facts......Page 394
Discussion Questions......Page 395
Review Questions......Page 396
CHAPTER 16 Selecting and Judging Swine......Page 398
Selection of Breeding Stock......Page 400
Judging Swine......Page 406
Summary......Page 410
Student Learning Activities......Page 411
Review Questions......Page 412
CHAPTER 17 Fitting and Showing Swine......Page 414
Introduction......Page 416
Facilities for Show Pigs......Page 417
Selection of Show Pigs......Page 418
Nutrition......Page 420
Training......Page 422
Show Preparation......Page 424
Documentation for Shows......Page 430
Show Day......Page 431
Summary......Page 435
Quick Facts......Page 436
Review Questions......Page 437
6 Sheep and Goats......Page 440
CHAPTER 18 Introduction to Sheep and Goat Production......Page 442
Overview of the Sheep Industry......Page 444
Breeds of Sheep......Page 448
Introduction to Breeds of Goats......Page 457
Summary......Page 465
Quick Facts......Page 466
Review Questions......Page 467
CHAPTER 19 Management of Sheep and Goats......Page 470
Feeding and Nutrition......Page 472
Breeding......Page 476
Diseases......Page 480
Nutritional Health Problems......Page 487
Facilities and Equipment......Page 488
Predator Loss......Page 490
Marketing......Page 491
Quick Facts......Page 492
Review Questions......Page 493
CHAPTER 20 Fitting and Showing Sheep and Goats......Page 496
Sheep and Goat Projects......Page 498
Types of Shows......Page 504
Nutrition for Show Animals......Page 505
Breaking and Training......Page 506
Animal Care for the Show......Page 509
Show Preparation......Page 513
Show Day......Page 515
In the Ring......Page 517
Summary......Page 521
In Perspective......Page 523
Quick Facts......Page 524
Review Questions......Page 525
7 Horses......Page 528
CHAPTER 21 Introduction to Horses......Page 530
Horses and Ponies in the United States......Page 532
Breeds of Ponies......Page 535
Breeds of Light Horses......Page 538
Draft Horses......Page 544
Selection of Horses......Page 547
Summary......Page 553
Quick Facts......Page 554
Review Questions......Page 555
CHAPTER 22 Management of Horses......Page 558
Feeding......Page 560
Breeding......Page 564
Controlling Diseases and Pests......Page 566
External Parasites......Page 571
Internal Parasites......Page 572
Shelter......Page 574
Riding Equipment......Page 577
Fences......Page 579
Summary......Page 580
Student Learning Activities......Page 581
Review Questions......Page 582
CHAPTER 23 Training and Horsemanship......Page 584
Understanding Horse Behavior......Page 586
Training a Horse......Page 588
Forms of Riding......Page 593
Quick Facts......Page 598
Review Questions......Page 599
8 Poultry......Page 602
CHAPTER 24 Introduction to Poultry Production......Page 604
The Poultry Industry......Page 606
Commercial Poultry Production......Page 608
Classification and Uses of Poultry......Page 609
Trends in Production and Consumption......Page 615
Sources of Chicken and Other Poultry......Page 616
Summary......Page 617
Quick Facts......Page 618
Review Questions......Page 619
CHAPTER 25 Management of Poultry......Page 622
Feeding Poultry......Page 624
Managing Poultry......Page 626
Molting......Page 628
Diseases......Page 629
External Parasites......Page 631
Backyard Poultry......Page 632
Summary......Page 634
Student Learning Activities......Page 635
Review Questions......Page 636
CHAPTER 26 Poultry and Egg Quality......Page 638
Trends in Poultry and Egg Consumption......Page 640
Marketing Poultry......Page 641
Consumer Concerns about Poultry......Page 643
Grades of Ready-to-Cook Poultry......Page 644
Eggs......Page 645
Classes, Grades, and Egg Quality......Page 646
Summary......Page 650
Student Learning Activities......Page 651
Review Questions......Page 652
9 Dairy Cattle......Page 654
