EU Common Foreign and Security Policy After Lisbon: Between Law and Geopolitics

Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
List of Abbreviations
List of Figures
Chapter 1: Introduction
	1.1 Common Foreign and Security Policy
	1.2 Law: The Constitutional Ambiguity of Common Foreign and Security Policy
	1.3 Geopolitics
	1.4 The Argument of This Book
	1.5 Method
	1.6 The Key Theme: Between Law and Geopolitics
	1.7 The Plan of This Book
	References
Part I: The Context
	Chapter 2: The Geopolitical Context
		2.1 Europe´s Geography
			2.1.1 A Continent with No Eastern Frontier
			2.1.2 Geopolitics of Energy and Raw Materials
			2.1.3 Geopolitics of Demography
			2.1.4 Geopolitics of Water
			2.1.5 Geopolitics of Transports
		2.2 History and Size of Member States
		2.3 System of Alliances
		2.4 The Bureaucratic Organisation
		2.5 The Neighbourhood and Possible Future Enlargements
		References
	Chapter 3: The Legal Context
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Legal-Institutional History of EU Security and Defence
			3.2.1 The European Defence Community
			3.2.2 The European Political Cooperation
			3.2.3 The Single European Act
			3.2.4 The Maastricht Treaty
			3.2.5 The Amsterdam Treaty
			3.2.6 The Nice Treaty
			3.2.7 The Lisbon Treaty
			3.2.8 Main Institutional and Legal Developments in CFSP Since the Lisbon Treaty
		3.3 The Constitutional Architecture of Common Foreign and Security Policy
			3.3.1 Institutional Arrangements
			3.3.2 Decision-Making
			3.3.3 Objectives and Boundaries
			3.3.4 Judicial Protection in Common Foreign and Security Policy
		3.4 Conclusion
		References
Part II: Common Foreign and Security Policy after Lisbon
	Chapter 4: Restrictive Measures: Constitutional Issues, Classification, Judicial Review
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Constitutional Issues: Adoption, Secrecy, Effectiveness
			4.2.1 Adoption
			4.2.2 Secrecy
			4.2.3 Effectiveness
		4.3 The Types of Sanctions
			4.3.1 Classification by Target: Country Sanctions and Individual Sanctions
			4.3.2 Classification by Rationale: Anti-Terrorism, Counterproliferation Sanctions, Cybersanctions, Democratic Backsliding and ...
		4.4 Judicial Review: The Role of the Court in CFSP
			4.4.1 Procedural Avenues to Challenge CFSP Acts
				4.4.1.1 Direct Actions: Article 263 TFEU
				4.4.1.2 Preliminary References: Article 267 TFEU
				4.4.1.3 Infringement Actions: Article 258 TFEU
			4.4.2 Grounds of Review
				4.4.2.1 The Boundaries of the Policy
				4.4.2.2 Legality Control of Restrictive Measures: Article 275 TFEU
				4.4.2.3 Other Provisions
			4.4.3 Effects
				4.4.3.1 Annulment
				4.4.3.2 Non Contractual Liability
		4.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 5: Common Security and Defence Policy in Action
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Civilian Missions and Military Operations
			5.2.1 The First Missions and Operations: The Pre-Lisbon Period
			5.2.2 Narrative Overview of EU Missions and Operations Since Lisbon
			5.2.3 Some Recurrent Key Issues
				5.2.3.1 Horizontal Coherence
				5.2.3.2 Assessing Performance
				5.2.3.3 Budgetary Issues
				5.2.3.4 Accountability
					Legal Accountability
					Other Forms of Accountability
		5.3 Permanent Structured Cooperation
		5.4 Other CSDP Tools
			5.4.1 Qualified Security Guarantee (Art.42(7) TEU)
			5.4.2 Solidarity Clause (Article 222 TFEU)
			5.4.3 Missions by Only Some Member States (Article 44 TEU)
		References
	Chapter 6: The Silence of Foreign Policy
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 The Theory
		6.3 Decision Not to Act
		6.4 Failure to Act
			6.4.1 Libya
			6.4.2 Ukraine 2014
		6.5 Conclusion
		References
Part III: The Key Themes
	Chapter 7: Between Law and Geopolitics
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 The Geopolitical Reality in Europe
			7.2.1 The Need for Autonomy
			7.2.2 The Need for a Political Border Where There Is No Geographical One: Enlargement as Foreign Policy to Secure Western Euro...
			7.2.3 The Decline of the Sea: The Centre-Periphery Dynamic of Atlanticism and the Mediterranean
				7.2.3.1 Atlanticism Outside the EU
				7.2.3.2 The Shattered Sea
			7.2.4 The Mismatch Between Geopolitics (2004 Enlargement) and Law (Lisbon)
		7.3 The Reaction of CFSP
			7.3.1 The Need for a Functional Constitution: Does Law Tend to Catch Up with Geopolitics?
			7.3.2 Coherence
			7.3.3 Accountability
			7.3.4 Effectiveness
		References
	Chapter 8: Conclusions
		References