EXCEL 2019 FOR HEALTH SERVICES MANAGEMENT STATISTICS : a guide to solving problems.

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Chapter 1: Sample Size, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Standard Error of the Mean
	1.1 Mean
	1.2 Standard Deviation
	1.3 Standard Error of the Mean
	1.4 Sample Size, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Standard Error of the Mean
		1.4.1 Using the Fill/Series/Columns Commands
		1.4.2 Changing the Width of a Column
		1.4.3 Centering Information in a Range of Cells
		1.4.4 Naming a Range of Cells
		1.4.5 Finding the Sample Size Using the =COUNT Function
		1.4.6 Finding the Mean Score Using the =AVERAGE Function
		1.4.7 Finding the Standard Deviation Using the =STDEV Function
		1.4.8 Finding the Standard Error of the Mean
			1.4.8.1 Formatting Numbers in Number Format (Two Decimal Places)
	1.5 Saving a Spreadsheet
	1.6 Printing a Spreadsheet
	1.7 Formatting Numbers in Currency Format (Two Decimal Places)
	1.8 Formatting Numbers in Number Format (Three Decimal Places)
	1.9 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 2: Random Number Generator
	2.1 Creating Frame Numbers for Generating Random Numbers
	2.2 Creating Random Numbers in an Excel Worksheet
	2.3 Sorting Frame Numbers into a Random Sequence
	2.4 Printing an Excel File So That All of the Information Fits onto One Page
	2.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
Chapter 3: Confidence Interval About the Mean Using the TINV Function and Hypothesis Testing
	3.1 Confidence Interval About the Mean
		3.1.1 How to Estimate the Population Mean
		3.1.2 Estimating the Lower Limit and the Upper Limit of the 95% Confidence Interval About the Mean
		3.1.3 Estimating the Confidence Interval for the Number of Outpatient Visits to a Clinic
		3.1.4 Where Did the Number ``1.96´´ Come From?
		3.1.5 Finding the Value for t in the Confidence Interval Formula
		3.1.6 Using Excel´s TINV Function to Find the Confidence Interval About the Mean
		3.1.7 Using Excel to Find the 95% Confidence Interval for a Clinic´s Outpatient Visits
	3.2 Hypothesis Testing
		3.2.1 Hypotheses Always Refer to the Population That You Are Studying
		3.2.2 The Null Hypothesis and the Research (Alternative) Hypothesis
			3.2.2.1 Determining the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis When Rating Scales Are Used
		3.2.3 The Seven Steps for Hypothesis Testing Using the Confidence Interval About the Mean
			3.2.3.1 STEP 1: State the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis
			3.2.3.2 STEP 2: Select the Appropriate Statistical Test
			3.2.3.3 STEP 3: Calculate the Formula for the Statistical Test
			3.2.3.4 STEP 4: Draw a Picture of the Confidence Interval About the Mean, Including the Mean, the Lower Limit of the Interval,...
			3.2.3.5 STEP 5: Decide on a Decision Rule
			3.2.3.6 STEP 6: State the Result of Your Statistical Test
			3.2.3.7 STEP 7: State the Conclusion of Your Statistical Test in Plain English!
	3.3 Alternative Ways to Summarize the Result of a Hypothesis Test
		3.3.1 Different Ways to Accept the Null Hypothesis
		3.3.2 Different Ways to Reject the Null Hypothesis
	3.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 4: One-Group t-Test for the Mean