CHAPTER 27 Introduction to Dairy Cattle......Page 656
Introduction to the Dairy Industry......Page 658
Characteristics of the Dairy Industry......Page 659
The Science of Milk Production......Page 661
History of Milk Marketing......Page 662
Characteristics of Milk......Page 664
The Purebred Dairy Cattle Association......Page 670
Summary......Page 677
Quick Facts......Page 678
Review Questions......Page 679
CHAPTER 28 Management of Dairy Cattle......Page 682
Introduction to Dairy Management......Page 684
Management Records......Page 685
Housing......Page 686
Breeding......Page 688
Feeding......Page 691
Body Condition Score......Page 694
Milking Management......Page 695
Manure Management......Page 698
Dairy Herd Health......Page 699
Milk Processing......Page 701
Summary......Page 704
Quick Facts......Page 705
Review Questions......Page 706
CHAPTER 29 Selecting and Judging Dairy Cattle......Page 708
Selection......Page 710
PDCA Score Card......Page 711
Quick Facts......Page 720
Review Questions......Page 721
CHAPTER 30 Fitting and Showing Dairy Cattle......Page 724
Introduction......Page 726
Preparation for the Show......Page 730
Showing Dairy Cattle......Page 733
Summary......Page 735
Student Learning Activities......Page 736
Review Questions......Page 737
10 Companion Animals......Page 740
CHAPTER 31 Introduction to Companion Animals......Page 742
What is a Companion Animal?......Page 744
Types of Companion Animals......Page 745
Responsibility of Owning a Companion Animal......Page 753
Health Concerns with Companion Animals......Page 754
Breeding Companion Animals......Page 757
Pet Identification......Page 758
Animal Shelters......Page 759
Laws Against Animal Cruelty......Page 760
Summary......Page 761
Quick Facts......Page 762
Discussion Questions......Page 763
Review Questions......Page 764
CHAPTER 32 Dogs......Page 766
Evolution of Dogs......Page 768
Canine Anatomy and Physiology......Page 769
Canine Care......Page 770
Training......Page 773
Veterinary Care......Page 775
Canine Reproduction......Page 778
Where to Find a Dog......Page 780
Classifying Dogs......Page 781
Specialized Canines......Page 788
Canine Law......Page 789
Quick Facts......Page 790
Discussion Questions......Page 791
Review Questions......Page 792
CHAPTER 33 Cats......Page 794
Evolution of Cats......Page 796
Classifying Cats......Page 797
Feline Anatomy......Page 799
Feline Behavior......Page 802
Feline Reproduction......Page 805
Feline Health and Care......Page 806
Feline Training and Toys......Page 810
Summary......Page 811
Quick Facts......Page 812
Review Questions......Page 813
11 Exotic Animals......Page 816
CHAPTER 34 Rabbit Production......Page 818
Rabbits in the United States......Page 820
Rabbit Production......Page 821
Breeds......Page 823
Feeding and Nutrition......Page 826
Breeding......Page 828
Handling Rabbits......Page 829
Maintaining Rabbit Health......Page 830
Facilities and Equipment......Page 832
Marketing Rabbits......Page 834
Quick Facts......Page 835
Review Questions......Page 837
CHAPTER 35 Large Game Animals......Page 840
Introduction to Large Game Animals......Page 842
Summary......Page 852
Student Learning Activities......Page 853
Review Questions......Page 854
CHAPTER 36 Ratites......Page 856
Ratites......Page 858
Types of Ratites......Page 860
Ratite Feeding......Page 863
Summary......Page 864
Discussion Questions......Page 865
Review Questions......Page 866
CHAPTER 37 Game Birds......Page 868
Game Birds......Page 870
Raising Game Birds......Page 874
Summary......Page 878
Student Learning Activities......Page 879
Review Questions......Page 880
CHAPTER 38 Llamas and Alpacas......Page 882
Llamas and Alpacas......Page 884
Summary......Page 890
Student Learning Activities......Page 891
Review Questions......Page 892
Glossary......Page 895
Index......Page 907