Evaluating a Decade of World Bank Gender Policy: 1990-1999

Contents......Page 5
Acknowledgments......Page 9
Foreword......Page 11
Executive Summary......Page 13
Acronyms and Abbreviations......Page 19
Glossary......Page 21
1 Introduction......Page 23
1.1: The Gender Policy of the Bank......Page 24
2 Evaluating the Bank’s Gender Policy......Page 27
2.1: Gender Works: Oxfam Experience in Policy and Practice......Page 28
Selecting Countries......Page 30
2.1: Relative Position of Evaluation Countries in Terms of GDP and U.N. Gender Development Index (GDI)......Page 32
Evaluation Methods......Page 33
Is the Bank’s Gender Policy Relevant for Poverty Reduction?......Page 35
Is the Bank Gender Policy Consistent with the Policies of Other Multilateral and Bilateral Development Agencies?......Page 36
Is the Bank’s Gender Policy Relevant for Countries?......Page 38
3.1: Comprehensive Development Framework......Page 39
How Well Does Analytical Work Integrate Gender?......Page 43
How Well Does the Bank Integrate Gender into Country Assistance Strategies?......Page 46
How Does the Bank Integrate Gender into Projects?......Page 47
Progress in Integrating Gender into Bank Assistance......Page 51
Institutionalizing the Gender Policy......Page 55
Operationalizing the Gender Policy......Page 59
Conclusion......Page 62
Increased Human Capital......Page 63
6.1 How Did Bank Assistance Increase Women’s Human Capital?......Page 64
6.3: Sustainable Achievements in Education in Zambia......Page 66
Sustainability of Results in Health and Education......Page 68
Greater Access to Economic Opportunities......Page 69
Microcredit: Greater Access to Credit Facilities......Page 72
6.5: Microfinance Projects and Gender Relations......Page 73
Institutional Strengthening......Page 74
Greater Availability of Gender-Disaggregated Data......Page 76
7 Conclusions......Page 79
7.1 How Did Bank Assistance Impact Country-Level Development Effectiveness?......Page 80
7.2: Implementing Agencies Can Save the Situation......Page 82
Operationalizing the Gender Policy......Page 83
A: Operational Policy 4.20: Gender and Development......Page 85
B: Socioeconomic Indicators Used for Phase II Evaluation......Page 87
C: Projects Reviewed for Phase II Evaluation......Page 91
D: Results of Staff Survey......Page 97
E: National WID Policies and Action Plans in 12 Countries......Page 99
F: Gender and Adjustment in 10 Countries......Page 103
G: Analytical Work 1990–2000......Page 107
H: Adjustment Loans Reviewed......Page 113
Endnotes......Page 115
Bibliography......Page 119
1.2: Current Bank Commitments under OMS 2.20 and OP 4.20......Page 25
3.2: Women as Agents of Change......Page 40
4.1: Gender Awareness in 10 Sector Strategy Papers......Page 45
4.2: Legal Agreement Covenants that Include Gender, by Type......Page 49
4.3: Has There Been Perceptible Progress since the OED Evaluation of 2000?......Page 50
5.1: Taking a Social Marketing Approach to Gender Mainstreaming: Experiences from Latin America and the Caribbean Region......Page 57
6.2: Did the Quality of Education Rise as Gender Disparity Lessened?......Page 65
6.4: Unanticipated, Unrecognized, and Undocumented Environmental Impact on Men and Women......Page 67
6.6: Gender-Disaggregated Data......Page 77
7.1: Good Practices in Gender......Page 81
7.3: Messages from Regional Gender Workshops......Page 84
4.4: Projects with No Gender Analysis, by Sector......Page 53
2.1: Indicators and Rating Systems for Consistency with Policy......Page 29
2.2: Representation of Countries......Page 31
3.1: Gender Policies of Multilateral and Bilateral Donor Agencies......Page 37
4.1: Bank Investment Projects with a Gender Analysis by Sector and Rating, 1988–99......Page 48
4.3: Integration of Gender in Bank Assistance to Countries: Total and Adjusted Ratings......Page 52
5.1: Compliance Procedures: Environment and Gender Policies......Page 58
6.2 How Did Bank Assistance Increase the Economic Participation of Women?......Page 70
6.3 Integration and Monitoring of Gender Issues during Adjustment......Page 71
6.4 How Did the Bank Influence Institutional Development for Gender?......Page 75