	4.1 The Seven STEPS for Hypothesis Testing Using the One-Group t-Test
		4.1.1 STEP 1: State the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis
		4.1.2 STEP 2: Select the Appropriate Statistical Test
		4.1.3 STEP 3: Decide on a Decision Rule for the One-Group t-Test
			4.1.3.1 Finding the Absolute Value of a Number
		4.1.4 STEP 4: Calculate the Formula for the One-Group t-Test
		4.1.5 STEP 5: Find the Critical Value of t in the t-Table in Appendix E
		4.1.6 STEP 6: State the Result of Your Statistical Test
		4.1.7 STEP 7: State the Conclusion of Your Statistical Test in Plain English!
	4.2 One-Group t-Test for the Mean
	4.3 Can You Use Either the 95% Confidence Interval About the Mean OR the One-Group t-Test When Testing Hypotheses?
	4.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 5: Two-Group t-Test of the Difference of the Means for Independent Groups
	5.1 The Nine STEPS for Hypothesis Testing Using the Two-Group t-Test
		5.1.1 STEP 1: Name One Group, Group 1, and the Other Group, Group 2
		5.1.2 STEP 2: Create a Table That Summarizes the Sample Size, Mean Score, and Standard Deviation of Each Group
		5.1.3 STEP 3: State the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis for the Two-Group t-Test
		5.1.4 STEP 4: Select the Appropriate Statistical Test
		5.1.5 STEP 5: Decide on a Decision Rule for the Two-Group t-Test
		5.1.6 STEP 6: Calculate the Formula for the Two-Group t-Test
		5.1.7 STEP 7: Find the Critical Value of t in the t-Table in Appendix E
			5.1.7.1 Find the Degrees of Freedom (df) for the Two-Group t-Test
		5.1.8 STEP 8: State the Result of Your Statistical Test
		5.1.9 STEP 9: State the Conclusion of Your Statistical Test in Plain English!
			5.1.9.1 Writing the Conclusion of the Two-Group t-Test When You Accept the Null Hypothesis
			5.1.9.2 Writing the Conclusion of the Two-Group t-Test When You Reject the Null Hypothesis and Accept the Research Hypothesis
	5.2 Formula #1: Both Groups Have a Sample Size Greater Than 30
		5.2.1 An Example of Formula #1 for the Two-Group t-Test
	5.3 Formula #2: One or Both Groups Have a Sample Size Less Than 30
	5.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 6: Correlation and Simple Linear Regression
	6.1 What Is a ``Correlation?´´
		6.1.1 Understanding the Formula for Computing a Correlation
		6.1.2 Understanding the Nine Steps for Computing a Correlation, r
	6.2 Using Excel to Compute a Correlation Between Two Variables
	6.3 Creating a Chart and Drawing the Regression Line onto the Chart
		6.3.1 Using Excel to Create a Chart and the Regression Line Through the Data Points
			6.3.1.1 Drawing the Regression Line Through the Data Points in the Chart
			6.3.1.2 Moving the Chart Below the Table in the Spreadsheet
			6.3.1.3 Making the Chart ``Longer´´ So That It Is ``Taller´´
			6.3.1.4 Making the Chart ``Wider´´
	6.4 Printing a Spreadsheet So That the Table and Chart Fit onto One Page
	6.5 Finding the Regression Equation
		6.5.1 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel
			6.5.1.1 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel 2019
			6.5.1.2 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel 2016
			6.5.1.3 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel 2013
		6.5.2 Using Excel to Find the SUMMARY OUTPUT of Regression
			6.5.2.1 Finding the y-Intercept, a, of the Regression Line
			6.5.2.2 Finding the Slope, b, of the Regression Line
		6.5.3 Finding the Equation for the Regression Line
		6.5.4 Using the Regression Line to Predict the y-Value for a Given x-Value
	6.6 Adding the Regression Equation to the Chart
	6.7 How to Recognize Negative Correlations in the SUMMARY OUTPUT Table
	6.8 Printing Only Part of a Spreadsheet Instead of the Entire Spreadsheet
		6.8.1 Printing Only the Table and the Chart on a Separate Page
		6.8.2 Printing Only the Chart on a Separate Page
		6.8.3 Printing Only the SUMMARY OUTPUT of the Regression Analysis on a Separate Page
	6.9 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 7: Multiple Correlation and Multiple Regression
	7.1 Multiple Regression Equation
	7.2 Finding the Multiple Correlation and the Multiple Regression Equation
	7.3 Using the Regression Equation to Predict FIRST-YEAR GPA
	7.4 Using Excel to Create a Correlation Matrix in Multiple Regression
	7.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Chapter 8: One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
	8.1 Using Excel to Perform a One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
	8.2 How to Interpret the ANOVA Table Correctly
	8.3 Using the Decision Rule for the ANOVA F-Test
	8.4 Testing for the Difference Between Two Groups Using the ANOVA t-Test
		8.4.1 Comparing Clinic A vs. Clinic C in Time Required to Conduct an Initial Visit Using the ANOVA t-Test
			8.4.1.1 Finding the Degrees of Freedom for the ANOVA t-Test
			8.4.1.2 Stating the Decision Rule for the ANOVA t-Test
			8.4.1.3 Performing an ANOVA t-Test Using Excel Commands
	8.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	References
Appendices
	Appendix A: Answers to End-of-Chapter Practice Problems
	Chapter 8: Practice Problem #2 (continued)
	Appendix B: Practice Test
	Appendix C: Answers to Practice Test
	Practice Test Answer: Chapter 8 (continued)
	Appendix D: Statistical Formulas
	Appendix E: t-Table
Index